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The Allardyce Range is a mountain range rising south of Cumberland Bay and dominating the central part of South Georgia, a UK overseas territory. It extends for 50 km (31 mi) from Mount Globus in the northwest to Mount Brooker in the southeast, with peaks of 2,000 to 2,935 m and including Mount Paget the highest peak of the range and also the highest point in the UK territory. Other peaks of the range include Mount Roots.
Fortuna Glacier is a tidewater glacier at the mouth of Cumberland Bay on the island of South Georgia. It flows in a northeast direction to its terminus just west of Cape Best, with an eastern distributary almost reaching the west side of Fortuna Bay, on the north coast of South Georgia. It was named in about 1912, presumably after the whale catcher Fortuna, and is notable for two major events in the 20th century.
The Salvesen Mountains or Salvesen Range is a mountain range on the southern tip of South Georgia, rising to a maximum elevation of 2,330 metres (7,644 ft). They were created 127 million years ago and are made mainly from granite. The Cretaceous granite is embedded into the Jurassic basaltic lavas and dolerite dykes. Both of which are black so they create a striking colour contrast in exposures. Both the granite and the basalt were formed from rising magma formed on the divergent plate boundary where the southern Atlantic Ocean opened. The main ranges of South Georgia famously crossed by Ernest Shackleton in 1916, are less rugged and precipitous than the Salvesen Mountains as they are formed from folded sandstone. These were formed from sand deposition, the sediment for which was derived from erosion of the igneous rocks and rifting continental blocks.
Drygalski Fjord is a bay 1 mile (1.6 km) wide which recedes northwestwards 7 miles (11 km), entered immediately north of Nattriss Head along the southeast coast of South Georgia. It was charted by the Second German Antarctic Expedition, 1911–12, under Wilhelm Filchner, and named for Professor Erich von Drygalski, the leader of the First German Antarctica Expedition, 1901–03.
Mount Sugartop is a prominent, partly snow-covered mountain, 2,325 m, standing 5 miles (8 km) northwest of Mount Paget in the Allardyce Range of South Georgia. The name "Sugarloaf Peak" has appeared on maps for this feature for many years, but the South Georgia Survey, following its 1951-52 surveying expedition, reported that the name Mount Sugartop is well established locally for this mountain. This latter name is approved on the basis of local usage.
Webb Glacier is a glacier, 2 miles (3.2 km) long, flowing southeast from Mount Brooker into Ross Glacier on the north side of South Georgia. Surveyed by the South Georgia Survey, 1954–55. Named for Edgar Clive Webb, member of the SGS who, with Ian.M. Brooker, climbed Mount Brooker on January 30, 1955. This glacier forms part of the approach route to the mountain.
Mount Woodward is a mountain, 770 m, standing 1.5 miles (2.4 km) east of the mouth of Antarctic Bay on the north coast of South Georgia. Surveyed by the SGS in the period 1951–57, and named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Roswall Woodward, of New Haven, Connecticut, who in 1790 commanded one of the first two American sealing vessels to visit South Georgia. Nearby Antarctic Bay was at one time known as "Woodward Harbour", but this name did not survive.
Paulsen Peak is a rock peak, 1,875 m, standing near the head of Lyell Glacier, 2 miles (3.2 km) northwest of Mount Sugartop in the Allardyce Range of South Georgia. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC), following mapping by the SGS, 1951–52, for Harald B. Paulsen (1898–1951), a leading figure in the Norwegian whaling industry.
Larsen Harbour is a narrow 2.6 miles (4.2 km) long inlet of indenting volcanic rocks and sheeted dykes known as the Larsen Harbour Formation. It is a branch of Drygalski Fjord, entered 2.5 miles (4 km) west-northwest of Nattriss Head, at the southeast end of South Georgia Island. It was charted by the Second German Antarctic Expedition, 1911–12, under Filchner, who named it for Captain Carl Anton Larsen a Norwegian explorer, who made significant contributions to the exploration of Antarctica. The most significant of these was the first discovery of fossils on the continent, for which he received the Back Grant from the Royal Geographical Society. Larsen is also considered the founder of the Antarctic whaling industry and the settlement and whaling station of Grytviken, South Georgia.
Mount Antell is a mountain rising above 610 metres (2,000 ft), overlooking the north coast of South Georgia midway between Bjelland Point and Hercules Point. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Georg Antell, foreman of the South Georgia Whaling Company station at nearby Leith Harbour, 1913–39.
Mount Baume is a mountain, 1,910 metres (6,270 ft) high, rising midway along the north flank of Novosilski Glacier near the southeast end of South Georgia. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey (SGS) in the period 1951–57 and named for Louis C. Baume, a member of the SGS in 1955–56. The first ascent was made on 27 September 2016 by Caradoc Jones, Skip Novak, Simon Richardson and Stephen Venables.
Mount Corneliussen is a mountain, 1,540 metres (5,050 ft) high, standing 1 nautical mile (2 km) north of Mount Globus at the west end of the Allardyce Range of South Georgia. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Norwegian engineers Carl and Erling Corneliussen, who between 1923 and 1938 were responsible for improvements in whaling equipment, especially devices in connection with explosive harpoons.
Fusilier Mountain is a mountain rising to 810 metres (2,660 ft) on the north side of Heaney Glacier, 2.7 nautical miles (5 km) west of Mount Skittle, on the north coast of South Georgia. The field name "Dome Mountain" was used by the South Georgia Survey, 1951–52. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1991 after the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers, established in 1688, one of the oldest Regiments in the British Army. A detachment of the 3rd Battalion RRF, commanded by Captain PMD Harris RRF was stationed at Grytviken in the austral winter of 1988.
Mount Dow is a mountain, 1,680 metres (5,510 ft) high, standing at the south side of Novosilski Glacier, 1 nautical mile (2 km) west of the north end of Mount Carse in the south part of South Georgia. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for American whaling historian George F. Dow, the author of Whale Ships and Whaling: A Pictorial History of Whaling During Three Centuries.
Mount Fagerli is a mountain rising to 1,880 metres (6,170 ft) in the Allardyce Range of South Georgia, standing 1 nautical mile (2 km) southwest of Marikoppa on the north side of Kjerulf Glacier. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Soren Fagerli, Manager of the Compañía Argentina de Pesca station in Grytviken from 1938 to 1948.
Mount Kling is a mountain, 1,845 m, between Nordenskjold Peak and Mount Brooker in the Allardyce Range of South Georgia. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Alfred Kling, navigator of the Deutschland during the German Antarctic Expedition, 1911–12, under Filchner. The first ascent was made on 21 January 1990 by Julian Freeman-Attwood and Lindsay Griffin, members of the Southern Ocean Mountaineering Expedition.
Mount Macklin is a mountain having 2 peaks, the higher at 1,900 metres (6,200 ft), between Mount Carse and Douglas Crag in the southern part of the Salvesen Range of South Georgia. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Alexander H. Macklin, the medical officer of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition under Ernest Shackleton, 1914–16. Macklin accompanied Shackleton in the voyage of the James Caird from Elephant Island to King Haakon Bay, South Georgia.
Mount Senderens is a mountain, 1,315 m, standing close south of Mount Sabatier and 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) north of Rogged Bay at the south end of South Georgia. The feature appears on charts dating back to the 1930s. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Jean-Baptiste Senderens (1856–1937), French chemist, whose work with Paul Sabatier led to the introduction in about 1907 of the hydrogenation process for hardening whale oil.
Sørlle Buttress is a mountain rising above 1,370 metres (4,490 ft), between Mount Spaaman and Three Brothers in the Allardyce Range of South Georgia. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951-57 and named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Petter Sørlle (1884–1922), a Norwegian whaling captain and inventor who, in 1922, took out a patent for his whaling slipway. Sørlle was the first manager of the United Whalers station at Stromness.
Larssen Peak is a peak, 1,550 metres (5,100 ft) high, between the Three Brothers and Marikoppa in the Allardyce Range of South Georgia. It was surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Harald Larssen, manager at the Compañía Argentina de Pesca station, Grytviken, 1951–54.
References
This article incorporates public domain material from "Marikoppa". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey.
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