Lake Tanganyika is an African Great Lake. It is the second-largest freshwater lake by volume and the second deepest, in both cases after Lake Baikal in Siberia. It is the world's longest freshwater lake. The lake is shared among four countries—Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, and Zambia—with Tanzania (46%) and the DRC (40%) possessing the majority of the lake. It drains via the Lukuga River into the Congo River system, which ultimately discharges at Banana, Democratic Republic of the Congo into the Atlantic Ocean.
The Mbu pufferfish, also known as Mbuna pufferfish, giant pufferfish, or giant freshwater pufferfish, is a carnivorous freshwater pufferfish originating from the middle and lower sections of the Congo River in Africa, as well as the east coast of Lake Tanganyika near the Malagarasi River mouth.
Labeobarbus somereni, or Someren's barb, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda. Its natural habitat is rivers. It is not considered a threatened species by the IUCN. Local names for the fish in Rwanda include ikinanga, inkwenwe, ifurwe (Satinsyi) and urwozi (Nyabarongo).
The Lake Rukwa sardine is an African species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found only in Tanzania. Its natural habitat is freshwater lakes. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The Lake Malawi sardine, lake sardine, or usipa, is an African species of freshwater fish in the family Danionidae. It is endemic to Lake Malawi and its outlet, the (upper) Shire River; it is found in Malawi, Mozambique, and Tanzania.
Engraulicypris is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Danionidae, the danionins or danios. This genus is classified in the subfamily Chedrinae and the species in the genus are endemic to Africa. In a study of mitochondrial genealogy, the species formerly included in Mesobola are not phylogenetically separated from Engraulicypris and therefore should also be included in Engraulicypris.
The Fuelleborn's labeo is an African species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Burundi and Tanzania in the Lake Rukwa basin, Lake Tanganyika and the Malagarasi River. Its natural habitats are rivers, freshwater lakes, and inland deltas. Its status is insufficiently known.
The Lake Rukwa lampeye is a species of fish in the family Poeciliidae. Its natural habitats are intermittent rivers, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss. This species occurs in central Africa in Lake Rukwa, Tanzania, the Malagarasi River, Wembere River system and the upper basin of the Congo River. Its specific name honours the German physician and zoologist Friedrich Fülleborn (1866-1933), who collected the type.
Clariallabes mutsindoziensis is a species of airbreathing catfish endemic to Burundi where it is found in the Malagarasi River. Its natural habitats are rivers and inland deltas. It is threatened by habitat loss. This species grows to a length of 11.8 cm SL.
Astatotilapia stappersii is a ray-finned fish species in the family Cichlidae. Adults measure about 15 cm (6 inches) in total length.
The Lake Tanganyika sardine is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the family Dorosomatidae which was endemic to Lake Tanganyika but which has now been introduced to other lakes in Africa as a food source. It is one of two species within the genus Limnothrissa, the other being the Lake Mweru endemic, L. strappersi. This species and the Lake Tanganyika sprat are known collectively as kapenta.
The striped nothobranch is a species of freshwater fish of East Africa, belonging to the family Aplocheilidae.
The dark stonebasher is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Mormyridae.
The Lake Tanganyika sprat is a species of fish in the family Dorosomatidae. It is monotypic within the genus Stolothrissa. It is found in Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia. Its natural habitat is freshwater lakes. It and the Lake Tanganyika sardine are known collectively as kapenta.
The Malagarasi River is a river in western Tanzania, flowing through Kigoma Region, although one of its tributaries comes from southeastern Burundi. The river also forms the western border of Tabora Region, the southern border of Kagera Region and the southwestern border of Geita Region. It is the second-longest river in Tanzania behind the Rufiji—Great Ruaha, and has the largest watershed of any river flowing into Lake Tanganyika. The Malagarasi-Muyovozi Wetlands are a designated a Ramsar site. Local tribes have nicknamed the Malagarasi as "the river of bad spirits".
Gilchristella aestuaria, the Gilchrist's round herring or estuarine round-herring, is a member of the family Ehiravidae that occurs off the coasts of Southern Africa. It is the only species in its genus, which was named for John Dow Fisher Gilchrist (1866–1926).
Euastacus spinifer is a species of freshwater crayfish endemic to Australia that belongs to the family Parastacidae.
Engraulicypris bredoi is an East African species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Danionidae. It is endemic to Lake Albert in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Its natural habitats are rivers, intermittent rivers, freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, and inland deltas. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The river sardine, or hyphen barb, is an African species of [freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Danionidae. It is found in the Cunene, Okavango, upper Zambezi river systems and east coastal rivers from the Limpopo to the Umfolozi in northern KwaZulu-Natal. It is also known from the middle Luapula in Zambia. Engraulicypris gariepinus is sometimes considered conspecific.
Engraulicypris gariepinus is an African species of [freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Danionidae. It is found in the Orange River below the Augrabies Falls. It is sometimes considered conspecific with the river sardine.
