O-4 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Anadolu Otoyolu | ||||
Route information | ||||
Part of E80 E89 | ||||
Part of AH1 | ||||
Length | 372 km (231 mi) | |||
Existed | 1984–present | |||
Major junctions | ||||
West end | O-1, in Istanbul | |||
East end | O-20 in Ankara | |||
Location | ||||
Country | Turkey | |||
Regions | Marmara, Black Sea, Central Anatolia | |||
Provinces | Istanbul, Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Ankara | |||
Major cities | Istanbul, Izmit, Bolu, Ankara | |||
Highway system | ||||
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Otoyol 4 (English: Motorway 4), named Anatolian Motorway (Turkish : Anadolu Otoyolu) and abbreviated as O-4, is a toll motorway connecting the northwestern Marmara Region to the Central Anatolia Region in Turkey. It runs parallel to the D.100 for more than half of its length and then parallels the D750 for most of the eastern half. The O-4 is a major expressway in Turkey as it connects eastern Istanbul and the heavily urbanized northeastern shore of the Sea of Marmara to the nation's capital, Ankara. The O-4 also makes up part of the International E-road network E80 and E89 as well as the AH-1 of the Asian Highway Network.
The O-4 is the longest completed motorway in Turkey spanning 379 km (235 mi), just 14 km (8.7 mi) longer than the O-52. The partially-opened O-5 is expected to surpass the length of the O-4, when it is completed in 2019, with a total length of 407 km (253 mi). but nowadays the longest motorway in Turkey is Otoyol 21 with the opening Ankara-Niğde section. Construction of the O-4 began in 1984 and was widely completed in 1992 except for a short gap through the mountains west of Bolu. This gap was connected in 2006, with the opening of the Mount Bolu Tunnel.
The O-4 begins at the intersection with the O-1. The next interchange is in northern Ataşehir with the O-2 . [1] After the motorway crosses Necip Fazıl Boulevard, the last toll-free exit in Istanbul (K1), the O-4 becomes a toll-motorway at the Çamlıca toll booths. The first tolled exit is exit K2, which is the Samandıra-Kartal connector, that is the first of several connections to the D.100. [2] Exit K3 connects to Fatih Boulevard in Sultanbeyi. [3] The interchange with the O-7 is located just as the O-4 enters the district of Pendik. Exit K4 is located right on the eastern border of the Pendik district and connects to the Sabiha Gökçen Airport. [4] After exit K4, the O-4 enters the last district in Istanbul, Tuzla. Exit K5 (Orhanlı junction) also offers a connection to the Sabiha Gökçen airport as well as the Kurtköy-Pendik connector. [5] The O-4 continues through northern Tuzla, passing through mostly industrial parks until leaving the Istanbul Province and entering the Kocaeli Province.
After crossing into Kocaeli, exit K6 is the Şekerpınar-Çayırova connector in Şekerpınar. [6] The O-4 traverses through northern Gebze until exit K7, which is a direct connection to the D-100. [7] After crossing over the D-100, the O-4 interchanges with the northern end of the O-5 at the unnumbered Mualimköy junction. [8] Following the junction, the motorway runs along the heavily industrialized northern shore of the Izmit Bay with exits at Diliskelisi (K8) [9] and Hereke (K9, K10). [10] [11] Between Hereke and Körfez the motorway runs directly next to the D-100 and the Istanbul-Ankara railway along the shoreline until the motorway enters Körfez. Once in the city, Exit K11 connects to the D.100. [12] Shortly after K11, an unmarked exit to a KGM employee housing facility. [13] The exit is not open to public traffic although cars may use the overpass to make a U-turn. After passing a service area, the O-4 enters the city of İzmit. Exit K12 connects to the D.100 but only for traffic from/to Istanbul. The route then heads north and travels around the hilly northern perimeter of the city, passing through two tunnels and a viaduct. The O-4 crosses over the D.605, which can be accessed via Exit K12. [14] After bypassing Izmit, the motorway heads southeast, crossing over the D.100 (Exit K13 [15] ) in Bahçelievler. After the exit, the route enters Sakarya Province.
Otoyol 4 parallels the Istanbul-Ankara railway along the southern shore of Lake Sapanca except for its short bypass around the town of Sapanca. Exit K14 connects to the town, via İzmit Avenue. [16]
Province | District | km | mi | Exit | Destination | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Istanbul | Ümraniye/Ataşehir | 0 | 0 | K10 | O-2 — FSM Bridge, Mahmutbey / P.34-12 — Çamlıca | Connector to O-1 |
3.3 | 2.1 | K1 | Necip Fazıl Blvd. | |||
Samandıra Toll Plaza | ||||||
Sancaktepe | 7.9 | 4.9 | K2 | Kartal connector — Kartal | Connector to D.100 | |
Sultanbeyli | 12.6 | 7.8 | K3 | Fatih Blvd. — Sultanbeyli | ||
Pendik | 17.7 | 11 | K81 | O-7 — YSS Bridge, Istanbul Airport | ||
20 | 12.4 | K4 | Pendik connector — Pendik | Connector to D.100 | ||
Tuzla | 21.6 | 13.4 | K5 | Airport connector — S. Gökçen Airport | ||
Kocaeli | Çayırova | 29.6 | 18.4 | K6 | Çayırova connector — Çayırova | Connector to D.100 |
31.4 | 19.5 | K6-1 | Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Ave. — Gebze OSB | |||
Gebze | 39.8 | 24.7 | K7 | D.100 — Gebze | ||
42.2 | 26.2 | K1 | O-5 — Osman Gazi Bridge, Bursa, then İzmir | |||
Dilovası | 46 | 28.6 | K8 | Liman Ave. — Dilovası | ||
Körfez | 52.1 | 32.3 | K9 | D.100 — Hereke | Eastbound exit, westbound entrance | |
54.5 | 33.7 | K10 | D.100 — Hereke | Eastbound entrance, westbound exit | ||
67.9 | 42.2 | K11 | D.100 — Körfez | |||
Derince | 75.1 | 46.7 | K12 | D.100 — İzmit | Eastbound exit, westbound entrance | |
İzmit | Korutepe Tunnel | |||||
Gültepe Tunnel | ||||||
86.8 | 53.9 | K13 | D.605 — İzmit, Kandıra | |||
Kartepe | 94.2 | 58.5 | K14 | D.100 — İzmit | ||
Sakarya | Sapanca | 101.5 | 63.1 | K15 | P.54-52 — Sapanca | |
Arifiye | 114.1 | 70.9 | K16 | D.650 — Arifiye, Sakarya | ||
Akyazı | 130.8 | 81.3 | K17 | D.140 — Akyazı | ||
Hendek | 137.4 | 85.4 | K18 | Hendek connector — Hendek | Connector to D.100 | |
Düzce | Düzce Merkez | 169 | 105 | K19 | D.100 — Düzce | |
189.8 | 117.9 | K20 | D.100 — Kaynaşlı | |||
Bolu | Bolu Merkez | Mount Bolu Tunnel | ||||
200.9 | 124.8 | K21 | P.14-50 — Abant | |||
207.9 | 129.2 | K22 | D.100 — Bolu | Bolu west | ||
227.1 | 141.1 | K23 | D.100 — Bolu | Bolu east | ||
Yeniçağa | 249.6 | 155.1 | K24 | D.100 — Yeniçağa | ||
Gerede | 259.5 | 161.2 | K25 | P.14-05 — Dörtdivan | ||
266.2 | 165.4 | K26 | Gerede connector — Gerede / D.100 — Karabük | |||
Ankara | Çamlıdere | 311.1 | 193.3 | K27 | P.06-86 — Çamlıdere | |
Kızılcahamam | 326.9 | 203.1 | K28 | P.06-82 — Kızılcahamam, Güdül | ||
Kazan | Kazan Toll Plaza | |||||
359.7 | 223.5 | K29 | Fevzi Çakmak Ave. — Kahramankazan | |||
360.8 | 224.2 | - | P.06-75 — Mürted Air Base | |||
Yenimahalle | 371.7 | 231 | K1 | O-20 — Ankara | Ankara Beltway | |
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
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Transport in Turkey is road-dominated and mostly fuelled by diesel. Transport consumes a quarter of energy in Turkey, and is a major source of air pollution in Turkey and greenhouse gas emissions by Turkey. The World Health Organization has called for more active transport such as cycling.
The Osmangazi Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Gulf of İzmit at its narrowest point, 2,620 m (8,600 ft). The bridge links the Turkish city of Gebze to the Yalova Province and carries the O-5 motorway across the gulf.
Ataşehir is a district of Istanbul, Turkey. It is located at the junction of the O-2 and O-4 motorways on the Anatolian (Asian) side of Istanbul. Its neighbours are the districts of Ümraniye to the north, Sancaktepe to the northeast, Maltepe to the east, Kadıköy to the south and Üsküdar to the west.
Asian Highway 1 (AH1) is the longest route of the Asian Highway Network, running 20,557 km (12,774 mi) from Tokyo, Japan via Korea, China, Southeast Asia, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran to the border between Turkey and Bulgaria west of Istanbul where it joins end-on with European route E80, running all the way to Lisbon, Portugal.
Otoyol 31, named the İzmir-Aydın Motorway or just the Aydın Motorway and abbreviated as the O-31 is a 127.8 km (79.4 mi) long toll motorway in western Turkey. Beginning at an intersection with İzmir Beltway, the O-31 runs south from İzmir to Aydın and parallels the D550 for most of its route.
İzmit Körfez Circuit is a motor sports race track about 17 km (11 mi) west of İzmit, in Körfez district of Kocaeli Province, Turkey. Sponsored by the Turkish Automobile Sports Federation (TOSFED) and built by the Istanbul Motorsports Club (İMK), it was inaugurated in 1993 as the first asphalted race track in Turkey. The venue is home to motor sport races in various categories.
Otoyol 2, abbreviated as O-2, locally referred to as 2. Çevreyolu, is a motorway in Istanbul, Turkey that forms the outer ring road of the city connecting European and Asian parts via the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge.
Otoyol 3, also known as the European Motorway and abbreviated as the O-3 is a 245.1 km (152.3 mi) long otoyol in East Thrace, Turkey. The O-3 runs from Edirne to Istanbul and is the only motorway in Turkey located entirely in Europe. The motorway begins west of Edirne at a junction with the D-100 where it then continues as a beltway passing just north of Edirne. From there, the motorway passes through mostly rural farmland until it enters the Istanbul metropolis near Silivri. The eastern end of the O-3 is at the interchange with the O-1, where the motorway becomes Vatan Caddesi and continues into the historic peninsula of Istanbul as a major boulevard.
The Ankara–Istanbul high-speed railway, is a 562 km (349 mi) long high-speed railway linking Ankara and Istanbul in Turkey. The railway runs mostly parallel to the Istanbul-Ankara railway and passes through some of Turkey's most urbanized areas. The line hosts high-speed YHT train service with a maximum operating speed of 250 km/h (160 mph).
The Istanbul–Ankara railway is a 576.6 km (358.3 mi) long electrified railway in Turkey. The line connects Turkey's largest city, Istanbul, to the capital and second largest city, Ankara; making it one the busiest railways in the country in terms of passenger and freight rail traffic. Beginning at Haydarpaşa station in Istanbul and terminating at Ankara railway station in Ankara, the railway runs parallel to the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed railway and in several sections, hosts YHT high-speed trains.
The Ankara Express is a daily overnight intercity passenger train, operated by TCDD Taşımacılık, between Istanbul and Ankara, with major stops at İzmit and Eskişehir. The train makes the 610.3 km (379.2 mi) long journey in about 8 and-a-half hours.
Otoyol 52, abbreviated as O-52, a.k.a.Adana-Şanlıurfa Otoyolu, is a toll motorway in the regions of Mediterranean and Southeastern Anatolia in Turkey, connecting the cities Adana and Şanlıurfa. The motorway is part of European route E90 and Asian Highway 84. The O-52 starts from the eastern terminus of The O-51, runs eastward through Osmaniye, Gaziantep and terminates east of Şanlıurfa. The O-52 is currently the second longest Motorway in Turkey being only 5 km shorter than the O-4.
Otoyol 21, abbreviated as O-21, a.k.a. Ankara-Tarsus Otoyolu, is a completed toll motorway in the Central Anatolia and Mediterranean regions in Turkey. Currently, it is connecting Otoyol 20 from Gölbaşı, Ankara with the Adana-Mersin Motorway O-51 at Tarsus in Mersin Province. On its full length, it is part of the European E90. The last part of the highway opened on 16 December 2020.
Cengiz Topel Naval Air Station, a.k.a. Topel Airport or formerly Cengiz Topel Air Base, is a Turkish Navy air station located east of İzmit in Kocaeli Province, Turkey. The airport is in joint use for military and civil. Restructured in 1976, it hosts the Turkish Naval Aviation Command with two flying units, the 301st Squadron of fixed-wing aircraft and the 351st Squadron of rotorcrafts.
Otoyol 5, named the Gebze-Orhangazi-İzmir Motorway and abbreviated as O-5, is a toll motorway in Turkey. Since being completed in 2019, it connects the Istanbul metropolitan area with İzmir, via Bursa and Balıkesir. The O-5 runs parallel to the D575 and the D565 for most of its length and is a major motorway in Turkey as it provides a direct connection between Istanbul and its surrounding metropolis to the country's 3rd largest (İzmir) and 4th largest (Bursa) cities, bypassing the Gulf of İzmit via the Osman Gazi Bridge. The O-5 also makes up part of the International E-road network E881.
The Hereke Tunnel, is a motorway tunnel constructed on the Istanbul–Ankara motorway O-4 E80 in Kocaeli Province, northwestern Turkey. It was opened to traffic in 1984.
The Otoyol is the national network of controlled-access highways in Turkey. The network spans 3,523 kilometres (2,189 mi) as of 2020-end and was first opened in 1973. Another term for the system is Otoban, which is a popular but unofficial term transcribed from the German word autobahn. The term Otoyol translates to motorway while the literal meaning is auto-route.
Provincial road 34-27, named the Samadıra–Kartal connector, is a 9.9-kilometre-long (6.2 mi) highway that connects the otoyol O-4 to the state highway D.100 in Istanbul, Turkey. A provincial road is governed under the responsibility of the respective Turkish provincial government, and bears the license plate number of that province in the road identification number's first half. It is one of the three connectors between the two roads in the Istanbul metropolitan area. The route begins at exit K2 on the O-4 and heads south through two large parks, the Kayışdağı and Aydos forests, until reaching Kartal and connecting to the D.100. After the interchange, the connector becomes Sanayi Cad. and continues as a surface street. The connector was built in 1991.
Pendik is an underground station on the M4 line of the Istanbul Metro. Located under the Pendik interchange on the D.100 in the Bahçelievler neighborhood of Pendik, Istanbul, it was opened on 10 October 2016 along with the 5 km (3.1 mi) expansion from Kartal to Pendik. It is the closest station to the Turkish State Railways' Pendik station, located 1 km (0.62 mi) south. IETT offers bus service to bridge the gap.