Leicester Museum & Art Gallery

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Leicester Museum & Art Gallery
New Walk Museum main entrance.jpg
Leicester Museum & Art Gallery
Former name
New Walk Museum
Established1849;175 years ago (1849)
Location New Walk, Leicester, England
Coordinates 52°37′44″N1°07′40″W / 52.628954°N 1.127765°W / 52.628954; -1.127765
CuratorMark Evans
Architect Joseph Hansom
Owner Leicester City Council
Nearest car parkOn site (no charge)
Website Leicester Museum & Art Gallery
Leicester Museum & Art Gallery
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Invisible Square.svg
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500m
550yds
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Leicester Museum & Art Gallery
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The Leicester Museum & Art Gallery (until 2020, New Walk Museum and Art Gallery) is a museum on New Walk in Leicester, England, not far from the city centre. [1] It opened in 1849 as one of the first public museums in the United Kingdom. [2] Leicester Museum & Art Gallery contains displays of science, history and art, both international and local. The original building was designed by Joseph Hansom, designer of the hansom cab. [3] It has been expanded several times, most recently in 2011.

Contents

Major exhibits

Permanent exhibits include dinosaurs, an Egyptian area, minerals of Leicestershire, the first Charnia fossil identified nearby, and a wildspace area featuring stuffed animals from around the world.

Dinosaurs and fossils

The "Barrow Kipper", a plesiosaur skeleton excavated at Barrow upon Soar Plesiosaur skeleton, New Walk Museum.JPG
The "Barrow Kipper", a plesiosaur skeleton excavated at Barrow upon Soar

Leicester Museum & Art Gallery has a significant collection of extinct lifeforms. Two Mesozoic reptile skeletons are permanently on display — a cetiosaur found in Rutland, and a plesiosaur from Barrow upon Soar. [1]

The Rutland Dinosaur, affectionately nicknamed George, is a specimen of Cetiosaurus oxoniensis. The 15 metres (49 ft) dinosaur, which is among the most complete sauropod skeletons in the world, was discovered in June 1968, in the Williamson Cliffe quarry near Little Casterton in Rutland. The skeletal remains have been in the museum since 1975; the majority of the bones in the display are replicas of the originals, which are too fragile to be used. [4] [5] The Rutland Dinosaur featured on an episode of Blue Peter , and was opened by Blue Peter's Janet Ellis in 1985.

The Barrow Kipper, named after the flattened fish, is a skeleton of an unidentified plesiosaur discovered in Barrow upon Soar in 1851. Originally classified as Plesiosaurus macrocephalus, it was later reclassified as Rhomaleosaurus megacephalus. However, according to Adam Smith and Gareth Dyke (2008), the fossil is actually of another, unnamed genus. [6]

In September 2011, the museum expanded its Dinosaur Gallery, reorganizing fossils, adding a new room, and modifying the gallery itself. The new Dinosaur Gallery, which predominantly features extinct marine reptiles, was opened by David Attenborough. [7] [1] The "star attractions" of the new gallery include the aforementioned Rutland cetiosaur, Charnia and plesiosaur fossils, as well as a Leedsichthys fossil and a piece of the Barwell Meteorite.

The museum holds a specimen of international importance, the Charnia fossil. [8] It is the first fossil that was ever described that came from undoubted Precambrian rocks, which until this point had been thought to be too early for large forms of life. [9] The object in the museum – "Leicester's fossil celebrity" [10] – is a holotype, that is, the actual physical example from which the species was first identified and formally described. Charnia masoni was named after Roger Mason, who discovered it at Charnwood Forest in 1957, when he was a schoolboy, and who went on to a career as an academic geologist. He acknowledges, and the museum's Charnia display explains, that the fossil had been discovered a year earlier by a schoolgirl, Tina Negus, "but no one took her seriously". [11] [12]

Ancient Egypt

The museum has a permanent Egyptology exhibit. The museum holds four Egyptian mummies, named Pa-nesit-tawy, Pe-iuy, Bes-en-Mut and Ta-Bes. [13] Pe-iuy was the first to enter the museum's collection being purchased in 1859 for £45. [14] Bes-en-Mut and Ta-Bes were taken out of Egypt by John Mason Cook the son of Thomas Cook in around 1880. He later gifted them to the museum. [14]

Pa-nesit-tawy was the last being donated to the museum by the Huntingdon Literary and Scientific society in 1928. [14] Living in 600BC and buried in Thebes he was gifted in 1869 to Edward VII then Prince of Wales. [14] Edward VII regifted Pa-nesit-tawy to Oliver George Paulet Montagu who in turn gifted him to the Huntingdon Literary and Scientific society. [14]

The Egyptology section of the museum has undergone an expansion, covering life in Egypt in greater detail, as well as a section focused on death in Egypt, which is where the four mummies are held. The artefacts came mainly from Europeans visiting Egypt during the revival of interest in Egyptology which occurred during the 19th century. The capacity of the galleries have been greatly expanded as of 2018. The museum holds a collection of over 400 objects from the Ancient Egyptian era, but has only, until recently, been able to display around a third of these. The new gallery has allowed for these to be shown to the public. [15] Since 2020 the galley has been home to a statue of Husband and wife, Sethmose and Isisnofret purchased from the then bankrupt Thomas Cook Group. [16]

Other

The museum has a stuffed polar bear, Peppy, the mascot of Fox's Glacier Mints. [17] This is held in a collection of taxidermy animals, which have been collected from areas around the world. The exhibit includes a number of temperate specimens, as well as polar and savannah specimens.

Red Woman by Franz Marc, 1912 Red Woman by Franz Marc 1912.jpg
Red Woman by Franz Marc, 1912

The museum holds the UK's largest collection of German Expressionist art. [18] These paintings, including works by George Grosz, Wassily Kandinsky and Paul Klee, were smuggled out of Nazi Germany before World War II. [19] The Nazis condemned the work of these painters – see the 1937 Degenerate Art Exhibition. Hans Hess, son of the German-Jewish industrialist and art collector, Alfred Hess, was assistant curator at the museum.

In 2007, more than 100 pieces of Picasso ceramic art went on display at the museum, having been donated by Richard Attenborough. [20]

Exhibitions

On the first floor of the museum is an exhibition area that changes periodically. Recent exhibits have included a display focusing on the search for the remains of Richard III, a Wallace and Gromit display, and Spirits of War to Hands of Peace, an exhibit of paintings and sculpture on the horrors of war and the power of peace. [21]

As part of the National Portrait Gallery's 'Coming Home' project, a portrait of Richard III was on temporary display during the summer of 2019, following the reinterment of the king in Leicester Cathedral in 2015. [22]

Name change

The museum was relaunched in August 2020, after a lengthy closure in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The museum reopened under a new name: Leicester Museum & Art Gallery, chosen "to demonstrate that it is Leicester's leading museum, and to help people from outside the city if they are searching online for Leicester museums." [23]

Related Research Articles

<i>Charnia</i> Genus of frond-like lifeforms

Charnia is an extinct genus of frond-like lifeforms belonging to the Ediacaran biota with segmented, leaf-like ridges branching alternately to the right and left from a zig-zag medial suture. The genus Charnia was named after Charnwood Forest in Leicestershire, England, where the first fossilised specimen was found. Charnia is significant because it was the first Precambrian fossil to be recognized as such.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Natural History Museum, London</span> British museum established in 1881

The Natural History Museum in London is a museum that exhibits a vast range of specimens from various segments of natural history. It is one of three major museums on Exhibition Road in South Kensington, the others being the Science Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum. The Natural History Museum's main frontage, however, is on Cromwell Road.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charnwood Forest</span> Upland area in Leicestershire, England

Charnwood Forest is a hilly tract in north-western Leicestershire, England, bounded by Leicester, Loughborough and Coalville. The area is undulating, rocky and picturesque, with barren areas. It also has some extensive tracts of woodland, and significant Precambrian geology. Its elevation is generally 600 feet (180 m)and upwards, the area exceeding this height being about 6,100 acres (25 km2). The highest point, Bardon Hill, is 912 feet (278 m). On its western flank lies an abandoned coalfield, with Coalville and other former mining villages, now being regenerated and replanted as part of the National Forest. The M1 motorway, between junctions 22 and 23, cuts through Charnwood Forest.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carnegie Museum of Natural History</span> Museum in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Little Casterton</span> Human settlement in England

Little Casterton is a small village and civil parish in Rutland, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2001 census was 148, increasing to 218 at the 2011 census. It is about two miles (3 km) north of Stamford on a minor road that runs to the south of the River Gwash between Great Casterton and Ryhall.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Swithland Wood and The Brand</span>

Swithland Wood and The Brand is a 87.9 hectares biological Site of Special Scientific Interest south of Woodhouse Eaves in Leicestershire. Swithland Wood is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade II. The Brand is designated a Precambrian site in the Geological Conservation Review, but the dating has been changed due to the discovery of trace fossils from the succeeding Cambrian period.

<i>Cetiosaurus</i> Extinct species of reptile

Cetiosaurus meaning 'whale lizard', from the Greek keteios/κήτειος meaning 'sea monster' and sauros/σαυρος meaning 'lizard', is a genus of herbivorous sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic Period, living about 168 million years ago in what is now Britain and probably France.

<i>Cetiosauriscus</i> Genus of reptiles (fossil)

Cetiosauriscus is a genus of sauropod dinosaur that lived between 166 and 164 million years ago during the Callovian in what is now England. A herbivore, Cetiosauriscus had – by sauropod standards – a moderately long tail, and longer forelimbs, making them as long as its hindlimbs. It has been estimated as about 15 m (49 ft) long and between 4 and 10 t in weight.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rocky Mountain Dinosaur Resource Center</span> Museum in Woodland Park, Colorado

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Roger Mason is an English geologist. He is known as the discoverer of the original type fossil for species Charnia masoni of the genus Charnia. He is now a professor at the China University of Geosciences in Wuhan, China.

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<i>Attenborosaurus</i> Extinct genus of reptiles

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Hadrynichorde is a frondose organism from the Ediacaran period discovered in Newfoundland, Canada. It is a sessile, benthic marine organism. resembling modern sea whips.

Tina Negus is a British zoologist, painter and poet who is credited as the original discoverer of Charnia, the first ever known Precambrian fossil. A fossil enthusiast since childhood, she found the first specimen of frond-like fossil at Charnwood Forest in Leicestershire during a summer vacation in 1956. She studied zoology, botany and geography at the University of Reading. She took up zoology for her postgraduate degree and her dissertation research on mussel diversity and abundance, published in the Journal of Animal Ecology in 1966, became a fundamental information on the degree of pollution in the River Thames. In recognition of her pioneering work, the University of Reading commissioned the Tina Negus Prize to graduate students of biology since 2019.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Official website
  2. ↑ "New Walk Museum Vision", University of Leicester.
  3. ↑ Harris, Penelope (2010). The Architectural Achievement of Joseph Aloysius Hansom (1803–1882). The Edwin Mellen Press. ISBN   0-7734-3851-3..
  4. ↑ Leicester City Council Archived 7 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ↑ Upchurch P, Martin J (2002). "The Rutland Cetiosaurus: the anatomy and relationships of a Middle Jurassic British sauropod dinosaur". Palaeontology. 45 (6): 1049–1074. doi: 10.1111/1475-4983.00275 .
  6. ↑ Adam S. Smith & Peggy Vincent (2010). "A new genus of pliosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Lower Jurassic of Holzmaden, Germany" (PDF). Palaeontology. 53 (5): 1049–1063. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00975.x .
  7. ↑ "Sir David Attenborough launches Dinosaur Gallery at Leicester's New Walk Museum". Culture24. 7 September 2011.
  8. ↑ Leicester City Council Archived 7 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ↑ Ford, T. D. (1958). "Precambrian fossils from Charnwood Forest". Yorkshire Geological Society Proceedings. 31 (3): 211–217. doi:10.1144/pygs.31.3.211.
  10. ↑ "Leicester's fossil celebrity: Charnia and the evolution of early life" (PDF). University of Leicester. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  11. ↑ Mason, Roger. "The discovery of Charnia masoni" (PDF). University of Leicester. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  12. ↑ "In April 1957, I went rock-climbing in Charnwood Forest with two friends, Richard Allen and Richard Blachford ('Blach'), fellow students at Wyggeston Grammar School, Leicester. I was already interested in geology and knew that the rocks of the Charnian Supergroup were Precambrian although I had not heard of the Australian fossils. Richard Allen and I agree that Blach (who died in the early 1960s) drew my attention to the leaf-like fossil holotype now on display in Leicester City Museum. I took a rubbing and showed it to my father, who was Minister of the Great Meeting Unitarian Chapel in East Bond Street, taught part-time at University College (soon to be Leicester University) and thus knew Trevor Ford. We took Trevor to visit the fossil site and convinced him that it was a genuine fossil. His publication of the discovery in the Journal of the Yorkshire Geological Society established the genus Charnia and aroused worldwide interest. ... I was able to report the discovery because of my father's encouragement and the enquiring approach fostered by my science teachers. Tina Negus saw the frond before I did but no one took her seriously."
  13. ↑ Leicester City Council Archived 15 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 Stienne, Angela (2022). Mummified: The Stories Behind Egyptian Mummies in Museums. Manchester University Press. pp. 48–51. ISBN   9781526161895.
  15. ↑ Jones, Becky (19 October 2019). "Take a look inside New Walk Museum's amazing new Egyptian galleries". Leicester Mercury.
  16. ↑ "Thomas Cook's Egyptian statue bought by Leicester museum". 22 July 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
  17. ↑ "Mystery over a polar bear's past". 16 March 2009. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  18. ↑ "Artists and Artworks". www.germanexpressionismleicester.org. 25 September 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2024.
  19. ↑ "Leicester New Walk Museum exhibits German Expressionist art". BBC. 3 October 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  20. ↑ Lewis, Caroline. "Attenborough donates Picasso ceramics collection to Leicester New Walk Museum", Culture24, 7 June 2007. Retrieved 7 December 2009.
  21. ↑ "New art exhibition highlights the contrasts between war and peace", Leicester City Council, 23 March 2011.
  22. ↑ Watson, Hayley (8 June 2019). "Iconic portrait of King Richard III goes on display at New Walk Museum". Leicester Mercury.
  23. ↑ Jones, Becky (15 August 2020). "New Walk Museum to reopen with new name and LEGO displays". Leicester Mercury.

52°37′45″N1°07′40″W / 52.6292°N 1.1278°W / 52.6292; -1.1278

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