Lord of Connaught (Irish : Tighearna Connacht) was a title used by several Norman barons in Ireland. Granted to William de Burgh, the lordship was claimed by his son, Richard Mor de Burgh, and his descendants.
During the Norman invasion of Ireland, William de Burgh (d.1206) was apparently granted Connacht, but never took possession of it. It remained in the hands of native kings until 1224, when his son, Richard Mor de Burgh, claimed it on the basis of his father's grant. Richard's uncle Hubert de Burgh was then Justiciar of Ireland and upheld the claim in 1227. Richard called upon the feudal levies of Ireland and conquered Connacht (1235), assuming the title Lord of Connaught.
Richard's son Walter de Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster, his son Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster, and Richard Óg's grandson William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster all seem to have used the title but, on the death of the latter in 1333, civil war broke out over control of the de Burgh lands.
Connacht was divided between Sir Ulick Burke (1st Mac William Uachtar (Upper Mac William) or Clanricarde, Galway) and Edmond Albanach de Burgh (1st Mac William Íochtar or Lower Mac William, Mayo) [1] and the title fell out of use. It was not recognized in the Peerage of Ireland, and the heirs-general of William Donn, who retained the title Earl of Ulster, did not continue to use it.
Walter de Burgh of Burgh Castle, Norfolk m. Alice | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
William de Burgh (d. 1206) | Geoffrey de Burgh Bishop of Ely (d. 1228) | Hubert de Burgh 1st Earl of Kent Regent of England (d. before 1243) | Thomas de Burgh Castellan of Norwich | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Richard Mór / Óge de Burgh Lord of Connacht (d. 1242/3) | Hubert de Burgh Bishop of Limerick (d. 1250) | William de Burgh Sheriff of Connacht | John de Burgh | Hubert de Burgh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sir Richard de Burgh Constable of Montgomery Castle (d. 1248) | Walter de Burgh Lord of Connacht 1st Earl of Ulster (d. 1271) | Sir William Óg de Burgh Anglo-Irish Noble and Warrior (d. 1270) | Barons Burgh of Gainsborough 15th century | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Richard Óg de Burgh Lord of Connacht 2nd Earl of Ulster (1259–1326) | de Burgh/Burkes of Mayo (Mac William Íochtar) | de Burgh / Burke of Galway (Mac William Uachtar/ Clanricarde) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elizabeth de Burgh Queen of Scots (c.1289–1327) m. Robert I King of Scots | John de Burgh (1286–1313) | Sir Edmond de Burgh (1298–1338) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
William Donn de Burgh Lord of Connacht 3rd Earl of Ulster (1312–33) | de Burgh / Burke of ClanWilliam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elizabeth de Burgh 4th Countess of Ulster (1332–63) m. Lionel Duke of Clarence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Earl of Clanricarde is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of Ireland, first in 1543 and again in 1800. The former creation became extinct in 1916 while the 1800 creation is extant and held by the Marquess of Sligo since 1916.
The House of Burgh or Burke was an ancient Anglo-Norman and later Hiberno-Norman aristocratic dynasty which held the earldoms of Kent, Ulster, Clanricarde, and Mayo at various times, provided queens consort of Scotland and Thomond and kings of Britain, and played a prominent role in the Norman invasion of Ireland.
William de Burgh was the founder of the House of Burgh in Ireland and elder brother of Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent and Geoffrey de Burgh, Bishop of Ely. William is often given the epithet, "the conqueror", but is not to be confused with the English king of the same nickname.
Richard Mór de Burgh, 1st Lord of Connacht, was an Anglo-Norman aristocrat who was Seneschal of Munster and Justiciar of Ireland (1228–32).
Sir William Óg de Burgh was an Anglo-Irish noble and soldier who was the ancestor of the Earls of Clanricarde and the Mac William Iochtar.
The Burke/de Burgh Civil War was a conflict in Ireland from 1333 to 1338 between three leading members of the de Burgh (Burke/Bourke) Anglo-Norman family resulting in the division into three clans.
Sir Uilleag (Ulick) de Burgh (Burke), 1st Clanricarde or Mac William Uachtar was an Irish chieftain and noble who was leader of one of the three factions who fought the Burke Civil War in the 1330s. By the end of the conflict he had established himself and his descendants as Clanricarde, also known as Mac William Uachtar, independent lords of Galway. He was succeeded by his son, Richard Óg Burke, 2nd Clanricarde (d.1387).
Clanricarde, also known as Mac William Uachtar or the Galway Burkes, were a fully Gaelicised branch of the Hiberno-Norman House of Burgh who were important landowners in Ireland from the 13th to the 20th centuries.
Elizabeth de Burgh, Duchess of Clarence, suo jure 4th Countess of Ulster and 5th Baroness of Connaught was a Norman-Irish noblewoman who married Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence.
Sir Edmund de Burgh was an Irish knight and ancestor of the Burke family of Clanwilliam.
de Burgh is an Anglo-Norman surname deriving from the ancient Anglo-Norman and Hiberno-Norman noble dynasty, the House of Burgh. In Ireland, the descendants of William de Burgh (c.1160–1206) had the surname de Burgh which was gaelicised in Irish as de Búrca and over the centuries became Búrc then Burke and Bourke.
Edmond Albanach de Burgh, 1st Mac William Íochtar was an Irish chieftain and noble who established himself as the most powerful lord in Connacht west of the Shannon.
Sir William Liath de Burgh was an Irish noble and Justiciar of Ireland (1308–09). He was an ancestor of the Mac William Uachtar and Mac William Íochtar who were earls of Galway and Mayo respectively.
Ulick Fionn Burke, 6th Clanricarde or Mac William Uachtar was an Irish chieftain and noble.
Thomas mac Edmond Albanach de Búrca, 2nd Mac William Íochtar was an Irish chieftain and noble who was lord of Lower (North) Connacht, Ireland.
Mac William Íochtar, also known as the Mayo Burkes, were a fully Gaelicised branch of the Hiberno-Norman House of Burgh in Ireland. Mayo covered much of the northern part of the province of Connacht and the Mac William Íochtar functioned as a regional king and received the White Rod. The title was a successor office to the Lord of Connacht which ended upon the assassination of William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster, in June 1333.
Edmund na Féasóige de Búrca, 4th Mac William Íochtar was an Irish chieftain and noble who was lord of Lower (North) Connacht, Ireland.
Richard Óg de Burgh was an Anglo-Irish noble and soldier who was the ancestor of de Burgh/Burkes of Clanricarde.
The de Burgo Baronetcy, of Castle Connell in the County of Limerick, was a title in the Baronetage of Ireland created on 16 June 1785 for Richard de Burgo. The first Baronet was born Richard Burke, but later assumed the surname of de Burgo. The title became extinct on the death of the fourth Baronet in 1873. The de Burgo family were believed to be a branch of the Burke family headed by the Earl of Clanricarde.
de Búrca is an Irish Anglo-Norman surname deriving from the ancient Anglo-Norman and Hiberno-Norman noble dynasty, the House of Burgh. In Ireland, the descendants of William de Burgh (c.1160–1206) had the surname de Burgh which was gaelicised in Irish as de Búrca and over the centuries became Búrc then Burke and Bourke.