Rachias timbo is a mygalomorph spider of Argentina, named after its type locality: El Timbó, Iguazú, Misiones. R. timbo differs from Brazilian Rachias species by being smaller and having lower keels on the male embolus.
Stenoterommata iguazu is a species of mygalomorph spiders of Argentina, named after its type locality: Iguazú, Misiones. Females are distinguished from other species in the genus, except S. platense, by the 2 + 2 spermathecae; from S. platense, they are distinguished by the outer spermathecal lobe having a single receptaculum. Males are distinguished from other species, except S. platense, by having a thin, well-sclerotized embolus and the bulbal duct with an even curvature; from S. platense, by the sudden tapering apical portion of the bulbal duct and the slightly smaller size.
Stenoterommata palmar is a mygalomorph spider of Argentina, named after its type locality: Parque Nacional El Palmar, Entre Rios. Females differ from other three-clawed Stenoterommata in the spermathecae having one triangular dome with a single receptaculum arising from its base; males are most similar to those of S. tenuistyla, but lack short ventral spines on the metatarsus I, and have a long, curved spine on the apical third of their ventral tibia I. Its burrowing behaviour is similar to that of S. tenuistyla.
Acanthogonatus huaquen is a mygalomorph spider of Chile, its name referring to its type locality: Huaquén, Chile. Males are recognized from other two-clawed Acanthogonatus by the bulb with a lateral keel delimiting a concave area; females by the spermathecae with an almost conical basal mound and its duct arising from its tip.
Acanthogonatus juncal is a mygalomorph spider of Argentina and Chile, named after its type locality: Juncal, Los.
Acanthogonatus alegre is a mygalomorph spider of Chile, its name using the Spanish word for “happy”, referring to the aspect of a happy face that the female epigastrium has in posterior view. Females are recognized by the epigastrium produced in a membranous extension and the long, slender and bifurcated spermathecae.
Acanthogonatus hualpen is a mygalomorph spider of Chile, named after its type locality: Hualpén, Concepción, Bío Bío Region. Males can be distinguished from those of A. nahuelbuta and A. patagallina by the shaped of the bulb's apex, and by the palpal tibia being wide in the basal two-thirds with thickened setae along the apical one-third of the retrolateral face.
Acanthogonatus patagallina is a mygalomorph spider of Chile, named after its type locality: Pata de Gallina, Arauco, Region VIII. This species is closest to A. nahuelbuta, but is distinguished by having the basal portion of the male's bulbal duct more sinuous and the basal portion of its bulb more rounded in lateral view.
Flamencopsis is a genus of mygalomorph spiders, with only one species, Flamencopsis minima, found in Chile. The specific name was given because it is the smallest member of the tribe Diplothelopsini.
Lycinus caldera is a mygalomorph spider of Chile, named after its type locality: Caldera, Copiapó, Region III. Males are distinguished from L. gajardoi by the larger cymbium, the thinner and more numerous modified cymbial setae and the shorter embolus, and from those of all other species in the tribe by having cymbial setae directed backwards. Females are distinguished from other Chilean species of Lycinus by the spermathecae with two or three receptacula on each side.
Chilelopsis serena is a species of mygalomorph spiders of Chile, named after its type locality: La Serena, Elqui, Region IV. Males differ from those both C. calderoni and C. puertoviejo in the absence of a patch of setae on the apical tibia I, and also in the palpal tibia having dorsal spines and the bulbal duct being abruptly narrowed at the apex. Females differ from the two other species by their divided spermathecae.
Chilelopsis puertoviejo is a species of mygalomorph spiders of Chile, named after its type locality: Puerto Viejo, Copiapó, Region III. The species is most similar to C. calderoni, but differs in having the distal portion of the male bulbal duct less sinuous and the female spermathecae of uniform width, with no differentiated fundus. It differs from C. serena in the undivided female spermathecae and the male tibia I having a dense apical patch of setae.
Lycinus frayjorge is a mygalomorph spider of Chile, named after its type locality: Parque Nacional Fray Jorge, Limarí, Region IV (Coquimbo). The female spermathecae are most similar to those of L. gajardoi, which differs by the less numerous maxillary cuspules, the lighter scopula IV, and the presence of pseudopreening combs.
Lycinus quilicura is a mygalomorph spider of Chile, named after its type locality: Quilicura, Región Metropolitana. The species is distinguished from others in the genus by its distinctly long embolus.
Lycinus tofo is a mygalomorph spider of Chile, named after its type locality: El Tofo, Coquimbo Region. Males are distinguished by the palpal bulb, more abruptly tapered than in other species of the genus; females by the long, slender, spiraled spermathecal receptacula.
Chaco tucumana is a species of mygalomorph spiders of Argentina, named after its type locality: Tucumán. This species differs from C. obscura in the shorter male embolus and the shorter female spermathecal ducts. From other species of the genus it differs in its dark uniform color, the flexible anterior female tarsi, the denser scopulae on the posterior tarsi, and the female spermathecae without a basal protuberance. As in C. obscura, smaller specimens are much lighter in color, and it has darker spots that are evident on the sides of its cephalic region, the apex of femora, base of the patellae and lateral tibiae and dorsal abdomen. Larger specimens are much darker, almost black, with no visible pattern.
Chaco tigre is a species of mygalomorph spiders of Chile, named after its type locality: Quebrada El Tigre, Petorca, Region V. This species differs from C. socos by its spermathecae having a shorter duct and a more globose fundus, and by constructing a thin door for its burrow; the general colouration is brownish, while C. socos is more grayish coloured.
Chaco socos is a species of mygalomorph spiders of Chile, named after its type locality: Socos, Limarí, Region IV. This species differs from C. tigre by its spermathecae having a longer duct and a less globose fundus, and by constructing a beveled door for its burrow; the general colouration is grayish, while C. tigre is more brownish coloured.
Chaco tecka is a species of mygalomorph spiders of Argentina, named after its type locality: Rio Tecka, Chubut, Argentina. Females can be distinguished from those of other species of Chaco by the strong and numerous spines on metatarsus IV and by the presence of pseudopreening combs on metatarsi III and IV. From C. patagonica and C. sanjuanina, females differ also in the patterned cephalothorax and legs.
Chaco patagonica is a species of mygalomorph spiders of Argentina, named after its type locality, the Patagonia in Chubut, Argentina. The species can be distinguished from C. tecka by not having a patterned cephalothorax and legs, by possessing less maxillary cuspules and by the absence of pseudopreening combs. It also differs from C. sanjuanina by having few labial cuspules.
