List of Ranunculus species

Last updated

Ranunculus is a genus of about 1,700 species of plants in the Ranunculaceae. [1] Members of the genus include the buttercups, spearworts and water crowfoots.

Contents

Selected species

A

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus abaensis W. T. Wang = R. indivisus var. abaensis [2]
Ranunculus abchasicus Freyn ex Sommier & Levier [3] [4]
Ranunculus abnormis Cutanda & Willk. Ranunculus abnormis 1.jpg
Ranunculus abortivus L.
  • var. abortivus
  • var. australisBrandegee
  • ssp. acrolasius(Fernald) Kapoor & Löve = R. abortivus
  • var. acrolasiusFernald = R. abortivus
  • var. eucyclusFernald = R. abortivus
  • var. indivisusFernald = R. abortivus
  • var. harveyiA. Gray = R. harveyi [5]
  • Little-leaf buttercup
  • Small-flower crowfoot
  • Kidney-leaf buttercup
  • Small-flowered buttercup
  • North America
Ranunculus abortivus 003.jpg
Ranunculus acaulis DC. [6]
  • Dune buttercup
  • Sand buttercup
  • Shore buttercup
  • New Zealand
Ranunculus acer auct. = Ranunculus acris
Ranunculus acetosellifolius Boiss.
  • Southwestern Europe
Ranunculus aconitifolius L.
  • Aconite-leaf buttercup
  • Europe
Ranunculus aconitifolius1.jpg
Ranunculus acraeus Heenan & P.J.Lockh.
  • New Zealand
Ranunculus acriformis A.Gray [7]
  • Sharpleaf buttercup
  • North America
  • var. acriformis
  • Sharpleaf buttercup
  • Autumn buttercup [9]
  • Autumn sharp buttercup
  • Autumn-fir buttercup
  • Fall buttercup
  • var. montanensis(Rydb.) L.D.Benson
  • Mountain sharp buttercup
Ranunculus acris L.
  • var. acris
  • var. frigidusRegel
  • Common buttercup
  • Meadow buttercup
  • Tall buttercup
  • Temperate Eurasia
Ranunculus acris1.jpg
Ranunculus acutidentatus Rupr. = Ranunculus acutilobus
Ranunculus acutilobus Ledeb.
Ranunculus adoneus A.Gray
  • var. adoneus
  • var. alpinus(S.Watson) L.D.Benson
  • ssp. huetiiP.H.Davis
  • Alpine buttercup
  • North America (Rocky Mountains)
Ranunculus adoxifolius Hand.-Mazz.
Ranunculus aduncus Gren.
Ranunculus aestivalis (L.D.Benson) Van Buren & K.T.Harper = R. acriformis var. aestivalis [8] [9]
Ranunculus ageri Bertol.
Ranunculus albertii Regel & Schmalh.
Ranunculus alismellus(A. Gray) Greene = R. alismifolius var. alismellus
Ranunculus alismifolius Geyer ex Benth.
  • var. alismellusA. Gray
  • var. alismifolius
  • var. davisiiL. D. Benson
  • var. hartwegii(Greene) Jeps.
  • var. lemmonii(A. Gray) L. D. Benson
  • var. montanusS. Watson
  • Plantainleaf buttercup
  • Western North America
Ranunculusalismifolius.jpg
Ranunculus allegheniensis Britton
  • Allegheny Mountain buttercup
  • Eastern North America
Ranunculus allegheniensis 1913.png
Ranunculus allenii B.L.Rob.
  • Allen's buttercup
  • Northern Canada
Ranunculus alpestris L.
  • Alpine buttercup
  • Europe
Ranunculus alpestris 070707a.jpg
Ranunculus ambigens S.Watson
  • Waterplantain spearwort
  • Eastern North America
Ranunculus amphitrichus Colenso
  • Small river buttercup
  • Southeastern Australia
Ranunculus amphitrichus Colenso (AM AK339522).jpg
Ranunculus amplexicaulis L.
  • Clasping-leaf buttercup
  • Iberian Peninsula [11]
Ranunculus amplexicaulis.2 IMG 2013.jpg
Ranunculus amplus N.G.Walsh & B.G.Briggs [12]
  • Lacey River buttercup
  • Victoria, Australia
Ranunculus andersonii A. Gray
  • var. andersonii
  • var. juniperinus(Jones) S.L.Welsh
  • var. tenellusS.Watson
  • Anderson's buttercup
  • Western United States
Ranunculus anemoneus F.Muell.
  • Anemone buttercup [13]
  • Alpine regions of southeastern Australia
Ranunculus anemonifoliusauct. = Ranunculus elegans
Ranunculus aquatilis L.
  • var. aquatilis
  • var. arcticusDurand
  • var. diffususWith.
  • Common water-crowfoot
  • White water-crowfoot
  • Europe
  • Africa
  • North America
Ranunculus aquatilis bluete.jpeg
Ranunculus arizonicus Lemmon ex A. Gray
  • var. arizonicus
  • var. subsagittatusA. Gray
  • var. subaffinisA. Gray
    = R. inamoenus var. subaffinis
  • Arizona buttercup
  • Southwestern United States
  • Mexico
Ranunculus arvensis L.
  • var. arvensis
  • var. tuberculatus DC.
  • var. echinatissimus(Blatt.) Qureshi & Chaudhri = R. arvensis
  • Corn buttercup
  • Devil-on-all-sides
  • Scratch bur
  • Europe
Acker-Hahnenfuss-Blute.jpg
Ranunculus asiaticus L.
  • Persian buttercup
  • Persian crowfoot
  • Asian buttercup
Ranunculus asiaticus4LEST.jpg
Ranunculus auricomus L.
  • Goldilocks buttercup
  • Greenland buttercup
  • Northern Eurasia
  • Greenland
Ranunculus auricomus0.jpg
Ranunculus austro-oreganus L. D. Benson
  • Southern Oregon buttercup

B

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus barceloi Grau (1984)
Ranunculus baudotii
Ranunculus bilobus Bertol. Ranunculus bilobus Atlas Alpenflora.jpg
Ranunculus biternatus Sm.
  • Antarctic buttercup
  • Patagonia
  • Subantarctic islands
Ranunculus biternatus - panoramio.jpg
Ranunculus bonariensis Poir.
  • Carter's buttercup
  • Chile,
  • Argentina
  • Central California
Ranunculus borealis Trautv.
Ranunculus bulbosus L.
  • St Anthony's turnip
  • Bulbous buttercup
  • Europe
Ranunculus bulbosus closeup.jpg
Ranunculus bullatus
  • Autumn buttercup
  • Mediterranean region
Ranunculus bullatus.JPG
Ranunculus bupleuroides Ranunculus bupleuroides (Picos de Europa) GF.jpg

C

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus californicus Benth.
  • California buttercup
  • California
Ranunculus-californicus2.jpg
Ranunculus canus Benth.
  • Sacramento Valley buttercup
  • California
Ranunculus cardiophyllus Hook.
  • Heartleaf buttercup
  • Western North America
Ranunculus carinthiacus
  • Carinthian buttercup
  • Europe
Ranunculus carinthiacus 2.jpg
Ranunculus cassubicifolius
  • Europe
Ranunculus cassubicifolius 040508b.jpg
Ranunculus cassubicus
  • Kashubian buttercup
  • Eastern Europe
Ranunculus cassubicus2.jpg
Ranunculus caucasicus Jaskier kaukaski Ranunculus caucasicus.jpg
Ranunculus circinatus
  • Fan-leaved water-crowfoot
  • Europe
Ranunculus circinatus LC0114.jpg
Ranunculus clivicola B.G.Briggs
  • Alpine regions of southeastern Australia
Ranunculus coloradensis (L. Benson) L. Benson
Ranunculus cordiger Viviani
Ranunculus cortusifolius Willd.
  • Azores buttercup
Ranunculus crassipes
  • Subantarctic buttercup
  • Subantarctic region

D

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus degenii Kümmerle & Jáv.
Ranunculus demissus DC.
Ranunculus densiciliatus W. T. Wang
Ranunculus dichotomus Moc. & Sessé ex DC.
Ranunculus dielsianus Ulbr.
Ranunculus diffusus DC.
Ranunculus dingjieensis L. Liou
Ranunculus dissectifolius F.Muell.
  • Alpine regions of southeastern Australia
Ranunculus dissectus M.Bieb.
Ranunculus distans Royle
Ranunculus dongrergensis Hand.-Mazz.
Ranunculus donianus Pritz.

E

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus elegans C. Koch
Ranunculus eschscholtzii Schltdl.
  • var. eschscholtzii
  • var. eximius(Greene) L.D.Benson
  • var. helleri(Rydb.) L.D. Benson
  • var. oxynotus(A. Gray) Jeps.
  • var. suksdorfii(A. Gray) L.D. Benson
  • var. trisectus(Eastw. ex B.L. Rob.) L.D.
  • var. adoneus(A.Gray) C.L.Hitchcock
    = Ranunculus adoneus
  • var. alpinus(S.Watson) C.L.Hitchcock
    = Ranunculus adoneus
  • Eschscholtz's buttercup
  • Western North America
Ranunculus eschscholtzii 6244.JPG
Ranunculus extensus (Hook. f.) Schilbe. ex Engl.

F

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus falcatus auct. non L.]
  • Curveseed butterwort
Ceratocephala testiculata frs 2005-04-02.jpg
Ranunculus fallax
  • Europe
Ranunculus fallax Kevatlehtoleinikki IM8885 C.JPG
Ranunculus fascicularis
  • Early buttercup
  • Eastern North America
Ranunculus fascicularis.jpg
Ranunculus flabellaris
  • Yellow water buttercup
  • North America
Ranunculus flabellaris 1.jpg
Ranunculus flammula
  • Lesser spearwort
Ranunculus flammula.jpeg
Ranunculus fluitans
  • River water-crowfoot
  • Europe
Ranunculus fluitans.jpg

G

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus glaberrimus
  • Sagebrush buttercup
  • Interior western North America
MDF Ranunculus glaberrimus 01.jpg
Ranunculus glacialis
  • Glacier crowfoot
  • Glacier buttercup
  • Arctic-alpine Europe
  • Siberia
  • Alaska
Ranunculus glacialis (habitus).jpg
Ranunculus gmelinii
  • Gmelin's buttercup
  • North America
Ranunculus gmelinii.jpg
Ranunculus gormanii
  • Gorman's buttercup
  • Oregon
  • Northern California
Ranunculus gramineus
  • Grassy-leaved buttercup
  • Southern Europe
Ranunculus gramineus0.jpg

H

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus harveyi (A. Gray) Britton [14]
  • var. australis(Brand) L.D. Benson
  • Harvey's buttercup [15]
  • south-central U.S.
Ranunculus hebecarpus Delicate buttercupWestern North America Ranunculushebecarpus.jpg
Ranunculus hederaceus Ivy-leaved crowfootEurope RanunculusHederaceus.jpg
Ranunculus hispidus
  • Bristly buttercup
  • Hispid buttercup
  • Swamp buttercup
Eastern North America Swamp Buttercup (Ranunculus).jpg
Ranunculus hybridus Hybrid buttercupEuropean Alps Ranunculus hybridus.jpg
Ranunculus hydrocharoides
  • Frogbit buttercup
  • Frog's bit buttercup
Western North America
Ranunculus hyperboreus Rottb.High northern buttercupNorthern North America Ranunculus hyperboreus upernavik 2007-08-01 1.jpg

I

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus illyricus L.
= R. alexeenkoiGrossh.
= R. meridionalisGrossh. [16]
Eastern Europe Ranunculus illyricus 1.jpg
Ranunculus indivisus (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz.
  • var. abaensis(W. T. Wang) W. T. Wang
  • var. indivisus [17]
Ranunculus insignis Hook.f.KorikoriNew Zealand Ranunculus insignis kz05.jpg
Ranunculus inundatus R.Br. ex DC.river buttercupSoutheastern Australia

J

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus japonicus Thunb.
  • mao gen
  • China
Ranunculus japonicus 8.jpg
Ranunculus jovis
  • Utah buttercup
  • Mountain west United States
Ranunculusjovis.jpg

K

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus kadzusensis
  • Asia
Ranunculus kuepferi Ranunculus kuepferi.jpg

L

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus lanuginosus L.
  • Ranunculus umbrosusTen.
  • Woolly buttercup
  • Downy buttercup
  • Europe
Ranunculus lanuginosus W.jpg
Ranunculus lappaceus
  • Australian buttercup
  • Eastern Australia
Ranunculus lappaceus.jpg
Ranunculus lapponicus
  • Lapland buttercup
  • Arctic
Ranunculus lapponicus.jpg
Ranunculus lingua
  • Greater spearwort
  • Eurasia
Ranunculus lingua A.jpg
Ranunculus lobbii
  • Lobb's buttercup
  • Lobb's aquatic butterup
  • Western North America
Ranunculus longirostris Godr. =
R. aquatilis var. diffususWith. [18]
  • Longbeak buttercup
  • White water-crowfoot
  • North America
Ranunculus luminarius
  • Italy
Ranunculus lyallii
  • Mount Cook Lily
  • Mount Cook buttercup
  • Mountain buttercup
  • New Zealand
MtCookLily.jpg

M

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus macounii
  • Macoun's buttercup
  • North America
Ranunculusmacounii.jpg
Ranunculus macranthus
  • Large buttercup
  • North America
Ranunculus macranthus.jpg
Ranunculus macrophyllus
  • Large-leaf buttercup
  • Europe
Ranunculus macrophyllus.JPG
Ranunculus micranthus Nutt.
  • Rock buttercup [19]
  • Small-flowered crowfoot [20]
  • United States
Ranunculus micranthus.jpeg
Ranunculus millefolius Banks & Sol. [21]
  • Jerusalem buttercup [22]
  • Nurit
  • Israel, Lebanon, Syria
Ranunculus montanus
  • mountain buttercup
  • Europe
Ranunculus montanus 2.jpg
Ranunculus monophyllus
  • eastern Europe to subarctic Asia and northern China
Ranunculus monophyllus IMG 3152.jpg
Ranunculus moseleyi
  • Moseley's buttercup
Ranunculus muricatus
  • Spinyfruit buttercup
  • Europe

N

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus nivalis L.
  • Snow buttercup
Ranunculus nipponicus

O

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus obtusiusculus Raf.
Ranunculus occidentalis
  • Western buttercup
  • Western North America
Ranunculus occidentalis 39003.JPG
Ranunculus ophioglossifolius
  • Badgeworth Buttercup
  • Europe
Ranunculus orthorhynchus
  • Straightbeak buttercup
  • Western North America
Ranunculus oz Christenh. & Byng
  • Australia

P

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus pachyrrhizus Hook.f.
  • New Zealand
Ranunculus papulentus
  • Large River buttercup
  • Southeastern Australia
Ranunculus parviflorus
  • Smallflower buttercup
  • Europe
Nsr-slika-035.png
Ranunculus pauperculusOvcz.
= R. eschscholtzii
  • Eschscholtz's buttercup
  • Western North America
Ranunculus pedatifidus
  • Birdfoot buttercup
  • Northern buttercup
  • Surefoot buttercup
  • Asia
  • North America
Ranunculus peduncularis
  • South America
Ranunculus peltatus
  • Pond water crowfoot
  • Europe
  • Southwestern Asia
  • Northern Africa
RanunculusPeltatus2.jpg
Ranunculus penicillatus
  • Europe
  • Morocco
Ranunculus penicillatus ssp. pseudofluitans
  • Southern UK (chalk streams)
Ranunculus pensylvanicus
  • Pennsylvania buttercup
  • North America
Ranunculus pimpinellifolius Hook.
  • Bog buttercup
  • Eastern Australia
Ranunculus pimpinellifolius.jpg
Ranunculus pinguis
  • New Zealand (Auckland and Campbell Islands)
Ranunculus platanifolius
  • Large white buttercup
Ranunculus platanifolius kds 02.jpg
Ranunculus polyanthemos
  • Multiflowered buttercup
  • Europe
  • Central Asia
  • Siberia
Ranunculus populago
  • Popular buttercup
  • Mountain Buttercup
  • Pacific Northwest United States
Ranunculus pusillus
  • Low spearwort
  • Eastern United States
Ranunculus pusillus NRCS-1.jpg
Ranunculus pygmaeus
  • Pygmy buttercup
  • Circumpolar Arctic
Pigmybuttercup2.jpg
Ranunculus pyrenaeus
  • Pyrenean buttercup
  • Andorra
  • France
  • Spain
Ranunculus pyrenaeus.jpg

R

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus radicans
  • Siberia to northern China
Ranunculus radicans 01.jpg
Ranunculus recurvatus
  • Hooked crowfoot
  • Hooked buttercup
  • Eastern North America
Hooked buttercup (25028393305).jpg
Ranunculus repens
  • Creeping buttercup
  • Eurasia
  • Northwestern Africa
Creeping butercup close 800.jpg
Ranunculus reptans
  • R. flammula var. filiformis
  • Greater creeping spearwort
  • North America
Ranunculus reptans 2.JPG
Ranunculus rhomboideus
  • Prairie Buttercup
  • North America
Prairie Buttercup.jpg

S

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus sardous
  • Hairy buttercup
  • Sardinian buttercup
  • Europe
Ranunculus sardous detail.jpeg
Ranunculus sceleratus
  • Cursed buttercup
  • Celery-leaved buttercup
  • Eurasia
  • North America
Ranunculus sceleratus(02).jpg
Ranunculus seguieri
  • Seguier's buttercup
  • Southeastern Europe
Ranunculus seguieri ENBLA01.JPG
Ranunculus septentrionalis
  • Swamp buttercup
  • Eastern North America
Swamp buttercup at Warren Dunes (2504578898).jpg
Ranunculus sericophyllus Hook.f.
  • Silky alpine buttercup [23]
  • Feathery-leaved buttercup [24]
  • New Zealand
Ranunculus siamensis
  • Thailand, India, Nepal, Myanmar and Indochina
Ranunculus siamensis.png
Ranunculus sieboldii
  • Asia
Ranunculus silerifolius
  • Eastern Asia
Ranunculus silerifolius.jpg
Ranunculus subrigidus W.B.Drew
= R. aquatilis var. diffusus
  • White water-crowfoot
Ranunculus sulphureus Sol. ex C.J. Phipps
  • var. altaica(Laxm.) Trautv.
  • var. sulphureus
  • var. albertii(Regel & Schmalh.) Maxim.
    = R. alberti
  • var. intercedensHultén
    = R. sulphureus
  • Sulphur buttercup
  • Alaska
  • Canada
  • Greenland
Ranunculus sulphureus (Longyearbyen).JPG

T

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus thora L.
  • Tora buttercup
  • Europe
Ranunculus thora a1.jpg
Ranunculus trichophyllusChaix ex Vill. = R. aquatilis var. diffususWith.
Ranunculus trilobus Desf.
  • Threelobe buttercup [25]
  • Mediterranean
Ranunculus triternatus A. Gray
Ranunculus trivedii Aswal & Mehrotra
  • Himalayas
Ranunculus turneri Greene

U

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus uncinatus D.Don
  • Woodland buttercup
  • Little buttercup
  • Western North America
Ranunculus uncinatus 1383.JPG

V

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus velutinus Ten.
Ranunculus venetus Huter ex Landolt
Ranunculus verticillatus
  • Lobe-leaf buttercup
  • New Zealand
Ranunculus verticillatus Kirk (AM AK297306).jpg
Ranunculus victoriensis B.G.Briggs
  • Victorian Buttercup
Ranunculus viridis H. D. Wilson et Garn.-Jones
  • Mt Allen buttercup
Mt-allen-buttercup-390.jpg
Ranunculus vjatkensis Tzvelev
  • European Russia
Ranunculus vjatkensis.jpg

W

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus wangianus Q. E. Yang
Ranunculus weddellii Lourteig
Ranunculus wettsteinii Dörfl.
Ranunculus weyleri Marès

X

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus xinningensis W. T. Wang

Y

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus yanshanensis W.T.Wang
Ranunculus yaoanus W.T.Wang
Ranunculus yechengensis W. T. Wang
Ranunculus yinshanicus (Y. Z. Zhao) Y. Z. Zhao
Ranunculus yunnanensis Franch.

Z

Species & synonymsCommon namesNative rangeIllustration
Ranunculus zhungdianensis W. T. Wang

References

General

Specific

  1. "Ranunculus L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-03-27.
  2. R. abaensis Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 21 December 2011
  3. R. abchasicus Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 21 December 2011
  4. R. abchasicus International Plant Names Index (IPNI). 21 December 2011
  5. R. abortivus Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 21 December 2011
  6. R. acaulis International Plant Names Index (IPNI) 21 December 2011
  7. NRCS. "Ranunculus acriformis". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 21 December 2011.
  8. 1 2 3 "Ranunculus acriformis var. aestivalis". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 21 January 2018.
  9. 1 2 3 var. aestivalis Flora of North America, Vol. 3. 21 December 2011
  10. var. aestivalis Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 21 December 2011
  11. R. amplexicaulis Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
  12. "Flora of Victoria". VicFlora. Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  13. "Ranunculus anemoneus". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 21 January 2018.
  14. R. harveyi Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 21 Dec 2011
  15. NRCS. "Ranunculus harveyi". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 21 Dec 2011.
  16. R. illyricus Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 21 Dec 2011
  17. R. indivisus Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 21 December 2011
  18. R. longirostris Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 21 December 2011
  19. NRCS. "Ranunculus micranthus". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 19 Dec 2011.
  20. R. micranthus New York Natural Heritage Program. 2011. Online Conservation Guide 19 Dec 2011
  21. R. millefolius BioLib.cz 22 Dec 2011
  22. R. millefolius Flowers in Israel 22 Dec 2011
  23. NZ Plant Conservation Network
  24. UniProt
  25. R. trilobus Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) 22 December 2011