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The Lampyridae are a family of elateroid beetles with more than 2,000 described species, many of which are light-emitting. They are soft-bodied beetles commonly called fireflies, lightning bugs, or glowworms for their conspicuous production of light, mainly during twilight, to attract mates. Light production in the Lampyridae is thought to have originated as an honest warning signal that the larvae were distasteful; this was co-opted in evolution as a mating signal in the adults. In a further development, female fireflies of the genus Photuris mimic the flash pattern of Photinus species to trap their males as prey.
Luciola is a genus of "flashing" fireflies, especially well known from Japan. They are often called "Japanese fireflies", but their members range farther into Asia and reach southern Europe and Africa. This genus is traditionally held to extend to Australia, but these species do not seem to belong herein.
The Ototretinae are a small subfamily in the firefly family (Lampyridae). They are close to the Luciolinae in some respects, but do not glow or flash. Rather, they attract their partners with pheromones like many relatives of the firefly family. They are found in Eurasia and North America.
Atyphella is a genus of 'flashing' firefly found in the Australasian region, particularly in the eastern and northern regions of Australia. The genus consists of 23 recognized species, 14 considered to be endemic to Australia.
Inflata is a genus of 'flashing' firefly found in Thailand, containing a single recognized species, Inflata indica.
Nipponoluciola cruciata, known as "genji-botaru" (ゲンジボタル) in Japanese, is a species of firefly found in Japan. Its habitat is small ditches and streams, and its larvae are aquatic. It was formerly known as Luciola cruciata but was revised taxonomically in 2022.
Aquatica ficta is a species of firefly found in Taiwan and parts of China. It was formerly placed in the genus Luciola. Its habitat is still water, and the larvae are aquatic.
Aquatica is a genus of fireflies in the subfamily Luciolinae. The species are found in China, Taiwan, Japan, Russia and Korea. Fu, Ballantyne and Lambkin erected the genus in 2010, using phylogenetic, morphological and behavioural evidence. Its type species is Aquatica wuhana. It contains five species:
Aquatica hydrophila is a species of firefly found in Taiwan. Described in 2003, it was formerly placed in the genus Luciola. The larvae are aquatic and live in ditches and small streams.
Aquatica lateralis, known as "heike-botaru" (ヘイケボタル) in Japanese, is a species of firefly found in Russia, Japan and Korea. It was formerly placed in the genus Luciola. The larvae are aquatic and live in rice paddies.
Stenocladius horni, is a species of firefly beetle endemic to Sri Lanka.
Abscondita chinensis, is a species of firefly beetle found in India, China and Sri Lanka.
Abscondita promelaena, is a species of firefly beetle found in India and Sri Lanka.
Asymmetricata humeralis is a species of firefly found in India and Sri Lanka.
Luciola candezei, is a species of firefly beetle found in Sri Lanka.
Luciola intricata, is a species of firefly beetle found in Sri Lanka.
Harmatelia bilinea, is a species of firefly beetle endemic to Sri Lanka.
Pteroptyx is a genus of fireflies in the subfamily Luciolinae found in Southeast Asia. It has long been noted for the ability to perform synchronous flashing, though not all species synchronize. These synchronizing species have been found on so-called 'firefly trees' and created a growing firefly-watching tour industry in some regions. Species of the genus have been identified in Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, and Hong Kong.
Abscondita is a genus of fireflies in tropical Asia. Species in the genus were earlier placed in the genus Luciola but molecular phylogeny studies support their separation.
Asymmetricata is a genus of fireflies found in tropical Asia. Species in the genus were formerly included in the genus Luciola. The genus was created in 2009 by Lesley Ballantyne who noted the asymmetric 8th abdominal tergite, emarginated on its left, as a shared feature. Adults of both males and females are winged. The larvae have been reliably described only in A. circumdata. They are terrestrial carnivores, feeding on snails and earthworms in moist soil below tree cover. The last abdominal segment bears an anchoring structure or pygopod with 58 or more pygopodia arising from it.
References
- ↑ "Regional Diversity of Fireflies of the subfamily Luciolinae (Coleoptera:Lampyridae) in Sri Lanka". Lampyrid 2012. 2:138-141. Retrieved 2021-08-06.
- ↑ Wijekoon, W. M. C. D.; Wegiriya, H. C. E.; Bogahawatta, C. N. L. (2016-06-22). "Systematic revision of the repository collection of Canthoroidea in the Department of National Museums, Colombo, Sri Lanka (Coleoptera: Antharidae, Lampyridae, Lycidae, Rhagophthalmidae)". Ceylon Journal of Science. 45: 67–74. doi: 10.4038/cjs.v45i1.7365 .
- ↑ "Luciola antennalis Bourgeois, 1905". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2021-08-08.
- ↑ BALLANTYNE, L.A.; LAMBKIN, C.L.; HO, J.-Z.; JUSOH, W.F.A.; NADA, B.; NAK-EIAM, S.; THANCHAROEN, A.; WATTANACHAIYINGCHAROEN, W.; YIU, V. (2019-10-18). "The Luciolinae of S. E. Asia and the Australopacific region: a revisionary checklist (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) including description of three new genera and 13 new species". Zootaxa. 4687 (1): zootaxa.4687.1.1. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4687.1.1. PMID 31719466. S2CID 207939554 . Retrieved 2021-08-08.
- ↑ Ho, - Z. (2019-10-18). "Luciola antennalis Bourgeois 1905". doi:10.5281/zenodo.4689009 . Retrieved 2021-08-08.
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