Lael Brainard

Last updated

Kurt M. Campbell
​
(m. 1998)​
Lael Brainard
Lael Brainard, NEC Director.jpg
Official portrait, 2023
Director of the National Economic Council
Incumbent
Assumed office
February 21, 2023
Children3
Education Wesleyan University (BA)
Harvard University (MA, PhD)

Lael Brainard (born January 1, 1962) is an American economist serving as the 14th director of the National Economic Council since February 21, 2023. She previously served as the 22nd vice chair of the Federal Reserve between May 2022 and February 2023. Prior to her term as vice chair, Brainard served as a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, taking office in 2014. Before her appointment to the Federal Reserve, she served as the under secretary of the treasury for international affairs from 2010 to 2013.

Contents

Brainard was nominated by Barack Obama to serve as the Under Secretary of the Treasury for International Affairs at the Department of the Treasury on March 23, 2009. [1] She was confirmed to the position by a 78–19 vote in the U.S. Senate on April 20, 2010, and was sworn in on the same day. [2] She tendered her resignation on November 8, 2013, in advance of her nomination by Obama to serve on the Fed board. [3]

President Biden nominated Brainard to serve as Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve on November 22, 2021, succeeding Richard Clarida in the role. [4] On April 26, 2022, her nomination as Federal Reserve Vice Chair was confirmed by the U.S. Senate. [5] She was sworn in on May 23, 2022. [6] In February 2023, Biden announced Brainard as Brian Deese's successor as Director of the National Economic Council (NEC). [7] She resigned her positions as Federal Reserve governor and Vice Chair on February 18, 2023. [8] As NEC director, Brainard additionally serves as chair of the White House Competition Council. [9]

Early life and education

Lael Brainard, daughter of the U.S. foreign-service officer and diplomat [10] Alfred Brainard, grew up in West Germany and later Poland in the period before the Revolutions of 1989 and the Fall of the Berlin Wall. [11] [12] [13] She graduated with university honors from Wesleyan University with a Bachelor of Arts degree from the College of Social Studies. [14] Brainard received masters and doctoral degrees in economics from Harvard University, where she was a National Science Foundation Fellow. [14] She is Jewish. [15]

She is the recipient of a White House Fellowship and a Council on Foreign Relations International Affairs Fellowship. She received the Alexander Hamilton Award for her service at the Department of the Treasury [14] [16] [17] and was awarded the Harvard GSAS Centennial Medal and the New York Association of Business Economics William F. Butler Award in 2019. [18] [19]

Career

Private sector

Brainard started her career at McKinsey & Company advising corporate clients on strategic challenges.

Brainard served as assistant and associate professor of Applied Economics at the MIT Sloan School of Management from 1990 to 1996 [14] where her publications made important contributions on the relationship between offshore production, trade, and jobs; the measurement of structural and cyclical unemployment in the U.S. economy; and strategic trade policy.

Brainard was a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution from 2001 to 2009 and Vice President and Director of the Global Economy and Development Program from 2006 to 2009. [20]

White House

Beginning in 1997 [21] Brainard served as deputy national economic advisor and deputy assistant to the president during the Clinton administration. [14] In this role, she was the White House staff coordinator for the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Leaders Meeting in Vancouver and Manila; responsible for the President's three-year review of NAFTA; and for preparing the way for China's entry into the WTO. [21] She was also responsible for the G7/G8 Jobs Conferences in the U.K. and France, and took part in President Clinton's visits to China, Latin America, the U.K., and the Summit of the Americas held in Miami. [22]

As deputy director of the National Economic Council, she helped build a new White House organization to address global economic challenges such as the Asian financial crisis and China's accession to the World Trade Organization. As the U.S. Sherpa to the G8, she helped shape the 2000 G8 summit that, for the first time, included leaders of the poorest nations and laid the foundations for the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. [20]

Treasury

Brainard, far right, at a briefing for President Obama before the 2012 G20 Los Cabos summit United States delegation on the eve of the G20 Summit (cropped).jpg
Brainard, far right, at a briefing for President Obama before the 2012 G20 Los Cabos summit

On March 23, 2009, President Obama nominated Brainard to serve as Under Secretary of the Treasury for International Affairs. [23] [24] Reuters News Service reported on December 23, 2009, that the Senate Finance Committee had approved Brainard to become the "Treasury Department's top global diplomat, a job that would give her a key role in the bid to push China toward a flexible currency". [25] The Senate confirmed her in a 78–19 vote on April 20, 2010. [26] Brainard managed the Office of International Affairs at the Treasury Department with responsibilities including the euro area crisis and currency relations with China. [27] [28] [29] In this role, she exerted pressure on China to allow the forces of the free market to guide its currency. She also pressured Europe to follow a stronger economic rescue plan during the sovereign-debt crisis. [30] [31] [32]

During this time, she was the U.S. Representative to the G-20 Finance Deputies and G-7 Deputies and was a member of the Financial Stability Board. She received the Alexander Hamilton Award for her service. [14] She left her post in the U.S. Treasury in November 2013. [17] [33]

Federal Reserve Board

Brainard's Federal Reserve Board portrait Lael Brainard (14438068496).jpg
Brainard's Federal Reserve Board portrait

Brainard was nominated to the Federal Reserve Board of Governors by President Barack Obama in January 2014. [34] She was confirmed by the Senate by a vote of 61–31 on June 12, 2014, [35] and began her term on June 16, 2014. [36] [37] Brainard serves as Administrative Governor, Chair of the Committee on Financial Stability, the Committee on Federal Reserve Bank Affairs, the Committee on Consumer and Community Affairs, the Committee on Payments, Clearing and Settlements, and the Subcommittee on Smaller Regional and Community Banking Organizations. [38]

Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve

Brainard sworn in as vice chair of the Federal Reserve by Jerome Powell in May 2022 NZ78628 (52094517386).jpg
Brainard sworn in as vice chair of the Federal Reserve by Jerome Powell in May 2022

On November 22, 2021, President Joe Biden nominated Brainard to be the vice-chair of the Federal Reserve. [39] Her initial nomination was returned to President Biden on January 3, 2022, due to it expiring at the end of the year. [40] President Biden renominated her the following day.

Hearings were held on Brainard's nomination before the Senate Banking Committee on January 13, 2022. The committee favorably reported her nomination to the Senate floor on March 16, 2022, in a 16–8 vote. [41] [42] On April 25, 2022, the United States Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 54–40 vote. On April 26, 2022, her nomination was confirmed by the Senate by a 52–43 vote, with all Democrats present and seven Republicans voting in favor of her confirmation. [5] She became just the third woman to serve as Fed's Vice Chair, following Alice Rivlin and Janet Yellen. [43]

National Economic Council

In February 2023, Biden selected Brainard as Director of the National Economic Council (NEC), replacing Brian Deese. [7] She is the second woman to serve as NEC Director, following Laura Tyson. [44] As NEC director, Brainard also serves at the helm of the White House Competition Council, a position she also succeeded Deese in. [9] Dr. Brainard, along with Jake Sullivan and Steve Ricchetti, acted as an intermediary for Biden administration officials and lawmakers who sought access to the President according to an investigative report by the Wall Street Journal. [45]

Publications

Brainard is co‑editor of Climate Change and Global Poverty: A Billion Lives in the Balance (2009); [46] co-editor of Too Poor For Peace? (2007); [47] co-editor of Offshoring White Collar Work (2006); [48] editor of Transforming the Development Landscape: the Role of the Private Sector (2006) [49] and Security by Other Means: Foreign Assistance, Global Poverty and American Leadership (2006); [50] and co-author of The Other War: Global Poverty and the Millennium Challenge Corporation (2004). [51]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chair of the Federal Reserve</span> Head of the United States Federal Reserve System

The chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System is the head of the Federal Reserve, and is the active executive officer of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. The chairman presides at meetings of the Board.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Janet Yellen</span> American economist (born 1946)

Janet Louise Yellen is an American economist, currently serving as the 78th United States secretary of the treasury since January 26, 2021. She previously served as the 15th chair of the Federal Reserve from 2014 to 2018. She is the first woman to hold either post, and has also led the White House Council of Economic Advisers. Yellen is the Eugene E. and Catherine M. Trefethen Professor of Business Administration and Economics at the University of California, Berkeley.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Federal Reserve Board of Governors</span> Governing body of the U.S. Federal Reserve System

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, commonly known as the Federal Reserve Board, is the main governing body of the Federal Reserve System. It is charged with overseeing the Federal Reserve Banks and with helping implement the monetary policy of the United States. Governors are appointed by the president of the United States and confirmed by the Senate for staggered 14-year terms. It is headquartered in the Eccles Building on Constitution Avenue, N.W. in Washington, D.C.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jared Bernstein</span> American government official (born 1955)

Jared Bernstein is an American government official who is the chair of the United States Council of Economic Advisers. He is a senior fellow at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. From 2009 to 2011, Bernstein was the chief economist and economic adviser to Vice President Joe Biden in the Obama administration. In 2008, Michael D. Shear described Bernstein as a progressive and "a strong advocate for workers".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brian Deese</span> American business executive and government official (born 1978)

Brian Christopher Deese is an American economic and political advisor who was the 13th director of the National Economic Council, serving under President Joe Biden.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cecilia Rouse</span> American economist (born 1963)

Cecilia Elena Rouse is an American economist and the President of the Brookings Institution. She served as the 30th Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers between 2021 and 2023. She is the first Black American to hold this position. Prior to this, she served as the dean of the Princeton School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University. Joe Biden nominated Rouse to be Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers in November 2020. Rouse was overwhelmingly confirmed by the Senate on March 2, 2021, by a vote of 95–4. She resigned on March 31, 2023, to return to teaching. On June 28, she was named the 9th President of the Brookings Institution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sarah Bloom Raskin</span> American attorney (born 1961)

Sarah Bloom Raskin is an American attorney and financial markets policymaker who served as the 13th United States Deputy Secretary of the Treasury from 2014 to 2017. Raskin previously served as a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors from 2010 to 2014. She also was Maryland Commissioner of Financial Regulation. She was a Rubenstein Fellow at Duke University. She is currently the Colin W. Brown Distinguished Professor of the Practice of Law at Duke Law School. She is also a Senior Fellow at the Duke Center on Risk. She also serves as a Partner at Kaya Partners, Ltd., a climate advisory firm.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Richard Clarida</span> American economist (born 1957)

Richard Harris Clarida is an American economist who served as the 21st Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve from 2018 to 2022. Clarida resigned his post on January 14, 2022, to return from public service leave to teach at Columbia University for the spring term of 2022. He is the C. Lowell Harriss Professor of Economics and International Affairs at Columbia University and, from 2006 until September 2018 and from October 2022 to the present, a Global Strategic Advisor for PIMCO. He is notable for his contributions to dynamic stochastic general equilibrium theory and international monetary economics. He is a former Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic Policy and is a recipient of the Treasury Medal. He also was a proponent of the theory that inflation was transitory during the COVID-19 pandemic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jerome Powell</span> American attorney and investment banker (born 1953)

Jerome Hayden "Jay" Powell is an American investment banker and lawyer serving since 2018 as the 16th chair of the Federal Reserve.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ramin Toloui</span> American government official

Ramin Toloui Tehrani is an American academic, civil servant, and financial advisor who most recently served as Assistant Secretary of State for Economic and Business Affairs in the Biden Administration.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Judy Shelton</span> American economist

Judy Lynn Shelton is an American economic advisor to former President Donald Trump. She is known for her advocacy for a return to the gold standard and for her criticisms of the Federal Reserve. Trump announced on July 2, 2019, that he would nominate Shelton to the Fed. Her nomination stalled on November 17, 2020, with a 47–50 vote in the Senate, and her nomination was eventually withdrawn by President Joe Biden in February 2021.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lisa D. Cook</span> American economist (born 1964)

Lisa DeNell Cook is an American economist who has served as a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors since May 23, 2022. She is the first African American woman and first woman of color to sit on the Board. Before her appointment to the Federal Reserve, she was elected to the board of directors of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nellie Liang</span> American economist (born 1958)

Jean Nellie Liang is an American economist. She currently serves as Under Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Finance in the Biden administration.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philip Jefferson</span> American economist

Philip Nathan Jefferson is an American economist who has been serving as 23rd Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve since September 2023. He has been a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors since 2022. He was nominated for the position by President Joe Biden in January 2022, and was confirmed by the Senate in May 2022. Upon taking office, he became the fourth Black man to serve on the board.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tamika Montgomery-Reeves</span> American judge (born 1981)

Tamika Renee Montgomery-Reeves is an American lawyer who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. She previously served as an Associate Justice of the Delaware Supreme Court.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cabinet of Joe Biden</span> Members of President Joe Bidens Cabinet

Joe Biden assumed office as the 46th president of the United States on January 20, 2021. The president has the authority to nominate members of his Cabinet to the United States Senate for confirmation under the Appointments Clause of the United States Constitution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve</span> Second-highest officer of the United States Federal Reserve System

The vice chair of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System is the second-highest officer of the Federal Reserve, after the chair of the Federal Reserve. In the absence of the chair, the vice chair presides over the meetings Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Graham Steele (American attorney)</span> American attorney

Graham Scott Steele is an American attorney, policy advisor, and government official. In July 2021, Steele was nominated by President Joe Biden to serve as Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Institutions. He was confirmed by the Senate and served in the position until January 2024.

Executive Order 14036, titled Executive Order on Promoting Competition in the American Economy and sometimes referred to as the Executive Order on Competition, is the fifty-first executive order signed by U.S. President Joe Biden. Signed on July 9, 2021, the order serves to establish a "whole-of-government effort to promote competition in the American economy" by encouraging stronger enforcement of antitrust law.

References

  1. ↑ "President Obama Announces Additional Treasury Department Nominations". whitehouse.gov . Archived from the original on January 29, 2017. Retrieved November 20, 2020– via National Archives.
  2. ↑ "PN224 - Nomination of Lael Brainard for Department of the Treasury, 111th Congress (2009-2010)". www.congress.gov. April 20, 2010. Archived from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
  3. ↑ "Dow Jones". Dow Jones. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
  4. ↑ "US President Biden to Keep Powell as Chair, Elevates Lael Brainard to Serve as Vice Chair". Sovereign Wealth Fund Institute. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
  5. 1 2 Rugaber, Christopher (April 26, 2022). "Brainard wins Senate confirmation to be Fed's vice chair". Associated Press. Retrieved April 26, 2022.
  6. ↑ "Lael Brainard sworn in as Vice Chair of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System". Federal Reserve. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
  7. 1 2 "Biden announces reshaped economic team, naming 2 new top advisers". CBS. February 14, 2023. Retrieved February 14, 2023.
  8. ↑ "Federal Reserve Board - Board Members". Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  9. 1 2 "Brainard Renews Advocacy for Competition After Latest Bank Takeover". Bloomberg. May 4, 2023. Retrieved June 6, 2023. Brainard took the NEC role in February, succeeding Brian Deese. Both also served as chair of the White House Competition Council. Brainard touted measures such as restricting so-called "junk fees" and curbing the cost of hearing aids.
  10. ↑ "Nach US-Wahl: Gebürtige Hamburgerin ist Favorit auf Posten als Bidens Finanzministerin". Archived from the original on November 16, 2020. Retrieved November 14, 2020.
  11. ↑ "Zukünftiger US-Präsident Joe Biden: Gebürtige Hamburgerin soll Finanzen übernehmen | MOPO.de". November 13, 2020. Archived from the original on November 13, 2020. Retrieved November 14, 2020.
  12. ↑ "Treasury Official Lael Brainard Steps Down, as White House Considers Her for Fed PostDow Jones". Dow Jones. Archived from the original on October 10, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
  13. ↑ Smialek, Jeanna (November 10, 2020). "Lael Brainard's Steady Rise Could Culminate in Treasury Secretary Post". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved November 10, 2020.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "The Fed - Lael Brainard". Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Archived from the original on April 9, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
  15. ↑ "Lael Brainard Biography - 491 Words | Cram".
  16. ↑ "Lael Brainard Confirmed as Under Secretary for International Affairs". Media-newswire.com. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
  17. 1 2 "Brainard to leave Treasury". Politico.com. November 4, 2013. Archived from the original on December 14, 2013. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
  18. ↑ "Fearless Advocates, Tireless Leaders, Harvard's Centennial Medalists Have Made a Dramatic Impact on Society". harvard.news.edu. May 29, 2019. Archived from the original on June 29, 2020. Retrieved July 2, 2020.
  19. ↑ "New York Association of Business Economics". nyabe.org. Archived from the original on July 3, 2020. Retrieved July 2, 2020.
  20. 1 2 "Lael Brainard to Hold the Bernard L. Schwartz Chair in International Economics". Brookings. November 30, 2001. Archived from the original on April 9, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
  21. 1 2 Kuttner, Robert (September 23, 2020). "Liberalish: The Complex Odyssey of Lael Brainard". The American Prospect. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  22. ↑ "Lael Brainard". whitehouse.gov . Retrieved November 23, 2020– via National Archives.
  23. ↑ "President Obama Announces Additional Treasury Department Nominations". whitehouse.gov . March 23, 2009. Retrieved June 18, 2016– via National Archives.
  24. ↑ "Presidential Nominations Sent to the Senate, 3/23/09". whitehouse.gov . March 23, 2009. Archived from the original on February 16, 2017. Retrieved June 18, 2016– via National Archives.
  25. ↑ "Senate panel OKs Lael Brainard for Treasury post". Reuters. December 23, 2009. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved July 1, 2017.
  26. ↑ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 111th Congress - 2nd Session". www.senate.gov. Archived from the original on April 9, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
  27. ↑ "International Affairs". Treasury.gov . Archived from the original on June 22, 2016. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
  28. ↑ Lowrey, Annie (2012). "Lael Brainard Is Washington's Financial Envoy to Euro Crisis". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 9, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
  29. ↑ "Globalizing Reform". The American Prospect. Archived from the original on April 9, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
  30. ↑ Smialek, Jeanna (November 10, 2020). "Lael Brainard's Steady Rise Could Culminate in Treasury Secretary Post". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
  31. ↑ "Brainard Faces China Questions If Biden Picks Her for Treasury". Bloomberg.com. November 9, 2020. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
  32. ↑ Siegel, Rachel. "With pick for treasury secretary, Biden will tip hand about his economic agenda". Washington Post. ISSN   0190-8286. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
  33. ↑ "Treasury Officials". Treasury.gov. Archived from the original on April 9, 2016. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
  34. ↑ Puzzanghera, Jim (January 10, 2014). "Obama to nominate Stanley Fischer, 2 others to Federal Reserve seats". LA Times. Archived from the original on January 10, 2014. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  35. ↑ "U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 113th Congress - 2nd Session, Vote 189". Senate Bill Clerk. June 12, 2014. Archived from the original on July 9, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
  36. ↑ "FRB: Lael Brainard". Federalreserve.gov. Archived from the original on June 3, 2016. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
  37. ↑ Appelbaum, Binyamin (July 25, 2016). "Lael Brainard, Donning a Global Lens, Champions Low Rates at Fed". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 9, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
  38. ↑ "The Fed - Board Members". Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Archived from the original on March 18, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
  39. ↑ "President Biden Nominates Jerome Powell to Serve as Chair of the Federal Reserve, Dr. Lael Brainard to Serve as Vice Chair". The White House. November 22, 2021. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
  40. ↑ "PN1464 — Lael Brainard — Federal Reserve System 117th Congress (2021-2022)". US Congress. January 3, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
  41. ↑ "PN1529 — Lael Brainard — Federal Reserve System 117th Congress (2021-2022)". US Congress. March 16, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
  42. ↑ Lane, Sylvan (March 16, 2022). "Senate panel advances Biden Fed nominees to confirmation votes". The Hill. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
  43. ↑ Egan, Matt (April 26, 2022). "Senate confirms Lael Brainard as Federal Reserve vice chair". CNN Business. Retrieved April 27, 2022.
  44. ↑ "Biden names Fed's Brainard top White House economic adviser". Yahoo. February 14, 2023. Retrieved February 14, 2023.
  45. ↑ Annie Linskey, Rebecca Ballhaus, Emily Glazer, and Siobhan Hughes. (19 December 2024). "How the White House Functioned With a Diminished Biden in Charge". Wall Street Journal Retrieved 19 December 2024.
  46. ↑ Brainard, Lael; Jones, Abigail; Purvis, Nigel (2009). Climate Change and Global Poverty: A Billion Lives in the Balance. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution. ISBN   9780815702818.
  47. ↑ Brainard, Lael; Chollet, Derek, eds. (May 3, 2007). Too Poor for Peace?: Global Poverty, Conflict, and Security in the 21st Century . Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press. ISBN   9780815713753.
  48. ↑ Brainard, Lael; Collins, Susan M. (2005). "Offshoring White-Collar Work: Editors' Summary". Brookings Trade Forum: ix–xxx. doi:10.1353/btf.2006.0007. JSTOR   25058760. S2CID   201774379.
  49. ↑ Werker, Eric D. (December 1, 2007). "Review of Transforming the Development Landscape: The Role of the Private Sector, edited by Lael Brainard". Archived from the original on August 11, 2015. Retrieved April 8, 2018.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  50. ↑ Brainard, Lael, ed. (January 10, 2007). Security by Other Means: Foreign Assistance, Global Poverty, and American Leadership. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press. ISBN   9780815713616.
  51. ↑ "The Other War: Global Poverty and the Millennium Challenge Account". Foreign Affairs. No. November/December 2003. January 28, 2009. ISSN   0015-7120. Archived from the original on April 10, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
Political offices
Preceded by Under Secretary of the Treasury for International Affairs
2010–2013		Succeeded by
Preceded by Director of the National Economic Council
2023–present		Succeeded by
Kevin Hassett
Designate
Government offices
Preceded by Member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors
2014–2023		Succeeded by
Preceded by Vice Chair of the Federal Reserve
2022–2023		Succeeded by
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.