| Banded mudbug | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Banded mudbug, Lacunicambarus freudensteini, holotype | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Crustacea |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Family: | Cambaridae |
| Genus: | Lacunicambarus |
| Species: | L. freudensteini |
| Binomial name | |
| Lacunicambarus freudensteini Glon, 2020 | |
Lacunicambarus freudensteini, the banded mudbug, is a species of North American burrowing crayfish found in Alabama and Mississippi. [2] [3]
The banded mudbug is a small (maximum size: ~2–2.5 inches) primary burrowing crayfish. This crayfish is typically blue overall with orange highlights on its joints, although rare bright blue and pink specimens have also been collected. [3] Because of this species' exceedingly small range and overall rarity, this species is ranked as S1 (Critically imperiled) in both states where it occurs (Alabama and Mississippi) and has a NatureServe global rank of G1 (Critically imperiled). [1]
The banded mudbug is a very rare species known only from nine sites in Mobile County, Alabama and Jackson County, Mississippi. [3]
The banded mudbug is typically found burrowing in open, non-sloping grasslands with a shallow claypan. [3]
The banded mudbug was named after Dr. John Freudenstein. [4] The common name "banded mudbug" refers to the orange bands on the dorsal side of this species and as the fact that it is a primary burrowing crayfish (often called "mudbugs"). [3]
Crayfish are freshwater crustaceans belonging to the clade Astacidea, which also contains lobsters. In some locations, they are also known as crawfish, craydids, crawdaddies, crawdads, freshwater lobsters, mountain lobsters, rock lobsters, mudbugs, baybugs or yabbies. Taxonomically, they are members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea. They breathe through feather-like gills. Some species are found in brooks and streams, where fresh water is running, while others thrive in swamps, ditches, and paddy fields. Most crayfish cannot tolerate polluted water, although some species, such as Procambarus clarkii, are hardier. Crayfish feed on animals and plants, either living or decomposing, and detritus.
Cambarus is a large and diverse genus of crayfish from the United States and Canada. The adults range in size from about 5 centimeters (2 in) up to approximately 15 centimeters (6 in).
The NatureServe conservation status system, maintained and presented by NatureServe in cooperation with the Natural Heritage Network, was developed in the United States in the 1980s by The Nature Conservancy (TNC) as a means for ranking or categorizing the relative imperilment of species of plants, animals, or other organisms, as well as natural ecological communities, on the global, national or subnational levels. These designations are also referred to as NatureServe ranks, NatureServe statuses, or Natural Heritage ranks. While the Nature Conservancy is no longer substantially involved in the maintenance of these ranks, the name TNC ranks is still sometimes encountered for them.
The conservation status of a group of organisms indicates whether the group still exists and how likely the group is to become extinct in the near future. Many factors are taken into account when assessing conservation status: not simply the number of individuals remaining, but the overall increase or decrease in the population over time, breeding success rates, and known threats. Various systems of conservation status exist and are in use at international, multi-country, national and local levels as well as for consumer use.
Procambarus clarkii, known variously as the red swamp crayfish, Louisiana crawfish or mudbug, is a species of cambarid crayfish native to freshwater bodies of northern Mexico, and southern and southeastern United States, but also introduced elsewhere, where it is often an invasive pest.
Engaeus is a genus of freshwater crayfish found in Australia, the burrowing crayfishes. Fifteen of the 35 species in the genus occur in Tasmania, where they are known as the Tasmanian land crayfishes. The behaviour of these crayfish is notable as they live in burrows and construct large "chimneys" at the opening.
The Webster's salamander is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the southeast United States, in patchy and disjunct lowland subpopulations ranging from South Carolina to Louisiana. Its natural habitat is mixed mesophytic temperate forests, in association with rocky streams and outcrops.
Cambarellus diminutus is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to the United States. It is native to Mississippi and Alabama, and is listed as Data Deficient on the IUCN Red List.
The Guyandotte River Crayfish is a species of crayfish found in a small stream system in Wyoming County, West Virginia, USA. They are closely related to the Big Sandy crayfish, and until recently, the two were thought to belong to the same species. The Guyandotte River Crayfish is currently listed as Data Deficient by the IUCN and was listed under the Endangered Species Act with the Big Sandy Crayfish on April 4th, 2016.
Creaserinus burrisi, the burrowing bog crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in a limited range in southeastern Mississippi and southwestern Alabama.
Creaserinus danielae, the speckled burrowing crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, and Florida.
The Nashville crayfish, Faxonius shoupi, is a freshwater crustacean native to the Mill Creek Basin in Nashville, Tennessee. Prior to August 2017, the species was called Orconectes shoupi. Faxonius shoupi is protected under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) as an endangered species. However, the crayfish has recently been put up for delisting by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.
The shortnose gar is a primitive freshwater fish of the family Lepisosteidae. It is native to the United States where its range includes the Mississippi and Missouri River basins, ranging from Montana to the west and the Ohio River to the east, southwards to the Gulf Coast. It inhabits calm waters in large rivers and their backwaters, as well as oxbow lakes and large pools. It is a long, slender fish, brown or olive green above and whitish below. It typically grows to about 60 cm (24 in) and is armored by rows of interlocking, rhomboidal ganoid scales.
Procambarus zonangulus, the white river crawfish, white river crayfish or southern white river crayfish, is a species of freshwater crayfish.
The Big Sandy crayfish, Cambarus callainus, are freshwater, tertiary burrowing crustaceans of the family Cambaridae. They are found in the streams and rivers of Appalachia in Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky, in what is known as the Big Sandy watershed. Populations are often mistaken with Cambarus veteranus, but morphological and genetic data suggests that these are separate taxa; however, both are protected under the Endangered Species Act. There is very little information available on the Big Sandy crayfish because it is a relatively new species.
Faxonius alabamensis, the Alabama crayfish, is a species of freshwater crayfish that lives in Alabama, Mississippi and Tennessee.
Crayfish are eaten all over the world. Like other edible crustaceans, only a small portion of the body of a crayfish is edible. In most prepared dishes, such as soups, bisques and étouffées, only the tail portion is served. At crawfish boils or other meals where the entire body of the crayfish is presented, other portions, such as the claw meat, may be eaten.
Euastacus bidawalus, the East Gippsland spiny crayfish, is an Australian freshwater crayfish endemic to the East Gippsland area of Victoria and the far south coast of New South Wales.
Lacunicambarus is a genus of burrowing crayfishes in the family Cambaridae. There are currently 12 described species in Lacunicambarus, all of which are found east of the Continental Divide in North America. The genus was first recognized in 2018 when it was discovered through genetic analyses that the Cambarus subgenera Lacunicambarus and Tubericambarus were not monophyletic on their own, but that when combined they formed a single monophyletic group distinct from Cambarus. A 2022 study used anchored hybrid enrichment to resolve the Lacunicambarus phylogeny, which elucidated interspecific relationships and highlighted remaining undescribed diversity within the genus.
