List of sailing ships of the Ottoman Empire

Last updated

The Goke, flagship of Kemal Reis, as depicted in an Ottoman miniature at the Topkapi Palace. Goke (1495) the flagship of Kemal Reis.jpg
The Göke, flagship of Kemal Reis, as depicted in an Ottoman miniature at the Topkapi Palace.

This is a list of known sailing warships of the Ottoman Empire and its various North African vassal states and dependencies, from the origin of the empire in the Late Middle Ages to 1859. During this period, the Ottomans used both oar-powered galleys and more conventional ships of the line, along with various hybrid designs. Many entries are based on Western sources, therefore the names may be misspelled or not reflect the original name of the vessel, but that given by foreign observers and captors.

Contents

Core Ottoman or Turkish vessels

Ottoman galleys engaging the Holy League's fleet at the Battle of Lepanto, 1571. Battle of Lepanto 1571.jpg
Ottoman galleys engaging the Holy League's fleet at the Battle of Lepanto, 1571.

15th century

16th century

17th century

Capture of a Turkish galleon by galleys of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (1650). Capture of a Turkish galleon by Commander Boisbaudran 1650 alt.jpg
Capture of a Turkish galleon by galleys of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (1650).

18th century

Battle of Chesma at night, by Ivan Aivazovsky (1848). Ivan Constantinovich Aivazovsky - Battle of Cesme at Night.JPG
Battle of Chesma at night, by Ivan Aivazovsky (1848).

Battle of Tendra (1790)

  • Bahr-ı Zafer, 72 cannon, flagship of Giritli Hüseyin.
  • Melik-ı Bahri, 72 cannon, flagship of Patrona Bey. Sunk in a storm after being damaged and captured by the Russians.
  • Anka-ı Bahri, 72 cannon.
  • Fethü'l Fettah, 66 cannon.
  • Nüvid-ı Fütuh, 66 cannon.
  • Peleng-ı Bahri, 66 cannon, captured.
  • Tevfikullah, 66 cannon.
  • Feyz-ı Hüda, 66 cannon, flagship of Riyale Bey.
  • Mesudiye, 58 cannon.
  • Mansuriye, 58 cannon, flagship of Said Bey. Caught fire and exploded after being captured. Called Kapitana by the Russians.
  • Inayet-ı Hakk, 58 cannon.
  • Burc-ı Zafer, 52 cannon.
  • Şehbaz-ı Bahri, 52 cannon.
  • Ukâb-ı Bahri, 52 cannon.
  • Mazhar-ı Hidâyet, 38 cannon.
  • Mazhar-ı Saadet, 38 cannon.
  • Mebdâ-i Nusret, 32 cannon.
  • Raad-ı Bahri, 20 cannon, a bomb frigate.
  • Berk-i Bahri, 20 cannon, bomb frigate.
  • Berk-i Hafız, 20 cannon, bomb frigate.
  • Şihab-ı Sakıb, 20 cannon, bomb frigate.
  • Cedid Bomba, 20 cannon, bomb frigate.

19th century

Battle of Athos (1807)

Battle of Athos by Alexey Bogolyubov (1853). Battle of Athos 1807.jpg
Battle of Athos by Alexey Bogolyubov (1853).
  • Masudiya, 120 cannon, flagship of Seyit Ali.
  • Sadd al-Bahr (or Sedd-ül Bahir), 84 cannon, ship of second-in-command Bekir Bey. Captured by the Russians, it was captured from them by the French in 1809.
  • Anka-yi bahri, 84 cannon.
  • Taus-i bahri, 84 cannon.
  • Tevfik-numa, 84 cannon.
  • Bisharet or Biafaret, 84 cannon. Run aground and scuttled.
  • Kilid-i bahri, 84 cannon.
  • Sayyad-i bahri, 74 cannon.
  • Gulbang-i-Nusrat, 74 cannon.
  • Jebel-andaz, 74 cannon.
  • Meskeni-ghazi, a 50 cannon frigate.
  • Bedr-i zafar, 50 cannon frigate.
  • Fahki-i zafar, 50 cannon frigate.
  • Nessim, 50 cannon frigate. Run aground and scuttled.
  • Iskenderiya, 44 cannon frigate.
  • Metelin, a 32 cannon sloop. Run aground and scuttled.
  • Rahbar-i alam, 28 cannon sloop.
  • Denyuvet?, 32 cannon.
  • Alamat i Nusrat, 18 cannon.
  • Melankai?, 18 cannon.

Battle of Navarino (1827)

Battle of Navarino. Navarino.jpg
Battle of Navarino.
  • Ghiuh Rewan, an 84 cannon third-rate, flagship of Ibrahim Pasha.
  • Fahti Bahri, a 74 cannon third-rate, sunk.
  • Burj Zafer, a 70 cannon third-rate.
  • Ihsanya, 64 cannon.
  • Surya, 56 cannon.
  • Leone, 60 cannon.
  • Fevz Nusrat, 64 cannon.
  • Ka'id Zafer, 64 cannon.

Post-Navarino ships of the line (1839)

Mahmudiye, the largest warship in the world at the time of its construction in 1829. Ottoman ship of the line Mahmudiye.png
Mahmudiye, the largest warship in the world at the time of its construction in 1829.
  • Mukkademe-i Hayir (built 1806), 74 cannon.
  • Selimiye (1809), 128 cannon.
  • Necm-i Zafer (1815), 74 cannon.
  • Hifz-i Rahmân (1826), 64 cannon.
  • Fethiye (1827), 96 cannon.
  • Mahmudiye (1829), 128 cannon.
  • Memdûhiye (1833), 96 cannon.
  • Teşrifiye (1834), 96 cannon.
  • Teşvikiye (1834), 96 cannon.
  • Nusretiye (1835), 64 cannon.
  • Tevfikiye (1836), 64 cannon.
  • Şadiye (1836), 64 cannon.
  • Fethiye (1836), 96 cannon.

Battle of Sinop (1853)

The Battle of Sinop, by Alexey Bogolyubov (1860). BattleOfSinop 2.jpg
The Battle of Sinop, by Alexey Bogolyubov (1860).
  • Avni Illah, 44 cannon frigate, grounded.
  • Fazl Illah (ex-Russian Rafail, captured 1828-29), 44 cannon frigate. Burned and grounded.
  • Nizamieh, 62 cannon frigate, grounded after losing two masts.
  • Nessin Zafer, 60 cannon frigate, grounded after her anchor chain broke.
  • Navek Bahri, 58 cannon frigate, exploded.
  • Damiat, 56 cannon frigate built in Egypt, grounded.
  • Kaid Zafer, 54 cannon frigate, grounded.
  • Nejm Fishan, a 24 cannon corvette.
  • Feyd Mabud, 24 cannon corvette, grounded.
  • Kel Safid, 22 cannon corvette, exploded.

Regency of Algiers

Battle between the Spanish ship of line Dragon and the Algerian ship of line Danzik in 1751. Dansik-y-dragon.jpg
Battle between the Spanish ship of line Dragón and the Algerian ship of line Danzik in 1751.

Egypt Eyalet

Egyptian ships at the Battle of Sphacteria (1825). Zografos-Makriyannis 13 Navarino Boissonas.jpg
Egyptian ships at the Battle of Sphacteria (1825).

Tripolitania Eyalet

View of Tripoli in 1675, by John Seller. 1675 Tripoli in Barbary by John Seller.png
View of Tripoli in 1675, by John Seller.

Eyalet of Tunis

Engraving of Tunis in 1690. Tunis (Reproduction d'une gravure de 1690).jpg
Engraving of Tunis in 1690.

Sources

  1. Grant, R.G. (2010) Battle at Sea: 3000 years of naval warfare. Dorling Kindersley Ltd, 360 pages.
  2. Grant, R.G. (2010) Battle at Sea: 3000 years of naval warfare. Dorling Kindersley Ltd, 360 pages.
  3. Édouard, S. (2007). Argo, la galera real de Don Juan de Austria en Lepanto. op. cit, 7–8.

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