Martha Elizabeth Newton | |
---|---|
Born | 11 November 1941 Littlemoss, UK |
Died | 4 January 2020 78) | (aged
Alma mater | University College of North Wales, Bangor, UK |
Scientific career | |
Fields | bryology, cytology |
Martha Elizabeth Newton (11 November 1941 - 4 January 2020) was a British bryologist and botanist, specialising in cytology and field surveying.
Newton was born in 1941 at her family's Lumm Farm, Littlemoss, Limehurst in Lancashire. She had one sister. She attended Littlemoss School and then Hyde County Grammar School for a year before transferring to the new Astley County Grammar School. She became interested in natural history as a child and her interest was encouraged by her parents. [1] Newton attended University of Manchester and graduated in 1964 with a BSc, having specialised in botany and zoology. She was awarded a PhD by the University of Wales in 1967.
Her first academic post in 1964 was as a research assistant at University College of North Wales, Bangor with Tony (AJE) Smith. From 1967 until 1973 she worked for the British Antarctic Survey, then briefly on the chromosomes of mosquito (Aedes aegypti). From 1976 she held short-term posts at Manchester Museum, University of Manchester, University of Leeds, University of Liverpool and Liverpool World Museum. [1] In 1990 she became a consultant and organised field courses.
During her doctoral work at Bangor she found her speciality in the cytology of mosses and liverworts as well as their identification and biogeography. She recorded the chromosome number of a large number of UK bryophytes during this time and was able to continue with this work until 1990 while in several academic posts where she undertook teaching, recording, editorial work and organised events. Her data was included in the monograph Liverwort flora of the British Isles. [2]
Her expertise in bryophyte identification and biogeography led to her consultancy work for the Countryside Council for Wales in the 1990s. She undertook the baseline assessment of liverworts in north-west Wales in 2001 - 2003. Newton also pioneered the use of fixed quadrats for monitoring bryophytes. Between 2004 and 2012 she monitored Afon Ty-cerrig for the Environment Agency for one of the few detailed records of bryophytes both before and after a hydropower scheme was installed. [1]
She joined the British Bryological Society in 1964 and was elected as a council member in 1977 and 1978. She was meetings secretary from 1980-88 and then general secretary from 1989-99. [1]
The field courses that she ran for 40 years for the Field Studies Council and Scottish Field Studies Association about bryology were extremely popular despite containing extensive field-work followed by laboratory study in the evenings. [3]
In 1986 she was awarded a DSc by the University of Manchester. In 2003 she was awarded honorary membership of the British Bryological Society. [4]
Newton died 4 January 2020 having lived in her family home in Stalybridge for most of her life. [1]
Newton was author or co-author of over 70 publications. [1] These included monographs and book chapters as well as scientific papers. They included:
Newton also contributed to distribution maps of several bryophyte species in volumes of the Atlas of the Bryophytes of Britain and Ireland published between 1991 and 1994. [1] Some of the specimens she collected are in the Natural History Museum herbarium. [5]
The Marchantiophyta are a division of non-vascular land plants commonly referred to as hepatics or liverworts. Like mosses and hornworts, they have a gametophyte-dominant life cycle, in which cells of the plant carry only a single set of genetic information.
Metzgeriales is an order of liverworts. The group is sometimes called the simple thalloid liverworts: "thalloid" because the members lack structures resembling stems or leaves, and "simple" because their tissues are thin and relatively undifferentiated. All species in the order have a small gametophyte stage and a smaller, relatively short-lived, spore-bearing stage. Although these plants are almost entirely restricted to regions with high humidity or readily available moisture, the group as a whole is widely distributed, and occurs on every continent except Antarctica.
Bryology is the branch of botany concerned with the scientific study of bryophytes. Bryologists are people who have an active interest in observing, recording, classifying or researching bryophytes. The field is often studied along with lichenology due to the similar appearance and ecological niche of the two organisms, even though bryophytes and lichens are not classified in the same kingdom.
Ilma Grace Stone, née Balfe, was an Australian botanist who specialised in bryology. She was an author, collector, and researcher of Australian mosses, a subject on which she lectured and wrote.
William Mitten, was an English pharmaceutical chemist and authority on bryophytes who has been called "the premier bryologist of the second half of the nineteenth century".
The British Bryological Society is an academic society dedicated to bryology, which encourages the study of bryophytes. It publishes the peer-reviewed Journal of Bryology.
Botany is a natural science concerned with the study of plants. The main branches of botany are commonly divided into three groups: core topics, concerned with the study of the fundamental natural phenomena and processes of plant life, the classification and description of plant diversity; applied topics which study the ways in which plants may be used for economic benefit in horticulture, agriculture and forestry; and organismic topics which focus on plant groups such as algae, mosses or flowering plants.
Mylia taylorii, or Taylor's flapwort, is a species of leafy liverwort.
A.L. Kathleen King (1893–1978) was an Irish botanist and one of Ireland's leading field bryologists.
William Campbell Steere (1907–1989) was an American botanist known as an expert on bryophytes, especially arctic and tropical American species. The standard author abbreviation Steere is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Ursula Katherine Duncan was a botanist with a special interest in mosses and lichens, and a lifelong love and knowledge of flowers. She was entirely self-educated in botany, and corresponded with numerous professional and amateur colleagues, who contributed to her scientific development. She published on bryology, lichenology and vascular plants. The University of Dundee awarded her an honorary doctorate in 1969 for her work as a plant taxonomist and soon after, she was chosen to receive the Linnaean Society's H. H. Bloomer Award for 1973. As well as pursuing her botanical interests, she took charge of the Duncan family's Scottish estate.
Jan-Peter Frahm was a German botanist dedicated to the study of mosses. The standard author abbreviation J.-P.Frahm is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Margaret Sibella Brown was a Canadian bryologist specializing in mosses and liverworts native to Nova Scotia. Although lacking formal scientific training, she has been recognized for her contributions to bryology and as an authority on the mosses and liverworts of Nova Scotia. Samples she collected are now housed at major herbaria in North America and Europe.
Lewis Edward Anderson was an American botanist dedicated to the study of mosses, and was an expert on the North American bryoflora.
William Henry Pearson (1849–1923) was an English bryologist, known as an outstanding expert on British liverworts (hepatics).
Suzanne Jovet-Ast (1914–2006) was a French botanist, who worked principally at the National Museum of Natural History, France.
Silvia Pressel is a botanist and head of the LS Algae, Fungi and Plants Division of the Natural History Museum, London.
Geneva Sayre was an American bryologist and bibliographer. She "pioneered bibliographical and historical bryology, a new field in the study, evaluation, and organization of the literature of bryology."
Eric Vernon Watson (1914–1999) was a British bryologist. His book British Mosses and Liverworts was for many years the standard work on the bryophyte flora for the British Isles.
Jean Annette Paton is a British botanist, bryologist and botanical illustrator. She has written many books on the bryology of the United Kingdom and the flora of Cornwall, and described several new species.