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The Continental Football League was an American football league that operated in North America from 1965 through 1969. The league was primarily formed by minor-league teams that had played in the United and Atlantic Coast football leagues. [1] In February 1968, the ContFL merged with the Professional Football League of America (PFLA), in order to expand into the midwestern United States. [2] In 1969, the league expanded into Texas by absorbing the Texas Football League, which also brought the first (and, to date, only) team from Mexico to play in a professional American football league, the Mexico Golden Aztecs.
The team, based in Akron, Ohio, played four games in the Continental Football League during the 1967 season, accruing a record of 1–3. [3] Jerry Healey was the team's radio broadcaster. [4] The Vulcans to this day are reviled in the Akron community due to the actions of the team's owner, Frank Hurn, who had established the franchise with Chicago mafia money, swindled many of the local businessmen and athletes who supported the team and would develop a track record of con-artistry long beyond his time in Akron. Doak Walker, Tobin Rote and Lou Rymkus, the team's coaches, ended up investing some of their own money to keep the team (which was losing $25,000 a week) afloat. [5] Ned Endress also had involvement with the coaching staff. The team's logo was a stylized, elongated A above a V, a football with flames shooting out. Not dissimilar to that of the Tennessee Titans. Local radio station WHLO ran a 'water boy' contest for the Vulcans, with the winner receiving a sideline pass to the Rubber Bowl, as well as an autographed water bucket, emblazoned with that logo. The winner never got the bucket, though, as Hurn pulled up stakes after four games. [6]
The Alabama Hawks were members of the CFL during the league's last two years, 1968-1969. [7] The team was in the Eastern Division of the Atlantic Conference. During the 1968 season, the team was also known as the Huntsville Hawks. [8] The Hawks sent several notable players on to the NFL including Jeff Van Note, Chip Myers, and Glen Condren, in part because of an unofficial farm team affiliation with the Atlanta Falcons (the Falcons rookies and the Hawks actually played an interleague preseason game in 1969, which the Falcons won 55–0).
The Arkansas Diamonds began play in 1968 and folded in the CFL's last season, 1969
The Brooklyn Dodgers, although under the general managership of the baseball Dodgers legend Jackie Robinson, [9] failed to attract at the gates. The Dodgers affiliated with the Liberty Football Conference's Long Island Jets in 1966). [10] The franchise became a league-operated "road club" early in the season and its remnants were sold to Frank Hurn (see "Akron Vulcans" above).
The Charleston Rockets won the 1965 league championship, defeating the Toronto Rifles by a score of 24-7. Charleston's Coy Bacon, 1966 ContFL All-Star end, went on to play for the NFL's Los Angeles Rams, San Diego Chargers, Cincinnati Bengals and Washington Redskins.
Successors to the Indianapolis Warriors of the United Football League. Moved to Montreal in 1966.
Based at Dillon Stadium in Hartford, Connecticut, the Charter Oaks had among their players Mel Meeks, a power running back who had set a minor league rushing record (1460 yards in a season) in 1964 when in the Atlantic Coast Football League. His time with the Oaks was a relatively disappointing one, with only 512 yards in two seasons, but he remained in Hartford after the Charter Oaks disbanded, becoming a member of its replacement, the ACFL's Hartford Knights. [11]
Midway through the 1969 season, the Hawaii franchise moved to Portland, Oregon
The Indianapolis Capitols won the 1969 league championship, defeating the San Antonio Toros by a score of 44-28 in overtime. After the league disbanded, the team moved to the Atlantic Coast Football League but ultimately folded in 1971.
After the league disbanded, the team moved to the Atlantic Coast Football League but ultimately folded in 1971.
The first, and last to date, professional football team to be based in Mexico. The team was based in Monterrey.
Garo Yepremian, at the time the former placekicker for the Detroit Lions, served as placekicker for the first part of the season before leaving for the U.S. Army. He later found Super Bowl fame in the NFL as a member of the Miami Dolphins.
Played at Verdun Municipal Stadium. Marvin Bass was the head coach.
After the league disbanded, the team moved to the Atlantic Coast Football League but ultimately folded in 1971.
The Ramblers are best known for their credited guest appearance in the 1968 film Skidoo , in which the team played the role of the Green Bay Packers— naked.
The Orlando Panthers won the 1967 league championship, defeating the Orange County Ramblers by a score of 38-14. The Orlando Panthers won the 1968 league championship, defeating the Orange County Ramblers by a score of 30-23. Don Jonas, Orlando Panthers quarterback, was a dominant force in the ContFL for four seasons before joining the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League (CFL). Jonas led Orlando to the 1967 and 1968 ContFL championships, and was named the league's Most Valuable Player for each season. He also paced the Panthers to the 1966 championship game, which they lost to Philadelphia in overtime; and to the ContFL semifinal game in 1969. After the league disbanded, the team moved to the Atlantic Coast Football League but ultimately folded in 1971.
The Philadelphia Bulldogs won the 1966 league championship, defeating the Orlando Panthers by a score of 20-17 in overtime. [12] Successor to the "Canton Bulldogs," also known as the "Cleveland Bulldogs" (unrelated to the NFL teams of the same name) of the United Football League.
The Quad Cities franchise moved to Las Vegas midway through the 1968 season.
The San Jose Apaches were coached by Bill Walsh, who later achieved great success as the three-time Super Bowl-winning coach of the NFL's San Francisco 49ers.
The Spokane Shockers started the 1968 season with a young quarterback named Ken Stabler, who later achieved great success with the Oakland Raiders of the NFL.
Before the season began, the Springfield, Massachusetts, franchise moved to Norfolk, Virginia. The Norfolk club went on to become the most successful team in the league at the box office and held several minor league attendance records throughout the 1960s and 1970s.
Successor to the Quebec Rifles of the United Football League. First Canadian-based professional team to play by American football rules.
One of three Continental Football League teams to be based in Canada (Victoria, British Columbia), the Steelers are the only professional football team in Victoria's history. Originally in the Pacific Football League in 1966.
The Orange Tornadoes and Newark Tornadoes were two manifestations of a long-lived professional American football franchise that existed in some form from 1887 to 1941 and from 1958 to 1970, having played in the American Amateur Football Union from 1888 to 1895, the National Football League from 1929 to 1930, the American Association from 1936 to 1941, the Atlantic Coast Football League from 1963 to 1964 and 1970, and the Continental Football League from 1965 to 1969. The team was based for most of its history in Orange, New Jersey, with many of its later years in Newark. Its last five seasons of existence were as the Orlando Panthers, when the team was based in Orlando, Florida. The NFL franchise was sold back to the league in October 1930. The team had four head coaches in its two years in the NFL – Jack Depler in Orange, and Jack Fish, Al McGall and Andy Salata in Newark.
Below is a list of professional football Championship Games in the United States, involving:
The Continental Football League (COFL) was a professional American football minor league that operated in North America from 1965 through 1969. It was established following the collapse of the original United Football League, and hoped to become the major force in professional football outside the National Football League (NFL) and the American Football League (AFL). It owed its name, at least in part, to the Continental League, a proposed third Major League Baseball organization that influenced MLB significantly, although they never played a game.
The Atlantic Coast Football League (ACFL) was a professional American football minor league that operated from 1962 to 1973. Until 1969, many of its franchises had working agreements with NFL and AFL teams to serve as farm clubs. The league paid a base salary of $100 per game and had 36 players on each active roster.
Donald Walter Jonas is a former American football player and coach. Jonas played in the American minor leagues (semi-pro) and the Canadian Football League (CFL). He was also the first head coach of the UCF Knights (1979–1981).
The Alabama Hawks were a professional American football team based in Huntsville, Alabama. They were members of various minor league football circuits in the 1960s: the Southern Football League (1963–64); the North American Football League (1965–66), the Professional Football League of America (1967), and finally the Continental Football League during the league's last two years (1968–1969). While in the CoFL, the Hawks played in the Eastern Division of the Atlantic Conference. During the 1968 season, the team was also known as the Huntsville Hawks.
Robert James Gaiters was an American professional football player who was a halfback in the National Football League (NFL).
The Toronto Rifles were a minor-league professional American football team active between 1964 and 1967. It was based in Toronto, Ontario. The team's home fields were Maple Leaf Stadium (1965) and Varsity Stadium from 1966 to 1967. The team was owned by Montreal businessman Johnny Newman.
The Orlando Panthers were a professional American football team based in Orlando, Florida. Founded in 1958 as the Franklin Miners, the team spent its first four years in the Eastern Football Conference, then three further years in the Atlantic Coast Football League (ACFL) before moving to the Continental Football League (COFL) in 1965. The franchise moved from Newark, New Jersey to Orlando in 1966 and found success on the field as the Panthers. However, while the team won the COFL championship twice they were plagued by financial difficulties. The team jumped back to the ACFL in 1970 but were suspended by the league after the season.
Guy Gilbert Gibbs Jr. is a former American football quarterback in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys and Detroit Lions. He played college football at Texas Christian University.
The Indianapolis Capitols were a professional American football team based in Indianapolis, Indiana. They played in the Continental Football League from 1968 to 1969 and Midwest Football League from 1972 to 1974 and 1977 to 1978.
The Philadelphia Bulldogs were a professional American football team based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania that played in the Continental Football League beginning in 1965. Their regular season games were played at Temple Stadium and in December 1966 they won the league title there by a 20–17 score in overtime against the Orlando Panthers after finishing the regular season 9–5 and tied for the East Division lead with the Toronto Rifles. The winning field goal was kicked by former NFL/Canadian FL player Jamie Caleb. The team disbanded in 1967. The 1966 team was coached by Wayne Hardin, who also coached Temple University afterwards and had come to the Bulldogs from the Naval Academy. The starting quarterback throughout the team's tenure was Bob Brodhead, who was later athletic director at Louisiana State University. The Bulldogs were ranked 21st of the top 25 Philadelphia championship teams of all time in 2011.
The Brooklyn Dodgers were a football team that played one season in the minor Continental Football League in 1966. They were not related to the former National Football League or All-America Football Conference clubs of that name.
The Orange County Ramblers were a professional football team that competed in the Continental Football League from 1967 to 1968. The Ramblers played their home games in Santa Ana, California and Anaheim, California. The team was coached both seasons by Homer Beatty, who had won a small college national title at Santa Ana College in 1962.
The Jersey Jays were a professional American football minor league team based in Jersey City, New Jersey. They began play in 1969 as a member of the Continental Football League, and were a farm team of the NFL's Cleveland Browns. The Jays played their home games in Newark Schools Stadium in 1969.
James William Hayes was an American football defensive lineman who played for two seasons in the American Football League (AFL) for the Houston Oilers. After playing college football for Jackson State, he signed with the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League (NFL) in 1963. He also played for the Charleston Rockets of the United Football League, Indianapolis Capitols of the Continental Football League and Atlantic Coast Football League, and Columbus Bucks / Barons of the Midwest Football League.
Art Strahan is a former American football player who played defensive end/defensive tackle for the Houston Oilers, Atlanta Falcons, Orlando Panthers, and Alabama Hawks.
MILEPOSTS—LAUNCHED: The Continental League, a 10-team professional football league to be made up mostly of bits and pieces from the Atlantic Coast and United (now defunct) Football Leagues.
HIRED: JACKIE ROBINSON, 47, former Brooklyn Dodger baseball star, as general manager of the new Brooklyn Dodger professional football team of the Continental League.
Jamie Caleb kicked a 10-yard field goal after 9:15 of sudden-death overtime to give the PHILADELPHIA BULLDOGS a 20-17 victory over the Orlando Panthers in the league's championship game.