List of Mars landers

The following table is a list of successful and unsuccessful Mars landers. As of 2022, 21 lander missions and 8 sub-landers (Rovers and Penetrators) attempted to land on Mars. Of 21 landers, the Curiosity rover and Perseverance rover are currently in operation on Mars.

Mars landers

List of Mars landers

S.No	Landers	Launch date	Landing date	Mass (kg) [1]	Landing site	Region	Status	Country	MOLA	Entry velocity	References
1.	Mars 2MV-3 No.1	04 Nov 1962	25 Nov 1962	890	-	-	Failure	Soviet Union	-	-	[2]
2.	Mars 2	19 May 1971	27 Nov 1971	1210	45°S 47°E♦	-	Failure	Soviet Union	-	-	[3] [4]
3.	Mars 3	28 May 1971	02 Dec 1971	1210	45°S 202°E♦	Sirenum Terra	Partial success	Soviet Union	-	5.7 km/sec	[5] [4]
4.	Mars 6	05 Aug 1973	12 Mar 1974	635	23.90°S 19.4°W	Margaritifer Terra	Failure	Soviet Union	-	-	[6] [4]
5.	Mars 7	09 Aug 1973	-	635	-	-	Failure	Soviet Union	-	-	[7] [4]
6.	Viking 1	20 Aug 1975	20 Jul 1976	572	22.27°N 47.95°W	Chryse Planitia	Success	USA	-3.5	4.61 km/sec	[8]
7.	Viking 2	09 Sep 1975	03 Sep 1976	572	47.64°N 225.71°W	Utopia Planitia	Success	USA	-3.5	4.61 km/sec	[9]
8.	Phobos 1 §	07 Jul 1988	-	2600†	-	-	Failure	Soviet Union	-	-	[10]
9.	Phobos 2 §	12 Jul 1987	-	2600†	-	-	Failure	Soviet Union	-	-	[10]
10.	Mars 96	16 Nov 1996	-	3159	-	-	Failure	Russia	-	-	[11]
11.	Mars Pathfinder	04 Dec 1996	04 Jul 1997	361	19°7′48″ N 33°18′12″W	Ares Vallis	Success	USA	-2.5	7.26 km/sec	[12] [13]
12.	Mars Polar Lander	03 Jan 1999	03 Dec 1999	583	76°S 195°W	Ultimi Scopuli	Failure	USA	-3.0	6.91 km/sec	[14] [15]
13.	Beagle 2	02 Jun 2003	25 Dec 2003	33.2	11.5265°N 90.4295°E	Isidis Planitia	Failure	United Kingdom	-	5.63 km/sec	[16] [17]
14.	Spirit rover	10 Jun 2003	4 Jan 2004	174	14.5684°S 175.4726°E	Gusev Crater	Success	USA	-1.9	5.4 km/sec	[18] [19] [20]
15.	Opportunity rover	07 Jul 2003	25 Jan 2004	174	1.9462°S 354.4743°E	Meridiani Planum	Success	USA	-1.4	5.5 km/sec	[18] [21] [20]
16.	Phoenix lander	04 Aug 2007	25 May 2008	350	68.22°N 125.7°W	Vastitas Borealis	Success	USA	-3.5	5.59 km/sec	[12]
17.	Curiosity rover	26 Nov 2011	6 Aug 2012	899	4.5895°S 137.4417°E	Gale Crater	Operational	USA	2.0	5.6 km/sec	[22] [23] [20]
18.	Schiaparelli EDM	14 Mar 2016	19 Oct 2016	577	2.052°S 6.208°W	Meridiani Planum	Failure	ESA/ Russia	1.45	5.83 km/sec	[24]
19.	InSight Mars Lander	5 May 2018	26 Nov 2018	727	4.5°N 135.9°E	Elysium Planitia	Success	USA	-2.5	6.3 km/sec	[25]
20.	Perseverance rover	30 Jul 2020	18 Feb 2021	1,025	18.4447°N 77.4508°E	Jezero crater	Operational	USA	-	-	[26]
21.	Tianwen-1	23 July 2020	14 May 2021	240	25.1°N, 109.7°E	Utopia Planitia	Success	China	-	4.8 km/sec	[27]

^§ - Spacecraft intended for Martian moons (Phobos and Deimos), ^†Entry Mass, ^♦ Estimated, MOLA - Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter

List of sub-landers onboard Mars landers

S.No	Sub-Landers	Type	Lander Slot	Launch Date	Mass (kg)	Status	References
1.	PrOP-M	Rover	Mars 2	19 May 1971	4.5	Failure	[3] [4]
2.	PrOP-M	Rover	Mars 3	28 May 1971	4.5	Not deployed	[4] [5]
3.	Mars 96	Penetrator	Mars 96	16 Nov 1996	88	Failure	[11]
4.	Deep Space 2	Penetrator	Mars Polar Lander	03 Jan 1999	2.4	Failure	[14] [15]
5.	Sojourner	Rover	Mars Pathfinder	04 Dec 1996	11.5	Success	[12] [13]
6.	Mars helicopter Ingenuity	UAV Helicopter	Mars 2020 Perseverance rover	30 Jul 2021	1.8	Success
7.	Zhurong	Rover	Tianwen-1	23 Jul 2021	240	Success
8.	Tianwen-1 Remote camera	Camera	Zhurong rover	1 June 2021	<1	Success

Future proposed Mars lander missions

List of future proposed Mars lander missions

Lander	Proposed Launch	Country	Agency	Type	Sub-Lander	References
Mars MetNet Precursor	?	Finland	FMI	Impact Lander	-	[28]
Mars MetNet	?	Finland	FMI	Multi-lander	-	[29]
Mars Lander	2045	South Korea	KARI	Lander	-	[30]
Icebreaker	2026	US	NASA	Lander	-	[31]
Martian Moons Exploration	2026	Japan	JAXA	Lander	Sample Return	[32]
Phootprint	2024	Europe	ESA	Lander	Ascent Stage	[33]
Fobos-Grunt (Repeat)	2024	Russia	ROSCOSMOS	Lander	Ascent Stage	[34]
Mars-Grunt	2024	Russia	ROSCOSMOS	Lander	-	[1]
BOLD	2020	US	NASA	Impact Lander	6-Impact Lander	[35]

(view • discuss)

Interactive image map of the global topography of Mars, overlaid with the position of Martian rovers and landers. Orange indicates active rovers, coloring of the base map indicates relative elevations of Martian surface.

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Clickable image:Clicking on the labels will open a new article.

(  Active •   Inactive)

(See also: Mars map; Mars Memorials list)

Beagle 2

Curiosity

Deep Space 2

InSight

Mars 2

Mars 3

Mars 6

Mars Polar Lander ↓

Opportunity

Perseverance

Phoenix

Schiaparelli EDM

Sojourner

Spirit

Zhurong

Viking 1

Viking 2

See also

• List of artificial objects on Mars
• Lists of spacecraft

References

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