Mario Barbatti

Last updated
Mario Barbatti
BornDecember 28, 1971 (1971-12-28) (age 52)
Petropolis, Brazil
Alma mater Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
Known for Newton-X and Mixed quantum-classical dynamics
AwardsA*Midex Chair of Excellence

ERC Advanced Grant

Institut Universitaire de France
Scientific career
Fields Theoretical Chemistry
Institutions Aix Marseille University (current)

Institut Universitaire de France (current) Max Planck Institute for Coal Research

Contents

University of Vienna

Mario Barbatti (born December 28, 1971) is a Brazilian physicist, computational theoretical chemist, and writer. He is specialized in the development and application of mixed quantum-classical dynamics for the study of molecular excited states. [1] He is also the leading developer of the Newton-X software package for dynamics simulations. Mario Barbatti held an A*Midex Chair of Excellence at the Aix Marseille University between 2015 and 2019, where he is a professor since 2015.

Honors and awards

Scientific contributions, interests, and production

By the end of 2019, Mario Barbatti had published over 150 scientific works, which had been cited about 7000 times (h-index 48). [4]

Since 2007, Barbatti has been the leading developer of the Newton-X platform, [5] a software collection for dynamics and spectrum simulations, using surface hopping and the nuclear ensemble approach. Using dynamics and other quantum chemical methods, his research has focused on the simulations of the ultrafast photochemistry and photophysics of organic molecules.

Among his main contributions, Barbatti, in collaboration with Hans Lischka, delivered a comprehensive map of the internal conversion channels of nucleobases. [6] [7] These results help to explain how DNA is stabilized after UV excitation.

Although Barbatti's research has been strongly oriented towards photoinduced processes in nucleic acids, he and his co-workers have contributed to many different sub-fields.

In 2013, in collaboration with Walter Thiel, they showed how UV irradiation can generate nucleobases out of inorganic components. [8] Although this chemical reaction has been known since the 1960s, their work was the first one to unveil the exact reaction mechanism.

Barbatti also discovered a new internal conversion mechanism, allowing molecules quickly return to ground state. In this mechanism, a conical intersection between the ground and the excited electronic states is formed by an electron transfer from the solvent to the excited chromophore. [9] This solvent-chromophore electron-transfer mechanism has been predicted to occur in 7H-adenine in water.

Barbatti and his colleagues at the Federal University of Paraiba have shown that CH...Cl hydrogen bonds can be formed in small molecules in the gas phase. [10] This type of bond had previously been observed only in densely packed crystal structures.

He has also contributed on topics in organic photodevices, [11] astrochemistry, [12] and atmospheric photochemistry. [13]

Currently,[ when? ] Barbatti and his team—the Light and Molecules group —are focusing on method developments, [14] attempting to extend the excited-state simulation methods into the nanosecond regime. [15] In a collaboration with Pavlo Dral and Walter Thiel, they implemented one of the first algorithms for nonadiabatic dynamics using machine learning. [16]

Popularization and presence in the media

Some of the main results from Barbatti's work have been picked by diverse news outlets. These media have dedicated special attention to his research on internal conversion of nucleobases, [17] [18] [19] prebiotic reactions, [20] [21] [22] and new chemical reactions and mechanisms. [23] [24] His work is also popularized through blog posts on his group website and YouTube channel.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Excimer</span> Excited dimeric molecule containing a noble gas

An excimer is a short-lived polyatomic molecule formed from two species that do not form a stable molecule in the ground state. In this case, formation of molecules is possible only if such atom is in an electronic excited state. Heteronuclear molecules and molecules that have more than two species are also called exciplex molecules. Excimers are often diatomic and are composed of two atoms or molecules that would not bond if both were in the ground state. The lifetime of an excimer is very short, on the order of nanoseconds.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Singlet oxygen</span> Oxygen with all of its electrons spin paired

Singlet oxygen, systematically named dioxygen(singlet) and dioxidene, is a gaseous inorganic chemical with the formula O=O (also written as 1
[O
2] or 1
O
2), which is in a quantum state where all electrons are spin paired. It is kinetically unstable at ambient temperature, but the rate of decay is slow.

Vibronic coupling in a molecule involves the interaction between electronic and nuclear vibrational motion. The term "vibronic" originates from the combination of the terms "vibrational" and "electronic", denoting the idea that in a molecule, vibrational and electronic interactions are interrelated and influence each other. The magnitude of vibronic coupling reflects the degree of such interrelation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Photosensitizer</span> Type of molecule reacting to light

Photosensitizers are light absorbers that alter the course of a photochemical reaction. They usually are catalysts. They can function by many mechanisms, sometimes they donate an electron to the substrate, sometimes they abstract a hydrogen atom from the substrate. At the end of this process, the photosensitizer returns to its ground state, where it remains chemically intact, poised to absorb more light. One branch of chemistry which frequently utilizes photosensitizers is polymer chemistry, using photosensitizers in reactions such as photopolymerization, photocrosslinking, and photodegradation. Photosensitizers are also used to generate prolonged excited electronic states in organic molecules with uses in photocatalysis, photon upconversion and photodynamic therapy. Generally, photosensitizers absorb electromagnetic radiation consisting of infrared radiation, visible light radiation, and ultraviolet radiation and transfer absorbed energy into neighboring molecules. This absorption of light is made possible by photosensitizers' large de-localized π-systems, which lowers the energy of HOMO and LUMO orbitals to promote photoexcitation. While many photosensitizers are organic or organometallic compounds, there are also examples of using semiconductor quantum dots as photosensitizers.

Semi-empirical quantum chemistry methods are based on the Hartree–Fock formalism, but make many approximations and obtain some parameters from empirical data. They are very important in computational chemistry for treating large molecules where the full Hartree–Fock method without the approximations is too expensive. The use of empirical parameters appears to allow some inclusion of electron correlation effects into the methods.

Todd J. Martínez is a David Mulvane Ehrsam and Edward Curtis Franklin Professor of Chemistry at Stanford University and a Professor of Photon Science at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory.

The ab initio multiple spawning, or AIMS, method is a time-dependent formulation of quantum chemistry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Molecular sensor</span>

A molecular sensor or chemosensor is a molecular structure that is used for sensing of an analyte to produce a detectable change or a signal. The action of a chemosensor, relies on an interaction occurring at the molecular level, usually involves the continuous monitoring of the activity of a chemical species in a given matrix such as solution, air, blood, tissue, waste effluents, drinking water, etc. The application of chemosensors is referred to as chemosensing, which is a form of molecular recognition. All chemosensors are designed to contain a signalling moiety and a recognition moiety, that is connected either directly to each other or through a some kind of connector or a spacer. The signalling is often optically based electromagnetic radiation, giving rise to changes in either the ultraviolet and visible absorption or the emission properties of the sensors. Chemosensors may also be electrochemically based. Small molecule sensors are related to chemosensors. These are traditionally, however, considered as being structurally simple molecules and reflect the need to form chelating molecules for complexing ions in analytical chemistry. Chemosensors are synthetic analogues of biosensors, the difference being that biosensors incorporate biological receptors such as antibodies, aptamers or large biopolymers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anna Krylov</span> Theoretical chemist

Anna Igorevna Krylov is the USC Associates Chair in Natural Sciences and Professor of Chemistry at the University of Southern California (USC). Working in the field of theoretical and computational quantum chemistry, she is the inventor of the spin-flip method. Krylov is the president of Q-Chem, Inc. and an elected member of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science, the Academia Europaea, and the American Academy of Sciences and Letters.

In organic chemistry, the di-π-methane rearrangement is the photochemical rearrangement of a molecule that contains two π-systems separated by a saturated carbon atom. In the aliphatic case, this molecules is a 1,4-diene; in the aromatic case, an allyl-substituted arene. The reaction forms (respectively) an ene- or aryl-substituted cyclopropane. Formally, it amounts to a 1,2 shift of one ene group or the aryl group, followed by bond formation between the lateral carbons of the non-migrating moiety:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Photomagnetism</span>

Photomagnetism is the effect in which a material acquires its ferromagnetic properties in response to light. The current model for this phenomenon is a light induced electron transfer, accompanied by the reversal of the spin direction of an electron. This leads to an increase in spin concentration, causing the magnetic transition. Currently the effect is only observed to persist at very low temperature. But at temperatures such as 5K, the effect may persist for several days.

Surface hopping is a mixed quantum-classical technique that incorporates quantum mechanical effects into molecular dynamics simulations. Traditional molecular dynamics assume the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, where the lighter electrons adjust instantaneously to the motion of the nuclei. Though the Born-Oppenheimer approximation is applicable to a wide range of problems, there are several applications, such as photoexcited dynamics, electron transfer, and surface chemistry where this approximation falls apart. Surface hopping partially incorporates the non-adiabatic effects by including excited adiabatic surfaces in the calculations, and allowing for 'hops' between these surfaces, subject to certain criteria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Newton-X</span> Molecular dynamics simulation software

Newton-X is a general program for molecular dynamics simulations beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. It has been primarily used for simulations of ultrafast processes in photoexcited molecules. It has also been used for simulation of band envelops of absorption and emission spectra.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Quantum photoelectrochemistry</span>

Quantum photoelectrochemistry is the investigation of the quantum mechanical nature of photoelectrochemistry, the subfield of study within physical chemistry concerned with the interaction of light with electrochemical systems, typically through the application of quantum chemical calculations. Quantum photoelectrochemistry provides an expansion of quantum electrochemistry to processes involving also the interaction with light (photons). It therefore also includes essential elements of photochemistry. Key aspects of quantum photoelectrochemistry are calculations of optical excitations, photoinduced electron and energy transfer processes, excited state evolution, as well as interfacial charge separation and charge transport in nanoscale energy conversion systems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oleg Prezhdo</span> Ukrainian–American physical chemist (born 1970)

Oleg V. Prezhdo is a Ukrainian–American physical chemist whose research focuses on non-adiabatic molecular dynamics and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). His research interests range from fundamental aspects of semi-classical and quantum-classical physics to excitation dynamics in condensed matter and biological systems. His research group focuses on the development of new theoretical models and computational tools aimed at understanding chemical reactivity and energy transfer at a molecular level in complex condensed phase environment. Since 2014, he is a professor of chemistry and of physics & astronomy at the University of Southern California.

Formamide-based prebiotic chemistry is a reconstruction of the beginnings of life on Earth, assuming that formamide could accumulate in sufficiently high amounts to serve as the building block and reaction medium for the synthesis of the first biogenic molecules.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hans Lischka</span>

Hans Lischka is an Austrian computational theoretical chemist specialized on development and application of multireference methods for the study of molecular excited states. He is the main developer of the software package Columbus for ab initio multireference calculations and co-developer of the Newton-X program.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mixed quantum-classical dynamics</span> Computational chemistry methods to simulate non-adiabatic processes

Mixed quantum-classical (MQC) dynamics is a class of computational theoretical chemistry methods tailored to simulate non-adiabatic (NA) processes in molecular and supramolecular chemistry. Such methods are characterized by:

  1. Propagation of nuclear dynamics through classical trajectories;
  2. Propagation of the electrons through quantum methods;
  3. A feedback algorithm between the electronic and nuclear subsystems to recover nonadiabatic information.
<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nuclear ensemble approach</span> Semiclassical approach for molecular spectrum simulations.

The Nuclear Ensemble Approach (NEA) is a general method for simulations of diverse types of molecular spectra. It works by sampling an ensemble of molecular conformations in the source state, computing the transition probabilities to the target states for each of these geometries, and performing a sum over all these transitions convoluted with shape function. The result is an incoherent spectrum containing absolute band shapes through inhomogeneous broadening.

Dimitra Markovitsi is a Greek-French photochemist. She is currently an Emeritus Research Director at the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS). She pioneered studies on the electronically excited states of liquid crystals and made significant advances to the understanding of processes triggered in DNA upon absorption of UV radiation. The two facets of her work have been the subject of a recent Marie Skodowska Curie European training network entitled "Light DyNAmics - DNA as a training platform for photodynamic processes in soft materials."

References

  1. ↑ Crespo-Otero, Rachel; Barbatti, Mario (2018-08-08). "Recent Advances and Perspectives on Nonadiabatic Mixed Quantum–Classical Dynamics" (PDF). Chemical Reviews. 118 (15): 7026–7068. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00577. ISSN   0009-2665. PMID   29767966.
  2. ↑ "European Academy of Sciences - Mario Barbatti". www.eurasc.org.
  3. ↑ "Les membres - Institut Universitaire de France". www.iufrance.fr. Retrieved 1 July 2021.
  4. ↑ "Mario Barbatti - Google Scholar Citations". scholar.google.de. Retrieved 2019-12-29.
  5. ↑ Barbatti, Mario; Ruckenbauer, Matthias; Plasser, Felix; Pittner, Jiri; Granucci, Giovanni; Persico, Maurizio; Lischka, Hans (2014). "Newton-X: a surface-hopping program for nonadiabatic molecular dynamics". WIREs Computational Molecular Science. 4 (1): 26–33. doi:10.1002/wcms.1158. ISSN   1759-0884. S2CID   60777813.
  6. ↑ Barbatti, Mario; Aquino, Adélia J. A.; Szymczak, Jaroslaw J.; Nachtigallová, Dana; Hobza, Pavel; Lischka, Hans (2010-12-14). "Relaxation mechanisms of UV-photoexcited DNA and RNA nucleobases". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107 (50): 21453–21458. Bibcode:2010PNAS..10721453B. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1014982107 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   3003128 . PMID   21115845.
  7. ↑ Barbatti, Mario; Borin, Antonio Carlos; Ullrich, Susanne (2014), Barbatti, Mario; Borin, Antonio Carlos; Ullrich, Susanne (eds.), "Photoinduced Processes in Nucleic Acids", Photoinduced Phenomena in Nucleic Acids I, Springer International Publishing, vol. 355, pp. 1–32, doi:10.1007/128_2014_569, ISBN   978-3-319-13370-6, PMID   25381199
  8. ↑ Boulanger, Eliot; Anoop, Anakuthil; Nachtigallova, Dana; Thiel, Walter; Barbatti, Mario (2013-07-29). "Photochemical Steps in the Prebiotic Synthesis of Purine Precursors from HCN". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 52 (31): 8000–8003. doi:10.1002/anie.201303246. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0014-A349-D. PMID   23784979.
  9. ↑ Barbatti, Mario (2014-07-23). "Photorelaxation Induced by Water–Chromophore Electron Transfer". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 136 (29): 10246–10249. doi:10.1021/ja505387c. hdl: 11858/00-001M-0000-0024-A591-C . ISSN   0002-7863. PMID   25010652. S2CID   207112041.
  10. ↑ de Medeiros, Vanessa C.; de Andrade, Railton B.; Leitão, Ezequiel F. V.; Ventura, Elizete; Bauerfeldt, Glauco F.; Barbatti, Mario; do Monte, Silmar A. (2016-01-13). "Photochemistry of CH3Cl: Dissociation and CH···Cl Hydrogen Bond Formation" (PDF). Journal of the American Chemical Society. 138 (1): 272–280. doi:10.1021/jacs.5b10573. ISSN   0002-7863. PMID   26653216.
  11. ↑ Fazzi, Daniele; Barbatti, Mario; Thiel, Walter (2017-10-05). "Hot and Cold Charge-Transfer Mechanisms in Organic Photovoltaics: Insights into the Excited States of Donor/Acceptor Interfaces" (PDF). The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 8 (19): 4727–4734. doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02144. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-002E-9D60-C. ISSN   1948-7185. PMID   28903560. S2CID   46862226.
  12. ↑ Barbatti, Mario; Nascimento, Marco Antonio Chaer (2012-10-05). "Does the H+5 hydrogen cluster exist in dense interstellar clouds?". International Journal of Quantum Chemistry. 112 (19): 3169–3173. doi:10.1002/qua.24110.
  13. ↑ Pereira Rodrigues, Gessenildo; Lopes de Lima, Thayana Maria; de Andrade, Railton Barbosa; Ventura, Elizete; do Monte, Silmar Andrade; Barbatti, Mario (2019-03-14). "Photoinduced Formation of H-Bonded Ion Pair in HCFC-133a" (PDF). The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 123 (10): 1953–1961. Bibcode:2019JPCA..123.1953P. doi:10.1021/acs.jpca.8b12482. ISSN   1089-5639. PMID   30786711. S2CID   73466468.
  14. ↑ Barbatti, Mario (2020-08-11). "Simulation of Excitation by Sunlight in Mixed Quantum-Classical Dynamics". Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation. 16 (8): 4849–4856. doi:10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00501. ISSN   1549-9618. PMC   7426902 . PMID   32579345.
  15. ↑ "Interview with Mario Barbatti, the first Brazilian ERC Advanced grant awardee". EURAXESS. 2019-05-30. Retrieved 2019-12-29.
  16. ↑ Dral, Pavlo O.; Barbatti, Mario; Thiel, Walter (2018-10-04). "Nonadiabatic Excited-State Dynamics with Machine Learning". The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 9 (19): 5660–5663. doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02469. ISSN   1948-7185. PMC   6174422 . PMID   30200766.
  17. ↑ "Electrons on the fast lane". News-Medical.net. 2009-02-23. Retrieved 2019-12-29.
  18. ↑ "How do DNA components resist damaging UV exposure?". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 2019-12-29.
  19. ↑ "Physicists uncover new data on adenine, a crucial building block of life". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 2019-12-29.
  20. ↑ "Scientists Discover How Life is Formed Out of Dead Matter". Nature World News. 2013-06-25. Retrieved 2019-12-29.
  21. ↑ "Excited, but cold: Scientists unveil the secret of a reaction for prebiotic synthesis of organic matter". phys.org. Retrieved 2019-12-29.
  22. ↑ "Spark of life". The Telegraph. Retrieved 2019-12-29.
  23. ↑ Solvent Matters! Effect of Environment on Photorelaxation (2014-08-06). "Spotlights on Recent JACS Publications". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 136 (31): 10821–10822. doi:10.1021/ja5076508. ISSN   0002-7863.
  24. ↑ "Quand Chlore et Hydrogène vivent une liaison électrique". Archives des actualités de l'INC - CNRS (in French). Retrieved 2019-12-29.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.