List of dissenting academies (19th century)

Last updated

This is a list of dissenting academies in England and Wales, operating in the 19th century. Over this period the religious disabilities of English Dissenters were lifted within the educational system, and the rationale for the existence of a system of general education parallel to that requiring Church of England beliefs therefore fell away. This provision of general education for Dissenters was one of two functions of the academies, the other being the training of ministers (Presbyterian, Congregationalist, Baptist, Methodist and Unitarian). As the century progressed, there were the administrative changes and migrations seen in the 18th century, but also a gradual merging of some of the stronger dissenting academies into the developing university system. Colleges that were in effect nonconformist seminaries could also become theological institutions within universities. By the end of the century the remaining independent "dissenting" system in practical terms had become a network of nonconformist theological colleges.

See List of dissenting academies (1660–1800) for the earlier history. See also List of English and Welsh endowed schools (19th century) for the parallel system of grammar schools.

List

InstitutionDatesTutorsStudents
Birmingham, Spring Hill College. Founded, under the patronage of George Storer Mansfield (1764–1837) and his two sisters Sarah (1767–1853) and Elizabeth (1772–1847), as a seminary for the Congregational ministry in 1838, and closed in 1886 when the institution moved to Mansfield College, Oxford. [1] The old building became Moseley School.1838–1886 John Massie; [1] Henry Rogers; [2] Thomas Richard Barker. [3] Robert William Dale [4]
Blackburn Academy. Refounded in Whalley Range, Withington, Lancashire, as Lancashire Independent College in 1843, [5] by George Hadfield, Thomas Raffles and William Roby. [6] Later known as Northern Congregational College.
Cheshunt College. [7] Moved to Cheshunt from Trefeca, Wales.1792-1906. In 1906 moved to Cheshunt College, Cambridge.Early presidents were: Isaac Nicholson, Andrew Horne, Richard Owen, Henry Draper, Josiah Richards, John James, William Kemp, Jacob Kirkman Foster. [8] Tutors Joseph Sortain (1838–1850), [9] John Harris (1839–1850); [10] Philip Smith (1840–1850). [11] William Hendry Stowell, president 1850, [12] Henry Robert Reynolds, president 1860-94. [13] Henry Allon.
Hackney Theological College, a Congregational seminary, [14] going by a number of names (Hoxton Academy, Hackney Academy, Highbury College, but see below). It eventually became part of New College, London.1803 George Collison
Madras House school, Hackney [15] 1817 John Allen, Alexander Allen William Smith
Homerton Academy, later merged into New College, London In operation 1800, merged c.1840.
Idle, became Airedale Independent College in 1826. From 1834 in Undercliffe, and from 1877 in Bradford. In 1888 Rotherham and Airedale became Yorkshire United College, Bradford. [16] [17] 1800-1888 William Vint, tutor from 1795; [16] William Benton Clulow; [18] Andrew Martin Fairbairn, principal 1877 to 1886. Robert Harley. [19] Charles Albert Berry, John Kelly, John Waddington.
Manchester Academy; then in York, Manchester again, London, and Oxford. Became Harris Manchester College, Oxford.Operating in 1800.
New College London. [20] It was a Congregational academy formed by the amalgamation of the final form of Daventry Academy as Coward College, Highgate Academy, and Homerton College.1850–1900. In 1900 it became part of the University of London, John Harris, Robert Halley. [21]
Cavendish College, in Manchester, became Nottingham Congregational Institute in 1863. The founder Joseph Parker withdrew after a quarrel in the very early stages (1860–1) and John Brown Paton became principal; John Radford Thomson was also on the teaching staff. [22] [23] In 1921 it became Paton Congregational College. [24]
Penryn, Cornwall 1800–1820 Richard Cope [25] Thomas Byrth, John Nichols Thom. [26] [27]
Rotherham Independent AcademyOpened 1795 [28] Edward Williams to 1813. [29]
Stepney Academy, became ultimately Regent's Park College, Oxford 1810A Baptist foundation, growing out of the Baptist Education Society (1804) set up in London by Abraham Booth and others. [30]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edward Arden</span> English nobleman and head of the Arden family

Edward Arden was an English nobleman and head of the Arden family, who became a Catholic martyr.

<i>Theological Repository</i> Periodical

The Theological Repository was a periodical founded and edited from 1769 to 1771 by the eighteenth-century British polymath Joseph Priestley. Although ostensibly committed to the open and rational inquiry of theological questions, the journal became a mouthpiece for Dissenting, particularly Unitarian and Arian, doctrines.

<i>British Critic</i> 18th/19th-century British journal

The British Critic: A New Review was a quarterly publication, established in 1793 as a conservative and high-church review journal riding the tide of British reaction against the French Revolution. The headquarters was in London. The journal ended publication in 1843.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Conder</span>

John Conder D.D. was an Independent minister at Cambridge who later became President of the Independent College, Homerton in the parish of Hackney near London. John Conder was the theological tutor at Plaisterers' Hall Academy in 1754; and residential tutor and theological tutor at Mile End Academy, then the theological tutor at Homerton Academy.

Matthew Nicholas (1594–1661) was an English Dean of St. Paul's Cathedral, London.

Charles Croke was an English clergyman and Gresham Professor of Rhetoric.

The Socinian controversy in the Church of England was a theological argument on christology carried out by English theologians for around a decade from 1687. Positions that had remained largely dormant since the death in 1662 of John Biddle, an early Unitarian, were revived and discussed, in pamphlet literature.

The Society for Promoting the Knowledge of the Scriptures was a group founded in 1783 in London, with a definite but rather constrained plan for Biblical interpretation. While in practical terms it was mainly concerned with promoting Unitarian views, it was broadly based.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Octagon Chapel, Liverpool</span> Former chapel in England

The Octagon Chapel, Liverpool, was a nonconformist church in Liverpool, England, opened in 1763. It was founded by local congregations, those of Benn's Garden and Kaye Street chapels. The aim was to use a non-sectarian liturgy; Thomas Bentley was a major figure in founding the chapel, and had a hand in the liturgy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Convocation of 1563</span>

The Convocation of 1563 was a significant gathering of English and Welsh clerics that consolidated the Elizabethan religious settlement, and brought the Thirty-Nine Articles close to their final form. It was, more accurately, the Convocation of 1562/3 of the province of Canterbury, beginning in January 1562.

Edward William Grinfield (1785–1864) was an English biblical scholar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Newcome's School</span>

Newcome's School was a fashionable boys' school in Hackney, then to the east of London, founded in the early 18th century. A number of prominent Whig families sent their sons there. The school closed in 1815, and the buildings were gutted in 1820. In 1825 the London Orphan Asylum opened on the site. Today the Clapton Girls' Academy is located here.

The Lieutenant of the Duchy of Aquitaine was an officer charged with governing the Duchy of Aquitaine on behalf of the King of England. Unlike the seneschalcy of Gascony, the lieutenancy was not a permanent office. Lieutenants were appointed in times of emergency, due either to an external threat or internal unrest. The lieutenant had quasi-viceregal authority and so was usually a man of high rank, usually English and often of the royal family.

The Phytologist was a British botanical journal, appearing first as Phytologist: a popular botanical miscellany. It was founded in 1841 as a monthly, edited by George Luxford. Luxford died in 1854, and the title was taken over by Alexander Irvine and William Pamplin, who ran it to 1863 with subtitle "a botanical journal".

References

  1. 1 2 Machin, Ian. "Massie, John". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/58254.(Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. "Rogers, Henry (1806-1877)"  . Dictionary of National Biography . London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  3. "Barker, Thomas Richard"  . Dictionary of National Biography . London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  4. Jones, R. Tudur. "Dale, Robert William". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/7015.(Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  5. Jones, R. Tudur. "Raleigh, Alexander". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/23041.(Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  6. "Hadfield, George (1787-1879)"  . Dictionary of National Biography . London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  7. "The city of Cambridge - Theological colleges | A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume 3 (pp. 139-141)". British-history.ac.uk. 22 June 2003. Retrieved 2 September 2012.
  8. Aaron Crossley Hobart Seymour (1839). The Life and Times of Selina, Countess of Huntingdon. William Edward Painter. p.  536 . Retrieved 19 December 2012.
  9. W. J. Mander, Alan P. F. Sell, Gavin Budge (editors), The Dictionary of Nineteenth-century British Philosophers, Volume 2 (2002), p. 1045.
  10. "Harris, John (1802-1856)"  . Dictionary of National Biography . London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  11. "Smith, Philip"  . Dictionary of National Biography . London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  12. Stowell is in the DNB.
  13. Reynolds is in the DNB.
  14. "Hackney - Protestant Nonconformity | A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 10 (pp. 130-144)". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 2 September 2012.
  15. T.F.T. Baker, ed. (1995). "Hackney: Education". A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 10: Hackney. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 30 October 2012.
  16. 1 2 "Vint, William"  . Dictionary of National Biography . London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  17. Surman Index: Idle Academy Archived 2011-08-30 at the Wayback Machine
  18. "Clulow, William Benton"  . Dictionary of National Biography . London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  19. Lee, Sidney, ed. (1912). "Harley, Robert"  . Dictionary of National Biography (2nd supplement). Vol. 2. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  20. Surman Index: New College, London Archived 2011-08-30 at the Wayback Machine
  21. Halley is in the DNB.
  22. Tudur Jones, R. "Parker, Joseph". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/35386.(Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  23. Lee, Sidney, ed. (1912). "Paton, John Brown"  . Dictionary of National Biography (2nd supplement). Vol. 3. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  24. "Paton Congregational College, Nottingham - The University of Nottingham" . Retrieved 8 July 2014.
  25. "Cope, Richard"  . Dictionary of National Biography . London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  26. Matthew, H. C. G. "Byrth, Thomas". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/4284.(Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  27. Morgan, Basil. "Thom, John Nichols". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27504.(Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  28. rotherhamweb.co.uk/, Rotherham Independent Academy.
  29. Alan P. F. Sell (2004). Philosophy, Dissent and Nonconformity. James Clarke & Co. p. 46. ISBN   978-0-227-67977-7.
  30. Clipsham, E. F. "Booth, Abraham". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2871.(Subscription or UK public library membership required.)