Maccarese | |
---|---|
![]() The headquarters of Bioversity International in Maccarese. | |
Region | Lazio |
Comune | Rome, Fiumicino |
Population (2011) | |
• Total | 4,559 |
Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
Maccarese is a locality in Lazio, Italy, in the Metropolitan City of Rome. Its administration is divided between the Municipalities of Rome (Maccarese Nord) and Fiumicino, of which it is a frazione .
It was entirely part of the Municipality of Rome until 1993, when the former Circoscrizione XIV, which included a part of the hamlet, became the autonomous Municipality of Fiumicino.
Crossed by the Arrone river, which flows into the Tyrrhenian Sea, the locality - which extends from the Fiumicino Airport to the sea and borders Fregene to the north-west - is best known for the homonymous farm Maccarese S.p.A., established in 1925 following the reclamation works of the Ager Romanus.
The first evidence of a permanent settlement dates back to the Copper Age (3400-2200 BC). In this period a village of huts was established in the area that is currently called Cerquete-Fianello, located in the southern part of the locality (Manfredini et alii, 2002).
Before the reclamation, the territory was rather marshy, with two little lakes (now dried up), one located in the area farthest from the most populated area and the other near the castle called Villa San Giorgio.
A property of the Roman family of the Normanni in the 13th century, around 1300 it saw the building of the castle of Villa San Giorgio, which hosted the Alessandrini, the Anguillara and later the Mattei; the latter, during the 16th century, unified Vaccarese with the estates of Cortecchia and Castello San Giorgio, together with estates of other families of the Roman nobility and religious bodies. The estate ultimately reached the total extent of about 1,700 rubbi (equal to over 3,000 hectares). [1]
In 1569 the restoration of the castle took place, while in 1574 Torre Primavera was built. In the 17th century the estate passed from the Mattei into the hands of the Rospigliosi, who were the last owners before the estate's complete reclamation.
In 1925 the great reclamation began, promoted by a company made up by financial investors. Motivated by the fees made available by the State, they tried to reclaim the area with the aim of making the land fertile, dividing the estate into farms and then selling them.
The project was not completed. Due to a substantial increase in the availability of new farmlands spawned by the reclamation project, the prices of landed properties and agricultural products had in the meantime collapsed. Hence, by the beginning of the 1930s, the land was no longer seen as a safe haven. Unsustainably high operating costs meant investors were forced to rely on a public holding company, IRI.
In the meantime, numerous settlers arrived from the Province of Mantua and above all from Veneto to cultivate fields, plant vineyards and manage dairy cattle. Over the years Maccarese became a showcase of Italian agriculture.
Starting in the 1950s, workforce redundancies and controversial management decisions led to a long downturn that lasted until 1998, when the company - which owned more than 45 km2 (17 sq mi) of agricultural land as well as the castle and other important buildings - was privatised and purchased by Edizione Holding of the Benetton brothers for 94 billion lire.
In 1997 the European Union recognized the Maccarese area as suitable for the construction of a science and technology park, which would take advantage of both good infrastructural connections and the proximity of universities to create an environment favorable to the development of scientific innovation, especially in the agricultural sector. The possibility of creating the park was given to the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI), the most important world reference for the conservation and use of plant genetic resources. Since July 2001, the official headquarters of IPGRI have been located in Maccarese, in an area of great agricultural tradition, inside a former mill that has been completely renovated. The President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi was present at the inauguration of the new headquarters. The building is a former mill designed to store cereals and to process agricultural products before distribution.
Vasche del Maccarese is a natural oasis managed by WWF Italia, part of the Litorale Romano State Nature Reserve.
In summertime it becomes one of the favorite destinations of the inhabitants of the district (especially young people), due to its proximity to the Fregene / Maccarese coast, where bathing facilities have sprung up since the late 1970s (the official beach of the Polizia di Stato is also located there); furthermore, several personalities of entertainment and journalism reside there (an example is the house of Alberto Moravia near the coast).
The Maccarese-Fregene railway station is located along the Tyrrhenian Railway; Maccarese is also served by some bus lines of the Municipality of Fiumicino. It can be reached via the Autostrada A12 (Fregene-Maccarese exit), which connects it to Rome, about 35 km (21.7 mi) away.
Fiumicino is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome, Lazio, central Italy, with a population of 80,500 (2019). It is known for being the site of Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport, the busiest airport in Italy and the eleventh-busiest in Europe.
Portus was a large artificial harbour of Ancient Rome. Sited on the north bank of the north mouth of the Tiber, on the Tyrrhenian coast, it was established by Claudius and enlarged by Trajan to supplement the nearby port of Ostia.
Aprilia[aˈpriːlja] is a city and comune (municipality) in the province of Latina, now incorporated in the conurbation of Rome, in the Lazio region of central Italy. It is the fifth most populous town in the region and the tenth largest by area.
Ostia Antica is the 35th zona of Rome, Italy, four kilometers away from the coast. It is identified by the initials Z. XXXV and it is distinct from Ostia. Ostia Antica belongs to Municipio X.
The Autostrada A91, also called Autostrada Roma-Fiumicino, is an Italian motorway which connects Rome to the Fiumicino Airport.
Fregenae, was a maritime town of ancient Etruria, situated between Alsium and the mouth of the Tiber. The modern Fregene is an Italian hamlet (frazione) of Fiumicino, in the Metropolitan City of Rome, Lazio. As of 2012 its population was of 6,445.
Castello Orsini-Odescalchi is a castle in Bracciano, Lazio, Italy. It is located on the southern shore of Lake Bracciano. It was built in the 15th century, and combines the functions of a military defence structure and a civilian residence of the feudal lords of the period, the Orsini and Borgia, both papal families. As one of the largest and best-maintained castles in Italy, it also houses a museum; as a centre of cultural events, the Castello has hosted several high-profile weddings such as those of Tom Cruise/Katie Holmes, Eros Ramazzotti/Michelle Hunziker, and Petra Ecclestone/James Stunt.
Passo Oscuro is a small town and beach resort situated in the comune of Fiumicino in the Lazio region of Italy, west of Rome, at the Tyrrhenian Sea, 5 km north of Fregene.
Roma San Pietro railway station is a major station serving the city and comune of Rome, Italy. Opened in 1894, the station forms part of the Pisa–Livorno–Rome railway and the Rome–Capranica–Viterbo railway. It is also the junction for the short, single track Rome–Vatican City railway, which crosses into Vatican City after passing over a viaduct.
The FL5 is a regional rail route. It forms part of the network of the Lazio regional railways, which is operated by Trenitalia, and converges on the city of Rome, Italy.
The Polo Museale del Lazio is an office of Italy's Ministry of Cultural Heritage. Its seat is in Rome in the Palazzo Venezia.
A.S.D. Maccarese Calcio was an Italian football club headquartered in Maccarese, a frazione of Fiumicino, itself part of the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital. The club was also known as S.S. Maccarese until renamed to A.S. Giada Maccarese in 2002. In 2013, the club, known as A.S.D. Maccarese Calcio at that time, was relocated and renamed as A.S.D. Trastevere Calcio. However, since 2013, several namesake were founded as phoenix clubs of Maccarese, by the former chairman Dante Papili.
A.S.D. Roma City F.C. or in short, Roma City is an Italian football club based in Riano, Lazio region. The club, as of 2022–23 season, participates in Serie D.
A.S. Fiumicino 1926, formerly known as Fiumicino Calcio, is an Italian football club, based in Fiumicino, a suburb of Greater Rome in the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital. The club participated in Serie D and Eccellenza Lazio several times, but as of 2018–19 season, participating in Promozione Lazio Group C. The club also affiliated to A.S. Roma as a feeder club.
A.S.D. Trastevere Calcio is an Italian football club based in Trastevere, a rione of Rome. The club was founded in 2013 by the relocation of A.S.D. Maccarese Calcio, and again in 2014 by the relocation of A.P.D. Ciampino, despite a namesake A.S.D. Trastevere F.C. already played in 2012–13 Terza Categoria Rome season. As of 2021–22 season, Trastevere was playing in Serie D.
The zones of Rome are toponymic subdivisions within the area of the Ager Romanus, belonging to the Municipalities of Rome and Fiumicino, Italy.
The Visconti Castle of Legnano is a mediaeval castle, located south of the city of Legnano, Metropolitan City of Milan, Lombardy, northern Italy. It lies on a small island formed by the Olona river. Since the 13th century, it is also known as the castle of San Giorgio.
The Litorale Romano state nature reserve is a protected area in Lazio (Italy), established by the Ministry of the Environment with Ministerial Decree of March 29, 1996, which includes a large territory of historical-naturalistic interest within the municipalities of Rome and Fiumicino.
With its over 17,000 hectares, discontinuously distributed along the Lazio coast between Palidoro and Capocotta, it is the largest protected area overlooking the Mediterranean Sea. Its management is entrusted to the two municipalities in their respective sections of competence.
The beach of Capocotta is the area of the Roman coast between Castel Porziano and Torvaianica, one of the best preserved stretches of dunes in Italy.
With an extension of 45 hectares, since 1996 it is part of the Litorale Romano State Nature Reserve.