Malian presidential election, 2018

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Malian presidential election, 2018
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←  2013 29 July 2018 (first round)
12 August 2018 (second round)
  Ibrahim Boubacar Keita par Claude Truong-Ngoc decembre 2013 (cropped).jpg Soumaila Cisse 2013 Portrait.jpg
Nominee Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta Soumaïla Cissé
Party RPM URD
Popular vote1,798,632879,235
Percentage67.17%32.83%
President before election

Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta
RPM

President-elect

Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta
RPM

Mali
Coat of arms of Mali.svg
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Mali

Presidential elections were held in Mali on 29 July 2018. [1] [2] As no candidate received more than 50% of the vote in the first round, a runoff was held on 12 August 2018 between the top two candidates, incumbent President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta of the Rally for Mali and Soumaïla Cissé of the Union for the Republic and Democracy. Keïta was subsequently re-elected with 67% of the vote. It was the first time in Malian history that a presidential election was forced into a runoff between incumbent and a challenger.

Mali republic in West Africa

Mali, officially the Republic of Mali, is a landlocked country in West Africa, a region geologically identified with the West African Craton. Mali is the eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of just over 1,240,000 square kilometres (480,000 sq mi). The population of Mali is 18 million. 67% of its population was estimated to be under the age of 25 in 2017. Its capital is Bamako. The sovereign state of Mali consists of eight regions and its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara Desert, while the country's southern part, where the majority of inhabitants live, features the Niger and Senegal rivers. The country's economy centers on agriculture and mining. Some of Mali's prominent natural resources include gold, being the third largest producer of gold in the African continent, and salt.

Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta Malian Prime Minister

Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta, or as he is often known, IBK, is a Malian politician who has been President of Mali since 2013. Previously he was Prime Minister of Mali from 1994 to 2000 and President of the National Assembly of Mali from 2002 to 2007. He founded a political party, Rally for Mali (RPM), in 2001. He was elected as President in the July–August 2013 presidential election and sworn in on 4 September 2013.

The Rally for Mali is a Malian political party created by Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta in June 2001. In 2013, Keita was elected President of Mali following several attempts, and the party took first place in parliamentary elections, winning 66 seats, although not enough for a majority.

Contents

Background

In accordance with the 1992 constitution, presidential elections take place every five years. The previous elections, first scheduled for 13 May 2012, were delayed until 28 July 2013 due to the 2012 coup d'état that overthrew President Amadou Toumani Toure. [1]

Constitution of Mali

The 1992 Constitution of Mali was approved by a referendum on 12 January 1992 after being drawn up by a national conference in August 1991. The constitution provides for multi party democracy within a semi-presidential system.

2012 Malian coup détat Coup détat against the Tuareg rebellion of 2012

The 2012 Malian coup d'état began on 21 March that year, when mutinying Malian soldiers, displeased with the management of the Tuareg rebellion, attacked several locations in the capital Bamako, including the presidential palace, state television, and military barracks. The soldiers, who said they had formed the National Committee for the Restoration of Democracy and State, declared the following day that they had overthrown the government of Amadou Toumani Touré, forcing him into hiding. The coup was followed by "unanimous" international condemnation, harsh sanctions by Mali's neighbors, and the swift loss of northern Mali to Tuareg forces, leading Reuters to describe the coup as "a spectacular own-goal". On 6 April, the junta agreed with Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) negotiators that they would step down from power in return for the end of sanctions, giving power to a transitional government led by parliament speaker Dioncounda Traoré. In the following days, both Touré and coup leader Amadou Sanogo formally resigned; however, as of 16 May, the junta was still "widely thought to have maintained overall control". On 3 December 2013, a mass grave was discovered in Diago holding the remains of 21 soldiers that went missing the year before, loyal to the ousted president.

Amadou Toumani Touré Malian soldier and politician

Amadou Toumani Touré is a Malian politician who was President of Mali from 2002 to 2012.

A peace deal between Tuareg separatists and the government was signed in 2015 following negotiations through a diplomatic channel extended by the Malian government. The creation of the Macina Liberation Front in 2015, led by the preacher Amadou Koufa, has led to increased ethnic tensions and violence in the country. [3]

Tuareg people Berber people of the Sahara desert with a nomadic pastoralist lifestyle

The Tuareg people are a large Berber ethnic confederation. They principally inhabit the Sahara in a vast area stretching from far southwestern Libya to southern Algeria, Niger, Mali and Burkina Faso. Traditionally nomadic pastoralists, small groups of Tuareg are also found in northern Nigeria.

There has been little or no violence in Mali's past elections which have in previous years been conducted with no protests. [4]

Electoral system

The President of Mali is elected by absolute majority vote using the two-round system to serve a 5-year term. [1]

Two-round system voting system used to elect a single winner where a second round of voting is used if no candidate wins an absolute majority in the first round

The two-round system is a voting method used to elect a single winner, where the voter casts a single vote for their chosen candidate. However, if no candidate receives the required number of votes, then those candidates having less than a certain proportion of the votes, or all but the two candidates receiving the most votes, are eliminated, and a second round of voting is held.

Pre-election

There is doubt as to the safety of the elections to be held and of the governments' ability to hold them. [5] If held, the French diplomat Jean-Pierre Lacroix has said that "the upcoming presidential elections will mark the beginning of a new chapter in the stabilization of Mali". [6]

Jean-Pierre Lacroix (French diplomat) French diplomat

Jean-Pierre Lacroix is a French diplomat who currently serves as the United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations.

Voter registration

As of July 24, there were 8,461,000 registered voters set to cast their vote 23,041 polling stations. [7]

Of the Malian refugees living in Mbera, Mauritania, 7,000 people registered to vote in the elections. [8]

Candidates

There were 17 confirmed candidates and 13 more were pending as of late June. [9] In the end, on July 5, the Constitutional Court approved the nomination of a total of 24 candidates in the election. [1] [9] [10] Some of them include: [1]

CandidateParty
Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta [11] [12] [13] (incumbent) Rally for Mali [11]
Mohamed Ali Bathily [1]
Soumaïla Cissé [1]
Modibo Kone [14]
Choguel Kokala Maïga [1]
Moussa Mara [15] [16]
Oumar Mariko [17]

African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence

Djeneba N’Diaye [1]
Yeah Samake [18] Party for Civic and Patriotic Action
Harouna Sankaré [1]
Kalifa Sanogo [11] [19] [14] [20] Alliance for Democracy in Mali [11] [19]
Moussa Sinko Coulibaly [14] [20]
Cheick Mohamed Abdoulaye Souad [1]
Hamadoun Toure [14]
Mountaga Tall [1]

Protests and violence

On 6 June, thousands gathered in the capital Bamako to protest against Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta. [21]

On 25 July, following a robbery at a pharmacy, protesters "burned tyres and torched vehicles" in Timbuktu in response to the deepening insecurity and alleged mistreatment by police. This precipitate a violent clash the following day involving about 100 people. [22]

On 31 July, gunmen attacked a convoy carrying election materials in the Ségou Region. This attack and the following shootout killed four soldiers and eight attackers. [23]

Results

Results of the second round of the Mali Presidential Election 2018 in each cercle of Mali Mali Presidential Election 2018 Second Round.png
Results of the second round of the Mali Presidential Election 2018 in each cercle of Mali
CandidatePartyFirst roundSecond round
Votes%Votes%
Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta Rally for Mali 1,331,13241.701,798,63267.17
Soumaïla Cissé Union for the Republic and Democracy 567,67917.78879,23532.83
Aliou Diallo 256,4048.03
Cheick Modibo Diarra 236,0257.39
Housseini Amion Guindo Convergence for the Development of Mali 124,5063.90
Oumar Mariko African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence 74,3002.33
Modibo Kone 72,9412.29
Choguel Kokala Maïga 68,9702.16
Harouna Sankare57,4061.80
Mamadou Oumar Sidibe54,2741.70
Modibo Sidibe Alternative Forces for Renewal and Emergence 45,4531.42
Kalfa Sanogo Alliance for Democracy in Mali (not official) [24] 38,8921.22
Mamadou Diarra36,1241.13
Modibo Kadjoke30,4790.95
Moussa Sinko Coulibaly30,2320.95
Adama Kane26,0840.82
Daba Diawara22,9910.72
Mountaga Tall20,3120.64
Dramane Dembele Alliance for Democracy in Mali (not official)18,7370.59
Mohamed Ali Bathily17,7120.55
Hamadoun Toure17,0870.54
Yeah Samake 16,6320.52
Mamadou Traore15,5020.49
Madame Djeneba N'diaye12,2750.38
Invalid/blank votes224,069–85,536–
Total3,416,2181002,763,339100
Registered voters/turnout8,000,46242.708,000,46234.54
Source: Constitutional Court, Government of Mali

Related Research Articles

Mountaga Tall is a Malian politician who is President of the National Congress for Democratic Initiative (CNID) and served in the government of Mali as Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research from 2014 to 2016 and Minister of the Digital Economy and Communication from 2016 to 2017. Previously he was First Vice-President of the National Assembly of Mali from 2002 to 2007.

Tiébilé Dramé is a Malian politician who served in the government of Mali as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1991 to 1992. In the years since he has remained active on the political scene, while also acting as a diplomat and mediator in regional crises.

Alliance for Democracy in Mali

The Alliance for Democracy in Mali – Pan-African Party for Liberty, Solidarity and Justice is a political party in Mali.

2007 Malian presidential election election

Presidential elections were held in Mali on 29 April 2007. Incumbent president Amadou Toumani Touré ran for re-election against seven other candidates and won in the first round with about 71% of the vote.

2007 Malian parliamentary election

A parliamentary election was held in Mali on 1 July 2007 and 22 July. In the first round, there were about 1,400 candidates for 147 seats in the National Assembly.

The Front for Democracy and the Republic is an opposition coalition in Mali that fought the presidential election on 29 April 2007 and the parliamentary election of 1 July and 22 July 2007. The FDR is an umbrella organisation, bringing together 16 independent political parties and groups. It rejected the official results of the election, according to which incumbent president Amadou Toumani Touré won with about 71% of the vote, and alleged fraud, unsuccessfully asking the Constitutional Court to annul the election. On 19 May, the leading FDR candidate, National Assembly president Ibrahim Boubacar Kéita, said that the group would abide by the court's decision to confirm Touré's victory and would concentrate on the July 2007 parliamentary election.

Dioncounda Traoré President of Mali

Dioncounda Traoré is a Malian politician who was President of Mali in an interim capacity from April 2012 to September 2013. Previously he was President of the National Assembly of Mali from 2007 to 2012, and he served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1994 to 1997. He was President of the Alliance for Democracy in Mali-African Party for Solidarity and Justice (ADEMA-PASJ) beginning in 2000, and he was also President of the Alliance for Democracy and Progress (ADP), an alliance of parties that supported the re-election of President Amadou Toumani Touré in 2007.

Yeah Samake Malian politician

Niankoro Yeah Samake is a social entrepreneur and politician from Ouelessebougou, Mali. Samake served as the Malian Ambassador to India. He was nominated by the Malian President Ibrahim Boubacar Keita in May 2015 and he assumed the post in 2015. Samake is the executive director of the Empower Mali Foundation, former mayor of Ouelessebougou, Vice President of Mali's League of Mayors, and was a candidate in the 2013 Malian presidential election.

2013 Malian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Mali on 24 November 2013. President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta's party, Rally for Mali, won 66 of the 147 seats in the National Assembly, with its allies winning an additional 49 seats, giving it a substantial majority. The Union for the Republic and Democracy, led by Soumalia Cissé, won 17 seats, becoming the Opposition.

2013 Malian presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Mali on 28 July 2013, with a second round run-off held on 11 August. Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta defeated Soumaïla Cissé in the run-off to become the new President of Mali.

Dramane Dembélé is a Malian politician who served in the government of Mali as Minister of Urban Planning and Housing from 2015 to 2016. A mining engineer by profession, he was Director-General of Geology and Mines from 2005 to 2010. He was the candidate of the Alliance for Democracy in Mali (Adéma-PASJ) for the July 2013 presidential election.

Karim Keïta is a Malian politician and businessman. He is a member of the National Assembly since 2013. Keïta is the son of Malian President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta.

Events in the year 2018 in Mali.

Events in the year 2019 in Mali.

Keïta Aminata Maiga Malian healthcare and childrens advocate

Keïta Aminata Maiga, also Aminata Maïga Keïta, is a Malian healthcare, public health, and children's advocate. She has served as the First Lady of Mali since September 4, 2013, as the wife of President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta. During her tenure as first lady, Maiga has promoted improvements in healthcare, education, the welfare of mothers and children, the environment and athletics. Maiga, an opponent of child marriage, launched a national campaign in October 2015 to end the practice in Mali.

March 2019 attacks against Fulani herders Attacks against Fulani herders in central Mali

On March 23, 2019, several attacks by gunmen killed a reported 160 Fulani herders in central Mali. The violence came in the aftermath of the Malian government cracking down on Islamic terror cells in the country. Two villages, Ogossagou and Welingara, were particularly affected.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Mumbere, Daniel (10 July 2018). "Everything you need to know about Mali 2018 presidential election". Africanews.com. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  2. ↑ "Mali : Élection présidentielle 2018 : Le premier tour aura lieu le dimanche 29 juillet". maliactu.net. 12 February 2018. Archived from the original on 12 February 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  3. ↑ "As presidential vote nears, violence in central Mali goes overlooked - France 24". France 24. 2018-07-27. Retrieved 2018-07-28.
  4. ↑ Cocks, Tim; Diallo, Tiemoko (July 31, 2018). "Third candidate claims place in Mali election run-off". Reuters. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
  5. ↑ Dakono, Baba; Maïga, Khadija (26 March 2018). "Mali's problems are much bigger than July's presidential election". Institute For Security Studies. Archived from the original on 30 March 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  6. ↑ "Amid Growing Insecurity, Parties to Mali Peace Accord Must Increase Efforts towards Restoring Stability, Peacekeeping Chief Tells Security Council". un.org. 23 January 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  7. ↑ "Mali elections 2018: Why presidential vote matters". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2018-07-28.
  8. ↑ "Mali elections marred by rocket attacks, violence". Deutsche Welle. 29 July 2018. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
  9. 1 2 "24 candidates get go ahead in Mali election". News 24. 2018-07-05. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
  10. ↑ "Mali's president to face 23 contenders in July 29 vote". Deutsche Welle. 27 July 2018. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
  11. 1 2 3 4 Dahir, Abdi Latif (2 January 2018). "The eight African elections to watch out for in 2018". qz.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  12. ↑ "Mali shocked by resignation of prime minister". The Guardian. 29 Dec 2017. Archived from the original on 12 April 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  13. ↑ Akwei, Ismail (15 January 2018). "Eight African countries likely to get new presidents in 2018". Face 2 Face Africa. Archived from the original on 17 April 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  14. 1 2 3 4 "Bank official, tech exec announce Mali presidential bids". News24. 11 January 2018. Archived from the original on 28 February 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  15. ↑ "Mali: Moussa Mara annonce sa candidature à la prochaine élection présidentielle". RFI Afrique. 10 April 2018. Archived from the original on 17 April 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  16. ↑ "Moussa Mara presidential candidacy for 2018 Mali elections: List of promises and video". probonomatters.co. 10 Apr 2018. Archived from the original on 17 April 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  17. ↑ Sangare, Alpha Sidiki (31 May 2018). "Présidentielle de 2018 : Le Parti SADI investit Oumar Mariko, candidat du changement" . Retrieved 3 June 2018.
  18. ↑ "BYU grad, former Utah resident running for President of Mali, West Africa".
  19. 1 2 Maina, Wachira (5 March 2018). "Elections offer faint hope for stability". Daily Monitor. Archived from the original on 5 March 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  20. 1 2 "Army general joins race to challenge Mali's president in 2018". The Independent. 4 December 2017. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  21. ↑ Oteng, Eric (June 8, 2018). "Thousands of Malians march against President Ibrahim Boubacar Keita". Africanews.com. Retrieved 2018-07-28.
  22. ↑ "Clashes rock Timbuktu as Malian election looms". www.enca.com. Retrieved 2018-07-28.
  23. ↑ "Deadly attack on Mali election convoy". AAP. 1 August 2018. Retrieved 2 August 2018.
  24. ↑ The party officially supports Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta: Présidentielle 2018: l'Adema soutient le président IBK
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