Below is the list of highway tunnels on Turkish motorways.
Name | Motorway | Length [Note 1] | Number of lanes | Province |
---|---|---|---|---|
Harp Akademileri | O-2 | 315 and 315 m (1,033 and 1,033 ft) | 2 x 4 | İstanbul |
Riva | O-7 | 782 and 552 m (2,566 and 1,811 ft) | 2 x 4 | |
Çamlık | 653 and 555 m (2,142 and 1,821 ft) | 2 x 4 | ||
Çatalca-1 | 1,638 and 1,623 m (5,374 and 5,325 ft) | 2 x 4 | ||
Çatalca-2 | 549 and 511 m (1,801 and 1,677 ft) | 2 x 4 | ||
Cebeci | 4,005 and 4,005 m (13,140 and 13,140 ft) | 2 x 4 | ||
KMO 5. Section T1 | 1,406 and 1,406 m (4,613 and 4,613 ft) | 2 x 4 | Kocaeli | |
KMO 5. Section T2 | 4,325 and 4,325 m (14,190 and 14,190 ft) | 2 x 4 | ||
KMO 5. Section T3 | 399 and 399 m (1,309 and 1,309 ft) | 2 x 4 | ||
KMO 5. Section T4 | 2,224 and 2,224 m (7,297 and 7,297 ft) | 2 x 4 | ||
KMO 5. Section T5 | 1,479 and 1,479 m (4,852 and 4,852 ft) | 2 x 4 | ||
Diliskelesi | O-4 | 220 and 220 m (720 and 720 ft) | 2 x 3 | |
Hereke | 281 and 285 m (922 and 935 ft) | 2 x 3 | ||
İzmit Batı | 435 and 290 m (1,427 and 951 ft) | 2 x 2 | ||
Korutepe | 1,028 and 1,088 m (3,373 and 3,570 ft) | 2 x 2 | ||
Gültepe | 639 and 584 m (2,096 and 1,916 ft) | 2 x 2 | ||
Mount Bolu | 3,125 and 3,014 m (10,253 and 9,888 ft) | 2 x 3 | Bolu | |
Orhangazi (Samanlı) | O-5 | 3,586 and 3,591 m (11,765 and 11,781 ft) | 2 x 3 | Bursa |
Selçukgazi | 1,192 and 1,303 m (3,911 and 4,275 ft) | 2 x 3 | ||
Belkahve | 1,556 and 1,653 m (5,105 and 5,423 ft) | 2 x 3 | İzmir | |
Bayraklı-1 | O-30 | 320 and 317 m (1,050 and 1,040 ft) | 2 x 3 | |
Bayraklı-2 | 1,865 and 1,876 m (6,119 and 6,155 ft) | 2 x 3 | ||
75.yıl Selatin | O-31 | 3,018 and 3,043 m (9,902 and 9,984 ft) | 2 x 3 | |
Buruncuk | O-33 | 883 and 1,009 m (2,897 and 3,310 ft) | 2 x 3 | |
İğdir | O-22 | 485 and 518 m (1,591 and 1,699 ft) | 2 x 3 | Bursa |
Kırkgeçit-1 | O-21 | 941 and 958 m (3,087 and 3,143 ft) | 2 x 3 | Niğde |
Kırkgeçit-2 | 584 and 548 m (1,916 and 1,798 ft) | 2 x 3 | ||
Kırkgeçit-3 | 255 and 286 m (837 and 938 ft) | 2 x 3 | ||
Kırkgeçit-4 | 630 and 439 m (2,067 and 1,440 ft) | 2 x 3 | ||
Kırkgeçit-5 | 651 and 652 m (2,136 and 2,139 ft) | 2 x 3 | ||
Kırkgeçit-6 | 855 and 816 m (2,805 and 2,677 ft) | 2 x 3 | Adana | |
Kırkgeçit-7 | 534 and 526 m (1,752 and 1,726 ft) | 2 x 3 | ||
Çakıt | 497 and 359 m (1,631 and 1,178 ft) | 2 x 3 | ||
Gülek | 200 and 200 m (660 and 660 ft) | 2 x 3 | Mersin | |
Adana (Fehmi Özeltürkay) | O-51 | 300 and 300 m (980 and 980 ft) | 2 x 3 | Adana |
İskenderun | O-53 | 200 m (660 ft) | 2 x 1 | Hatay |
Taşoluk | O-52 | 376 and 376 m (1,234 and 1,234 ft) | 2 x 3 | Osmaniye |
Ayran | 560 and 596 m (1,837 and 1,955 ft) | 2 x 3 | ||
Kızlaç | 2,851 and 2,819 m (9,354 and 9,249 ft) | 2 x 3 | ||
Aslanlı | 1,230 and 1,225 m (4,035 and 4,019 ft) | 2 x 3 |
Transport in Turkey is road-dominated and mostly fuelled by diesel. Transport consumes a quarter of energy in Turkey, and is a major source of air pollution in Turkey and greenhouse gas emissions by Turkey. The World Health Organization has called for more active transport such as cycling. As of 2023 health impact assessment is not done in Turkey.
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Mount Bolu Tunnel is a 3.1-kilometre-long (1.9 mi) highway tunnel constructed through the Bolu Mountain in Turkey between Kaynaşlı, Düzce and Yumrukaya, Bolu.
Following the proclamation of the Republic, Turkish museums developed considerably, mainly due to the importance Atatürk had attached to the research and exhibition of artifacts of Anatolia. When the Republic of Turkey was proclaimed, there were only the İstanbul Archaeology Museum called the "Asar-ı Atika Müzesi", the Istanbul Military Museum housed in the St. Irene Church, the Islamic Museum in the Suleymaniye Complex in Istanbul and the smaller museums of the Ottoman Empire Museum in a few large cities of Anatolia.
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The Turkish football system is divided into the following leagues.
Turkish and Foreign Languages Research and Application Center of Ankara University, TÖMER, was founded in 1984 by Mehmet Hengirmen for the purposes of teaching the Turkish language to foreigners and natives; such language and culture institutions as the British Council, Goethe Institut, Instituto Cervantes and Alliance française acted as models for the constitution of the Center. It has class levels from beginner to advanced.
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The Turkish Foundation for Combating Soil Erosion, better known in abbreviated form as TEMA, is a non-governmental organization (NGO) for reforestation and the protection of natural habitats in Turkey.
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There is considerable dialectal variation in Turkish.
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