The Sultanate of Mataram was the last major independent Javanese kingdom on the island of Java before it was colonised by the Dutch. It was the dominant political force radiating from the interior of Central Java from the late 16th century until the beginning of the 18th century.
Kraton or keraton is a type of royal palace in Java, Indonesia. Its name is derived from the Javanese ka-ratu-an, meaning residence of the ratu, the traditional honorific title for a monarch. In Java, the palace of a prince is called pura or dalem, while the general word for palace is istana, identical to Malay.
Hamengkubuwono I, born Raden Mas Sujana, was the first sultan of Yogyakarta. He reigned from 1755 to 1792.
The Treaty of Giyanti was signed and ratified on February 13, 1755, between Prince Mangkubumi, the Dutch East India Company, and Sunan Pakubuwono III along with his allies. The accord officially divided the Sultanate of Mataram between Mangkubumi and Pakubuwono. The name "Giyanti" was taken from the location of the signing of the agreement, namely in Giyanti Village which is now located in Hamlet Kerten, Jantiharjo Village, southeast of Karanganyar, Central Java.
Pakubuwono X was, despite his regnal name, the ninth Susuhunan (Monarch) of Surakarta. He reigned from the 1893 to 1939, making him the longest reigning Sunan in the history of Surakarta.
The Duchy of Pakualaman also written Paku Alaman; Dutch-spelling: Pakoe-alaman) is a minor Javanese princely state within the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. It was created in 1812 when Natakusuma was rewarded for helping the British quell the conflict in Yogyakarta in June 1812. It became the mirror image of Mangkunegaran in the territory of the Surakarta Sunanate.
Mangkunegara IV was the fourth ruler of Mangkunegaran, a principality based in Surakarta, Java, ruling from 1853 to his death in 1881. He was son-in-law of Mangkunegara III. His title before ascending was Prince Adipati Prangwedana III.
Pakubuwono XII was the twelfth Susuhunan and the longest ruling of all monarchs in Surakarta history.
Hamengkubuwono VII was the seventh sultan of Yogyakarta, reigning from 22 December 1877 to 29 January 1921.
Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Arya Mangkunegara VIII was an Indonesian politician. He came to power in 1944 and was the last ruler of Mangkunegaran, in Java, in modern Indonesia. He experienced the Dutch colonial period and the beginning of Indonesia's independence. Mangkunegara VIII was the son of Mangkunegara VII, by Gusti Raden Ayu Retnaningrum, one of his secondary wives. The queen consort Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Timur had only one child, a daughter named Gusti Raden Ayu Siti Nurul Kusumawardhani.
Mangkunegara II, also known as Prince Adipati Prangwedana I, Prince Surya Mataram, Prince Surya Mangkubumi, was the second ruler of Mangkunegaran in Java in the eighteenth century who succeeded to the throne of his grandfather, Mangkunegara I. His reign lasted from 1796 to 1835. Mangkunegara II was the son of Crown Prince Arya Prabumijaya I, who was the son of Mangkunegara I. Upon his death in 1835, he was the last male descendant Prince Sambernyawa to be named the Duke of Mangkunegaran.
Kangjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Arya Mangkunegara I, also known as Pangeran Sambernyawa, his birth name was Raden Mas Said, established the Puro Mangkunegaran, in Surakarta, Java Island. Thus, he was the first ruler of The Principality of Mangkunegaran.
Surakarta Sunanate is a Javanese monarchy centred in the city of Surakarta, in the province of Central Java, Indonesia.
Mangkunegara VI was the prince of Mangkunegaran from 1896 to 1916.
Pakubuwono I, uncle of Amangkurat III of Mataram was a combatant for the succession of the Mataram dynasty, both as a co-belligerent during the Trunajaya rebellion, and the First Javanese War of Succession (1704–1707).
Prince Mangkunagara VII of a noble house of Hadiwijayan Kaliabu was ruler of the Mangkunegaran Palace and lands in Surakarta in Central Java in Indonesia from 1916 to 1944, reigning during both World Wars. This first Scouting organization in Indonesia was established on the initiative of Sri Paduka Mangkunagara VII in 1916. Noto Soeroto served as his personal secretary.
The Third Javanese War of Succession was an armed conflict from 1749 to 1757 on the island of Java. It led to the partition of the Mataram Sultanate into two and later three nominally independent 'Princely States': Surakarta, Yogyakarta and Mangkunegara.
The Special Region of Surakarta was a de-facto provincial-level autonomous region of Indonesia that existed between August 1945 and July 1946. The establishment of this special autonomy status during this period was never established by a separate law based on Article 18 of the original Constitution, but only by a Presidential Determination Charter on 19 August 1945 and Law No. 1 Year 1945 on the Position of the Regional National Committee.
The Pura Mangkunegaran is a palace complex in the city of Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. It is the official palace and residence of the Duke of Mangkunegara and his family. The palace complex is one of the centers of Javanese culture and contains a museum exhibiting royal artifacts of Mangkunegaran.
