| Macrobrachium nobilii | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
| Infraorder: | Caridea |
| Family: | Palaemonidae |
| Genus: | Macrobrachium |
| Species: | M. nobilii |
| Binomial name | |
| Macrobrachium nobilii Henderson and Matthai, 1910 | |
Macrobrachium nobilii is a species of freshwater shrimp, first described by Henderson and Matthai, 1910. [1] It belongs to the order Decapoda and family Palaemonidae.
The caridean prawn is distributed South East India, New Caledonia, Gavataks and Tuamotu Island. In India, it is reported from freshwater lakes of Chengalpattu District of Tamil Nadu. M. nobilii also has been reported from the river Cauvery in between Mettur Dam and Poomphuhar Estuary.
This freshwater prawn is known as stone prawn locally since its affinity is with the substrates such as stones/pebbles found in the bottom of its habitat. M. nobilii is characterized by its prominent or elongated second pair of chelate appendage in which the carpus is distinctly large than the merus. The large chela have teeth in the proximal part of the cutting edges. In the rostrum the first four or five teeth are situated behind the posterior orbital margin.
Macrobrachium nobilii is a diecdysic, moulting and breeding once in 18–22 days. [2] Males are larger than females. Male M. nobilii had a body weight of 12676 mg and the body weight of female is reported as 7178 mg. [3] An average female incubates about 2200 eggs/clutch for a period of 14 days. On completion of development eggs are hatched out in irregular batches within 6 days. On hatching, the larvae passively drift to the estuary where they complete their development. On completion of the larval development the juveniles actively migrate to the freshwater grounds.
The Caridea, commonly known as caridean shrimp or true shrimp, from the Greek word καρίς, καρίδος, are an infraorder of shrimp within the order Decapoda. This infraorder contains all species of true shrimp. They are found widely around the world in both fresh and salt water. Many other animals with similar names – such as the mud shrimp of Axiidea and the boxer shrimp of Stenopodidea – are not true shrimp, but many have evolved features similar to true shrimp.
A freshwater prawn farm is an aquaculture business designed to raise and produce freshwater prawns or shrimp1 for human consumption. Freshwater prawn farming shares many characteristics with, and many of the same problems as, marine shrimp farming. Unique problems are introduced by the developmental life cycle of the main species.
Macrobrachium rosenbergii, also known as the giant river prawn or giant freshwater prawn, is a commercially important species of palaemonid freshwater prawn. It is found throughout the tropical and subtropical areas of the Indo-Pacific region, from India to Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. The giant freshwater prawn has also been introduced to parts of Africa, Thailand, China, Japan, New Zealand, the Americas, and the Caribbean. It is one of the biggest freshwater prawns in the world, and is widely cultivated in several countries for food. While M. rosenbergii is considered a freshwater species, the larval stage of the animal depends on brackish water. Once the individual shrimp has grown beyond the planktonic stage and becomes a juvenile, it lives entirely in fresh water.
Cryphiops caementarius is a South American freshwater shrimp.
Palaemon serratus, also called the common prawn, is a species of shrimp found in the Atlantic Ocean from Denmark to Mauritania, and in the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea.
Macrobrachium agwi is a species of freshwater shrimp, first described in 2008, endemic to the Himalaya. It was discovered when a shipment of ornamental prawns, destined for the aquarium trade, was shipped from Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India to Europe. Examination of the shipment showed that one type of shrimp was a new, undescribed species.
Macrobrachium ohione, commonly known as the Ohio shrimp, Ohio river shrimp or Ohio river prawn, is a species of freshwater shrimp found in rivers throughout the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean drainage basins of North America. It is the best-known of all North American freshwater shrimp, and is commonly used as bait for commercial fishing, especially catfish.
Macrobrachium is a genus of freshwater prawns or shrimps characterised by the extreme enlargement of the second pair of pereiopods, at least in the male.
Eyestalk ablation is the removal of one (unilateral) or both (bilateral) eyestalks from a crustacean. It is routinely practiced on female shrimps in almost every marine shrimp maturation or reproduction facility in the world, both research and commercial. The aim of ablation under these circumstances is to stimulate the female shrimp to develop mature ovaries and spawn.
Euastacus spinifer is a species of freshwater crayfish endemic to Australia that belongs to the family Parastacidae.
Macrobrachium vollenhoveni, the African river prawn, is a species of large, commercially important prawn from the family Palaemonidae from West Africa. It is a catadromous species that moves from freshwater to brackish water to spawn returning to freshwater as larvae. Recent research has shown that it could potentially be used as a biological control to reduce the rates of infection people living near rivers where this species occurs with schistosomiasis.
Palaemon macrodactylus is a species of shrimp of the family Palaemonidae.
Caridina typus, also known as the Australian Amano Shrimp, is a species of amphidromous atyid shrimp. It was first described by H. Milne-Edwards in 1837. It has a broad distribution in tropical freshwater habitats in the Indo-West Pacific region, with its western range extending to eastern Africa and its eastern range extending to Polynesia. It is commonly found in rivers and streams in coastal areas or on islands. C. typus is known to play a role in sediment distribution and shredding leaf litter, manipulating the environment using their pereiopods and setaceous chelae. The species is also an important component of the food web, both as scavengers and as prey items, and is considered a keystone species for the stream ecosystems it inhabits. According to Choy and Marshall, the species can be characterized by a "short, dorsally unarmed rostrum, the presence of epipods on the first four pairs of pereiopods, and the presence of an appendix interna on the endopod of the first pleopod of both sexes." It can be kept in captivity by aquarists as pets.
Macrobrachium scabriculum is a species of freshwater shrimp. It is distributed in countries and territories around the Indian Ocean. It is known as Goda River prawn. The total length of male prawns become about 6.5 cm long and in females it is about 5 cm. A kind of fur develop on the chelipeds of males. Eggs produced by M. scabriculum are smaller in size, brownish in color, elliptical or oval in shape and hatched larvae undergone migration to low saline water for completion its life cycle.
Macrobrachium srilankense is a species of freshwater prawn belong the family Palaemonidae. The species was first described by Costa in the year 1979. It is reported from Sri Lanka.
Macrobrachium amazonicum, also known as the Amazon river prawn, is an economically important species of palaemonid freshwater prawn. It is found throughout the tropical and subtropical areas of South America.
Macrobrachium indicum is a species of freshwater shrimp of South India. It was first described in 1986. This freshwater prawn was described from Vellayani Lake, Kerala. This species is closely related to M. australe and M. ustulatum. It is a medium-sized prawn of genus Macrobrachium.
Macrobrachium veliense is a species of freshwater prawn belong the family Palaemonidae.
Macrobrachium walvanense is a species of freshwater shrimp. It was first described in 1999 by Almelkar and coworkers. M. walvanense is collected from the Walvan Dam at Lonavala, near Pune. It is a medium-sized freshwater prawn grows a maximum size of 50 mm. Body is translucent with branched reddish-brown chromatophores spread from carpus to fingertips of second chelipeds. The features of rostrum, second cheliped, and telson are made it differs from M. banjarae.
Macrobrachium gurudeve is a species of freshwater shrimp in the family Palaemonidae. It is found in the east flowing rivers such as Kabbini and Bhavani in Kerala, southern state of India. The total length of male prawn reported is 53.5 mm and for female it is 47 mm. Male M. gurudeve is larger than female showing sexual dimorphism in size. The specific name "gurudeve" for this species was given after social reformer, Sree Narayana Gurudev of Kerala state.