Madoera Residency Residentie Madoera | |||||||
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Residency of Dutch East Indies | |||||||
1857–1948 | |||||||
Map of Madoera Residency in 1922 | |||||||
Capital | Pamekasan | ||||||
History | |||||||
• Established | 1857 | ||||||
• Disestablished | 1948 | ||||||
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Today part of | Indonesia |
Madoera Residency (Dutch : Residentie Madoera) was an administrative subdivision (Residency) of the Dutch East Indies located on the island of Madura and with its capital at Pamekasan. [1] [2] It also included some smaller islands off Madura such as the Kangean Islands and Sapudi Islands. [1] The Residency was divided into 4 districts (afdeelingen): Pamekasan, Bangkalan, Sampang and Soemenep. [2] It existed from the 1880s, when the Dutch established more direct control over the Island, to 1942 when the Japanese invaded the Indies, except for a brief period 1928-31 when it was divided into two smaller residencies (east and west).
After the French and British interregnum in the Dutch East Indies, the Dutch regained influence over Madura in the 1820s and continued to support the Sultan of Sumenep in exchange for troops and support against other native kingdoms. [3] [4] [2] Their influence over the island was run from nearby Surabaya. [3] However, the Dutch gradually expanded their control over the island and began to sideline the Sultan; in 1853 they instituted direct Dutch rule over Pamekasan Regency, established a seat of government on the island in 1857, took over taxation of Bangkalan Regency in 1863, and put most of the island under Dutch rule after the death of the Sultan in 1882. [2] [3] Bangkalan was incorporated into direct Dutch rule in 1885. [3]
The main economic exports of the residency in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were salt and cattle. [1] In 1915 the population of the residency was estimated to be 1,830,000, most of whom were Madurese people but also including 4,500 Chinese Indonesians, 1,000 Europeans and 2,000 Arabs. [2]
During the period of administrative redistricting after 1925, it was divided in half to two new residencies under Oost-Java province: Oost-Madoera, with its capital at Pamekasan and containing Pamekasan and Sumenep districts, and West-Madoera, with its capital at Bangkalan and containing Bangkalan and Sampang districts. [5] [3] However, after 1931 they were merged once again into a single Residency. [3] By that time its population was estimated at more than 2 million native Indonesians (mostly Madurese), 5000 Chinese Indonesians and around 1000 Europeans. [1] After that, the borders stayed essentially the same until the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies. After the end of World War II, when the Dutch attempted to regain control of the Indies, they turned Madura into one of the provinces of the United States of Indonesia in February 1948. [3] However, that was short-lived, and after the Dutch exit from Indonesia it was incorporated into the Republic of Indonesia in the province of East Java.
Madura Island is an Indonesian island off the northeastern coast of Java. The island comprises an area of approximately 4,436.77 square kilometres (1,713.05 sq mi). Administratively, Madura is part of the province of East Java. It is separated from Java by the narrow Madura Strait. The administered area had a density of 755.6 people per km2 in mid-2023, while the main island had a somewhat higher figure of 840 per km2.
East Java is a province of Indonesia located in the easternmost third of Java island. It has a land border only with the province of Central Java to the west; the Java Sea and the Indian Ocean border its northern and southern coasts, respectively, while the narrow Bali Strait to the east separates Java from Bali by around 2.29 kilometres (1.42 mi). Located in eastern Java, the province also includes the island of Madura, as well as the Kangean islands and other smaller island groups located further east and the Masalembu archipelago to the north. Its capital is Surabaya, the second largest city in Indonesia, a major industrial center and also a major business center. Banyuwangi is the largest regency in East Java and the largest on the island of Java.
Madurese, Madurans, Madurites or Madurace are one of the Javan ethnic groups native to the Indonesian island of Madura in Java Sea, off the northeastern coast of Java. They speak their own native Madurese, sharing a common history, traditions, and cultural identity. Nationwide, the Madurese are the third-largest ethnic group in Indonesia, and one of the well-known Indonesian national dishes, Satay, is attributed to the Madurese as part of their culinary heritage.
Bangkalan Regency is a regency of East Java province in Indonesia. The seat of its government is the town of Bangkalan. The regency is located on the west side of Madura Island, bordering Sampang Regency to the east, Java Sea to the north, and Madura Strait to the west and the south sides. It covers an area of 1,260.15 km2, and had a population of 906,761 at the 2010 census and reached 1,060,377 at the 2020 census; however the official estimate as at mid-2023 showed a decline to 1,047,306 – comprising 515,428 males and 531,878 females.
Pamekasan Regency is a regency (kabupaten) of the province of East Java, Indonesia. It is located on Madura Island approximately 120 kilometres (75 mi) east of Surabaya, the provincial capital. The regency covers an area of 792.30 square kilometres (305.91 sq mi), and at the 2010 census it had a population of 795,918 ; at the 2020 census the total was 850,057 and the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 882,837 – comprising 431,891 males and 450,946 females. The administrative capital is the town of Pamekasan.
Sampang Regency is a regency of East Java province, Indonesia. It is situated on Madura Island, bordering on Pamekasan Regency to the east, the Java Sea to the north, Bangkalan Regency to the west, and Madura Strait to the south. It covers an area of 1,228.25 km2, and had a population of at the 2010 census 877,772 and at the 2020 census 969,694; the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 988,360 - comprising 488,900 males and 499,460 females. The administrative centre is the port of Sampang, on the south coast of Madura.
Sumenep Regency is a regency of the East Java province, Indonesia. It has an area of 2,093.47 km2 and a population of 1,042,312 inhabitants according to the 2010 census ; the 2020 census resulted in a total of 1,124,436. The official estimate as at mid 2023 was 1,142,210.
The State of Madura was a federal state (negara bagian) formed on the Indonesian island of Madura by the Netherlands in 1948 as part of an attempt to reestablish the colony of the Dutch East Indies during the Indonesian National Revolution. It included Madura and neighbouring islands that now form part of the current province of East Java.
Persatuan Sepakbola Sumenep Madura City, commonly known as Perssu Madura City is an Indonesian football club based in Sumenep Regency, East Java. The club plays in the Liga 3.
Trunajaya (Madurese) or Tronajâyâ, also known as Panembahan Maduretno, was a prince and warlord from Arosbaya, Bangkalan, Madura, known for leading the Trunajaya rebellion (1674–1681) against the rulers of the Mataram Sultanate on the island of Java.
The Madoera Stoomtram Maatschappij on Madura Island today's Indonesian province of Jawa Timur was one of the railway companies in the Dutch East Indies. The company had its headquarters in The Hague and was licensed in 1896. In 1901 it put the first steam trams in operation to connect the western with the eastern end of the island.
Golekan is a type of traditional boat from Madura, Indonesia. They once plied as far as Singapore, where they are referred to as Madurese traders. In the present this type of boat is only known locally, especially near Bangkalan in Western Madura and around the Kangean islands.
The Gouvernment of Atjeh and Dependencies was an administrative subdivision (governorate) of the Dutch East Indies located in northern Sumatra in the region of present-day Aceh, Indonesia which existed from the late nineteenth century to 1938. The capital of the governorate was at Koetaradja. In 1938, due to a reorganization of the government structure of the Indies, it no longer had a governor and became a Residency instead, called the Atjeh and Dependencies Residency.
Preanger Regencies Residency, sometimes referred to as Preanger Residency and renamed Priangan Residency after 1931, was an administrative division (residency) of the Dutch East Indies located in Parahyangan, West Java which existed from 1817 to 1925. Its capital was in Cianjur until 1856 and thereafter in Bandung. The residency contained the municipality of Bandung and the regencies of Bandoeng, Soemedang, Tasikmalaja, Tjiamis and Garoet.
Semarang Residency was an administrative subdivision (Residency) of the Dutch East Indies located on the northern coast of Central Java and named after its capital city Semarang. It existed from 1818 to 1942, although its borders were changed many times during that period.
Blora Residency was an administrative division (Residency) of Central Java province of the Dutch East Indies with its capital at Blora, which existed between 1928 and 1931. It was significantly larger than the present-day Blora Regency, as it also contained Grobogan Regency and Purwodadi.
Buitenzorg Residency was an administrative division (Residency) of the Dutch East Indies located in western Java which existed from 1817 to 1867 and from 1925 to 1942. Its seat was at Buitenzorg which was also the seat of the colonial government of the Indies after 1905.
Inlands Bestuur or Inlandsch Bestuur was one of the two forms of government bureaucracy in the Dutch East Indies, in addition to Binnenlands Bestuur.
Bawean dialect, also known as Bawean language, is a dialect of Madurese language spoken predominantly by Bawean people in Bawean island. This dialect have 4 major sub-dialects each spoken predominantly in village of Daun and Suwari in the villages of Sangkapura, and the village of Kepuhteluk in the district of Tambak. As well as additional sub-dialects of Bawean Creole.