Larches are conifers in the genus Larix, of the family Pinaceae. Growing from 20 to 45 metres tall, they are native to much of the cooler temperate northern hemisphere, on lowlands in the north and high on mountains further south. Larches are among the dominant plants in the boreal forests of Siberia and Canada. Although they are conifers, larches are deciduous trees that lose their needles in the autumn.
Larix laricina, commonly known as the tamarack, hackmatack, eastern larch, black larch, red larch, or American larch, is a species of larch native to Canada, from eastern Yukon and Inuvik, Northwest Territories east to Newfoundland, and also south into the upper northeastern United States from Minnesota to Cranesville Swamp, West Virginia; there is also an isolated population in central Alaska. The word akemantak is an Algonquian name for the species and means "wood used for snowshoes".
Larix decidua, the European larch, is a species of larch native to the mountains of central Europe, in the Alps and Carpathian Mountains as well as the Pyrenees, with disjunct lowland populations in northern Poland and southern Lithuania. It is widely naturalized in Scandinavia. Its life span has been confirmed to be close to 1000 years but is more often around 200 years. It is claimed that one of the larches planted by the second Duke of Atholl at Dunkeld in 1738 is still standing.
Larix lyallii, the subalpine larch, or simply alpine larch, is a deciduous, coniferous tree native to northwestern North America. It lives at high altitudes—1,800 to 2,400 m —in the Rocky Mountains of Idaho, Montana, British Columbia, and Alberta. There is a disjunct population in the Cascade Range of Washington.
Larix occidentalis, the western larch, is a species of larch native to the mountains of western North America ; in Canada in southeastern British Columbia and southwestern Alberta, and in the United States in eastern Washington, eastern Oregon, northern Idaho, and western Montana.
Tamarack is a common name for Larix laricina, a medium-size species of larch tree native to North America.
Dasychira plagiata, the northern pine tussock or northern conifer tussock, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Francis Walker in 1865. It is found in North America from Newfoundland and Labrador to Alberta, in Massachusetts, New York and North Carolina.
Coleophora laricella, the western larch case-bearer, is a moth belonging to the family of case-bearing moths Coleophoridae. It is native to Central and Northern Europe, with its original food source being the European larch or Larix decidua. However, it was introduced to North America in the mid-19th century where it has gained a wide range and become an invasive defoliater of several species of the genus Larix, particularly the western larch Larix occidentalis and the tamarack larch Larix laricina.
Macaria signaria, the dusky peacock, pale-marked angle or spruce-fir looper, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1809. Subspecies Semiothisa signaria signaria is found in Europe, Turkey, the Caucasus, Transcaucasia, the Ural, Siberia, Far East, Sakhalin, northern Iran and Japan. Subspecies Macaria signaria dispuncta is found in North America.
Aplectoides condita is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found across central and southern Canada from Newfoundland to British Columbia. In the east it occurs as far south as northern New Jersey and northern Pennsylvania, west to Michigan and Wisconsin. It is found along the Appalachians in Virginia and North Carolina. In the west it occurs in Idaho and Oregon. Recently it has also been recorded from Tennessee.
Spilonota eremitana, the larch leafroller, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Japan, China, Russia and the Korean Peninsula.
Cydia millenniana, the larch gall moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae which galls larch. It is found from Europe to Russia and the Korean Peninsula.
Macaria oweni, Owen's larch looper or Owen's angle moth, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Louis W. Swett in 1907. It is found in North America from Newfoundland to west-central Alberta, south in the east to northern New England.
Hyalophora columbia, the Columbia silkmoth or larch silkmoth, is a moth of the family Saturniidae. In the east it is found from Quebec and Ontario to Michigan, northern Wisconsin, and south-eastern Manitoba. In the west it is found from Alberta and Montana south through the Rocky Mountains to south-western Texas and into central Mexico. The species was first described by Sidney Irving Smith in 1865.
Macaria loricaria, the false Bruce spanworm or Eversmann's peacock, is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found from Fennoscandia and the Baltic states to Sakhalin. It is also found in North America, where it is found from Alaska to Newfoundland and New York, south to Colorado.
Macaria aemulataria, the common angle moth, is a moth in the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Francis Walker in 1861. It is found from Nova Scotia to Florida, west to Texas, north to Oregon and Alberta.
Argyresthia laricella, the larch shoot moth, is a moth of the family Yponomeutidae. The species was first described by William D. Kearfott in 1908. It is found in Canada, including north-western Ontario, Nova Scotia, south-eastern Manitoba, Saskatchewan, western Alberta and southern British Columbia.
Eupithecia annulata, the larch pug moth, is a moth in the family Geometridae. The species was first described by George Duryea Hulst in 1896. It is found in North America from British Columbia north to the Yukon, east to Newfoundland and Labrador and south to California and Colorado.
Argyrotaenia occultana, the fall spruce needle moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. The species was first described by Thomas Nesbitt Freeman in 1942. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from British Columbia north to Yukon and Northwest Territories, east to Newfoundland and south to Kentucky and Oregon. The habitat consists of spruce forests.
Clepsis persicana, the white triangle tortrix or the green needleworm, is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alaska and British Columbia to Newfoundland and south to Virginia and west to California. The habitat consists of coniferous and mixed coniferous forests.
