Massachusetts gubernatorial election, 2002

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Massachusetts gubernatorial election, 2002
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←  1998 November 5, 2002 2006  →
Turnout 55.29% Increase2.svg 4.1 [1]

  Mitt Romney 2005.jpg Shannon O'Brien (cropped).jpg
Nominee Mitt Romney Shannon O'Brien
Party Republican Democratic
Running mate Kerry Healey Chris Gabrieli
Popular vote1,091,988985,981
Percentage49.8%44.9%
Massachusetts gubernatorial election results by municipality, 2002.svg
Municipality Results
Governor before election

Jane Swift
Republican

Elected Governor

Mitt Romney
Republican

The Massachusetts gubernatorial election of 2002 was held on November 5, 2002. Republican businessman and eventual 2012 presidential nominee Mitt Romney defeated Democratic State Treasurer Shannon O'Brien, and was elected to a four-year term, which he served from January 2, 2003 until January 4, 2007. Every four years, Massachusetts holds statewide elections for Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Secretary of the Commonwealth, State Treasurer, and Auditor. The primary election was September 17, 2002.

Republican Party (United States) Major political party in the United States

The Republican Party, also referred to as the GOP, is one of the two major political parties in the United States; the other is its historic rival, the Democratic Party.

Mitt Romney United States Senator from Utah

Willard Mitt Romney is an American politician and businessman serving as the junior United States senator from Utah since January 2019. He previously served as the 70th Governor of Massachusetts from 2003 to 2007 and was the Republican Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2012 election.

Contents

Republican primary

Governor

In 2002, Republican Lieutenant Governor Jane Swift was expected to campaign for the governor's office, and she had said she would in October 2001. [2] Swift had been serving as acting governor after Republican Governor Paul Cellucci resigned upon being appointed U.S. Ambassador to Canada. [2] However, Swift was viewed as an unpopular executive, and her administration was plagued by political missteps and personal and ethical controversies. [2] [3] [4] Many Republicans viewed her as a liability and considered her unable to win a general election against a Democrat. [5]

Jane Swift American politician

Jane Maria Swift is an education executive, speaker and former political leader who served as the 69th Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts from 1999 to 2003 and Governor from 2001 to 2003. She is the only woman to perform the duties of Governor of Massachusetts, doing so from April 2001 to January 2003. At the time she became Governor, Swift was 36 years old, making her the youngest female Governor in U.S. history. Since leaving elected office she has worked in the private sector as a Chief Executive Officer, board member and consultant for education technology companies, as well as serving on corporate and non-profit boards, teaching and lecturing on topics pertaining to women and leadership, and supporting philanthropies that address issues of importance to women and girls. She was CEO of Middlebury Interactive Languages from 2011 to 2017.

An acting governor is a constitutional position created in some U.S. states when the governor dies in office or resigns. In some states, the governor may also be declared to be incapacitated and unable to function for various reasons including, illness and absence from the state for more than a specified period.

Paul Cellucci US politician

Argeo Paul Cellucci was an American politician and diplomat from Massachusetts. A Republican, he served in the House of Representatives and Senate of Massachusetts before being elected the state's lieutenant governor, a position he held from 1991 to 1997 under Governor Bill Weld.

Prominent GOP activists campaigned to persuade businessman Mitt Romney, who had previously run for the U.S. Senate from the state, to run for governor. [6] Romney was coming off a successful stint as head of the Salt Lake Organizing Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games of 2002 [2] and was also mentioned as a possible candidate for Governor of Utah. [4] Romney had previously indicated in fall 2001 that he would not challenge a sitting Republican in running for the Massachusetts governorship, and thus was in a delicate position. [2] [4] Massachusetts Republican State Committee chair Kerry Healey had flown to Utah to personally assess Romney's intentions. [4]

The Salt Lake Organizing Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games of 2002 (SLOC) was the organization responsible for the 2002 Winter Olympics and 2002 Winter Paralympics in Salt Lake City, USA. The SLOC secured their bid for the 2002 Olympic Games in 1995. After the SLOC was exposed to be in disarray in the ensuing years, Mitt Romney was hired in 1999 to turn around the failing organization. Under Romney's leadership, the SLOC ended up hosting a successful Olympic games with financial surpluses.

Kerry Healey American politician

Kerry Murphy Healey is the President of Babson College. She was the 70th Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts from 2003 to 2007 under Governor Mitt Romney. She served as a Special Advisor on the Romney for President Campaign.

On March 17, Romney flew to Massachusetts; a Boston Herald poll showed him defeating Swift by a 75 percent to 12 percent margin in a Republican primary. [4] [7] Two days later, Swift declared that she had decided not to seek her party's nomination, citing family reasons and also saying "I believe that this is in the best interest of our state, as it will allow the Republican Party's best chances of holding the governor's office in November." [7] Three hours later, Romney announced his candidacy. [2] Romney was subsequently unopposed in the Republican party primary. [8]

<i>Boston Herald</i> US newspaper

The Boston Herald is an American daily newspaper whose primary market is Boston, Massachusetts and its surrounding area. It was founded in 1846 and is one of the oldest daily newspapers in the United States. It has been awarded eight Pulitzer Prizes in its history, including four for editorial writing and three for photography before it was converted to tabloid format in 1981. The Herald was named one of the "10 Newspapers That 'Do It Right'" in 2012 by Editor & Publisher.

Candidates

Declared
  • Mitt Romney, businessman and 1994 Senate nominee
Declined

Polling

Poll sourceDates administeredMitt RomneyJane M. Swift
Boston Herald March 17, 200277%12%

Lieutenant governor

Candidates

Declared

James Rappaport is a real estate developer, entrepreneur, attorney, philanthropist, and Republican politician from Massachusetts.

Withdrew

Donna Fournier Cuomo is an American politician who represented the 14th Essex district in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1993–1999. She later served as the deputy director of the Department of Public Safety's programs division.

Patrick Guerriero American politician

Patrick Guerriero, a former Massachusetts state legislator, mayor and advocate for marriage equality, is a founding partner of Civitas Public Affairs Group, a Washington, D.C.-based government affairs firm. Working on the local, state and federal level for two decades, Guerriero has advised and counseled many of the nation's leading Democratic and Republican elected officials and political donors on a wide range of issues. Civitas Public Affairs Group, with offices in Washington, D.C. and Boston, provides bipartisan government relations, issue-based donor-giving strategies, and public-policy campaign management to individuals, non-profits and corporations.

Declined

Jim Rappaport, the Republican nominee for United States Senate in 1990 and a political adversary of Jane Swift, was the first Republican to declare his candidacy for lieutenant governor. [14]

In February, Swift named Patrick Guerriero, her deputy chief of staff, as her running mate after multiple others declined. [15] Guerriero was the nation's first openly gay candidate for lieutenant governor. [16]

After Romney entered the race he selected Kerry Healey, former Chairman of the Massachusetts Republican Party, to be his running mate. [17] Shortly after Romney's endorsement of Healey, Guerriero dropped out of the race and gave his support to Healey. [18] Rappaport remained in the race and lost to Healey in the Republican primary.

Results

Massachusetts Republican lieutenant gubernatorial primary, 2002
PartyCandidateVotes%
Republican Kerry Healey 159,66762.76
Republican Jim Rappaport 88,06134.62
Write-inAll others2410.09
Total votes247,969100

Democratic primary

Governor

Candidates

Declared
Withdrew

The leader in most of the polls conducted was O'Brien, who was a longtime insider with four generations of heritage in the Beacon Hill political establishment. [2] [4] However, she faced criticism for some of the losing investments she had made as state treasurer. [2]

Reich's candidacy attracted considerable media attention, especially due to the 1997 publication of his memoir of working for the Clinton administration, Locked in the Cabinet. Reich had received criticism for embellishing events with invented dialogue, and the book had so angered Bill Clinton that he endorsed Grossman instead. [2]

Of the Democrats running, only Tolman elected to accept Clean Elections funding. [2]

In the September 17, 2002, primary, O'Brien won with 33 percent of the vote; Reich came in second with 25 percent, followed by 24 percent for Birmingham and 18 percent for Tolman (Grossman had dropped out before then). [2]

Polling

Poll sourceDates administeredShannon O'BrienTom BirminghamRobert ReichWarren Tolman
Boston Globe/WBZ-TVSeptember 13, 200231%22%22%13%

Results

Democratic primary results by municipality Massachusetts Democratic gubernatorial primary results by municipality, 2002.svg
Democratic primary results by municipality
Massachusetts Democratic gubernatorial primary, 2002
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Shannon O'Brien 243,03932.52
Democratic Robert Reich 185,31524.80
Democratic Tom Birmingham 179,70324.05
Democratic Warren Tolman 132,15717.69
Democratic Steve Grossman 5,9760.80
Write-inAll others1,1130.15

Lieutenant Governor

Candidates

Declared
Eliminated at convention
Withdrew

Gabrieli was the running mate of Shannon O'Brien while Slattery and Pines were not affiliated with any candidate.

Results

Massachusetts Democratic gubernatorial primary, 2002
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Chris Gabrieli 306,04346.18
Democratic Lois Pines 205,20830.96
Democratic John P. Slattery 150,31322.68
Write-inAll others1,1850.18

Independents and third parties

  • Running mate: Rich Aucoin, mechanical designer and candidate for Waltham Council in 2001
  • Running mate: Joe Schebel, self-employed carpenter
  • Running mate: Tony Lorenzen, high school theology teacher

General election

Question of Romney's residency

Before the primaries concluded, Democratic officials claimed that Romney was ineligible to run for governor, citing residency issues. The Massachusetts Constitution requires that a gubernatorial candidate be an "inhabitant" for seven consecutive years prior to a run for office. [28] [29]

Romney had attended business and law school at Harvard and spent his entire business career in Massachusetts until being hired to organize the Salt Lake Olympics in 1999. In 1999, Romney had listed himself as a part-time Massachusetts resident, [30] Romney had claimed residency in Utah from 1999 to 2002, during his time as president of the Salt Lake Organizing Committee and received a $54,000 property tax break there. Romney now offered to pay back that exemption. [2] Romney said that he had planned to return to Massachusetts all along.

On June 8, 2002, the Massachusetts Democratic Party filed a complaint with the Massachusetts State Ballot Law Commission, [28] which tended to be lenient in its interpretations of the requirements for residency. [28] At the time the Commission was composed of three Republicans, one Democrat and one independent. On June 25, 2002, the Commission unanimously ruled that Romney was eligible to run for office, [31] saying that "[Romney] never severed his ties to Massachusetts [and] his testimony was credible in all respects." [4] The ruling was not challenged in court, [32] and Romney accused the Democrats of playing "ridiculous, dirty politics". [4]

Campaign

Romney ran as a political outsider [33] and as an agent of change, saying he would "clean up the mess on Beacon Hill." [4] He said he was "not a partisan Republican" but rather a "moderate" with "progressive" views [34] Romney declared support for faith-based initiatives [2] and campaigned as a pro-choice candidate who would protect a woman's right to an abortion. He rejected the endorsement of Massachusetts Citizens for Life, a pro-life organization. [35]

O'Brien claimed Romney was "trying to mask a very conservative set of belief systems". While saying she would not criticize his membership in the LDS Church, she attacked his substantial donations to Brigham Young University, objecting to their bar on expressions of homosexuality. [2] O'Brien came out in support of same-sex marriage. [2]

Supporters of Romney hailed his business record, especially his success with the 2002 Olympics, as that of one who would be able to bring a new era of efficiency into Massachusetts politics. [8] His campaign was the first to use microtargeting techniques, in which small groups of voters were reached with narrowly tailored messaging. [36]

He proposed to reorganize the state government [37] and stressed his ability to obtain federal funds for the state. [38] [39] Romney said he would cut $1 billion out of the $23 billion state budget by eliminating the usual suspects of waste, fraud, and mismanagement while still reducing taxes over a phased period. [4] He also said he was generally against tax increases and describe O'Brien as a 'tax-and-spend liberal,' but refused to rule out the possibility of a tax increase. [2] he did attempt to paint O'Brien as a 'tax-and-spend liberal'. [4]

O'Brien focused her attacks by portraying Romney as being out of place in Massachusetts. [2] Romney had stumbled earlier in the year by not knowing that "MCAS" stood for the Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System of school exams. [2] To soften Romney's image, a series of "work days" had been staged over the summer, in which he performed blue-collar jobs such as herding cows and baling hay, unloading a fishing boat, and hauling garbage. [2] [40] [37] [41] Television ads highlighting the effort, as well as one portraying his family in gushing terms and showing him shirtless, [40] received a poor public response. [37] [41] O'Brien responded, "Massachusetts doesn't need a governor who thinks getting in touch with working people is a costume party." [4]

By mid-October, Romney trailed O'Brien in most polls. [37] [41] He responded with negative ads that accused O'Brien of mismanaging pension funds. Specifically, one ad featured a basset hound sleeping as men removed bags of money from the Massachusetts treasury. Another associated her husband Emmet Hayes, a former lobbyist, with the Enron scandal. [4] [41]

O'Brien's campaign was hobbled by the short amount of time between the primary and the general election and by her having exhausted most of her funds by spending $4.5 million to win the nomination. [2] [4] Romney, able to focus on the general election in the absence of any primary contest, contributed over $6 million to his own campaign during the election, a state record at the time. [2] [42] He raised nearly $10 million for his campaign overall. [43]

Debates

In the debates, O'Brien attacked Romney repeatedly. He referred to her style as "unbecoming", which engendered criticism that he was insensitive to women. [2]

After being excluded from the first debate, Stein and Independent candidate Barbara Johnson sued the media organizers of the debate. [44] Middlesex Superior Court Judge Linda Giles ruled against Stein and Johnson, stating that the state's campaign finance laws do not apply to the press organizing political debates and that the invitations to Shannon O'Brien and Mitt Romney did not constitute a campaign contribution. [45]

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s) administeredShannon O'Brien (D)Mitt Romney (R)Other
Boston Herald February 27, 200232%38%–
Boston Herald September 20, 200245%42%–
Institute of Politics/NECN October 2–3, 200240%40%–
RKM Research and Communications October 4, 200243%42%–
Institute of Politics/NECN October 24–27, 200241%39%11%
Boston Herald October 29, 200244%38%–
Boston Globe/WBZ November 1, 200241%40%–



Results

Results by city and town Massachusetts Gubernatorial Election Results by municipality, 2002.png
Results by city and town

Romney and Healey were elected Governor and Lieutenant Governor with 50 percent of the vote over O'Brien and Gabrieli, who received 45 percent. [46] Ten years later, Romney and Stein would run against each other in the 2012 U.S. presidential election, with both losing to incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama.

Romney performed strongly with Republicans and won many independents in the belt between Route 128 and I-495. He almost ran even with O'Brien in smaller working-class cities, and holding down Democratic margins in large urban areas. [2] [4] This was the fourth consecutive win for Republicans in the state gubernatorial contest. [8]

Massachusetts gubernatorial election, 2002
PartyCandidateVotes%±
Republican Mitt Romney (Kerry Healey)1,091,98849.77– 1.04
Democratic Shannon O'Brien (Chris Gabrieli)985,98144.94– 2.44
Green-Rainbow Jill Stein (Tony Lorenzen)76,5303.49+ 3.49
Libertarian Carla Howell (Rich Aucoin)23,0441.05– 0.64
Independent Barbara C. Johnson (Joe Schebel)15,3350.70+ 0.70
Write-inAll others1,3010.06-.05
Total votes2,194,179100+ 4.04
Blank6,122
Turnout 2,220,301
Majority106,0074.83%
Republican hold Swing + 1.40

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "Massachusetts gubernatorial election, 2002".
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Barone, Michael; Cohen, Richard E. (2004). The Almanac of American Politics 2004 (paperback). Washington: National Journal Group. pp. 772–773. ISBN   0-89234-106-8.
  3. ↑ Associated Press. "Massachusetts's first female governor takes office, under heavy statewide scrutiny" Archived 2008-02-20 at the Wayback Machine .The Daily Texan, April 11, 2001. Retrieved October 29, 2006.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Mooney, Brian (June 29, 2007). "The Making of Mitt Romney: Part 6: Taking office, remaining an outsider". The Boston Globe .
  5. ↑ Frank, Mitch."Jane Swift Takes One For the Team:The Massachusetts GOP took a risk by choosing Mitt Romney over the more progressive Swift. Will their decision come back to haunt them?" Archived 2003-04-06 at the Wayback Machine .Time Magazine, March 21, 2002. Retrieved October 29, 2006.
  6. ↑ Berwick Jr., Bob and Roch, Lisa Riley. "Boston GOP beseeching Mitt: But hero of S.L. Games is coy about his future" Archived 2008-12-23 at the Wayback Machine . Deseret News , February 22, 2002. Retrieved November 1, 2006.
  7. 1 2 "Swift exits, Romney joins Mass. governor's race" Archived 2007-08-13 at the Wayback Machine ., CNN, March 19, 2002. Retrieved October 30, 2006.
  8. 1 2 3 "Vote 2002: Massachusetts Governor's Race" PBS Online News Hour (No Date). Retrieved November 1, 2006.
  9. ↑ Frank Phillips; Stephanie Ebbert (April 3, 2002). "GOP'S No. 2 Race Takes a Twist". Boston Globe.
  10. ↑ Fenn, Jennifer (April 4, 2002). "Some in GOP miffed at Mitt". The Sun.
  11. 1 2 Silberman, Ellen J. (September 21, 2001). "ProQuest Archiver: Titles". Boston Herald. Retrieved May 28, 2017.
  12. ↑ Guarino, David R. (November 24, 2001). "Credit cut; Registry KOs popular charge card service". Boston Herald.
  13. ↑ Holmes, Rick (January 9, 2002). "Turnpike hearings deserve open road". Boston Herald. Retrieved 18 March 2011.
  14. ↑ Battenfeld, Joe (September 7, 2001). "Rappaport could torpedo Swift bid to control GOP". Boston Herald. Retrieved 18 March 2011.
  15. ↑ Anderson, Lisa (February 12, 2002). "Massachusetts savors prospect of hot primary". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 18 March 2011.
  16. ↑ Wu, Janet (January 2002). "Swift Names Guerriero As Running Mate". WCVB Boston. Archived from the original on 2012-03-20.
  17. ↑ "Romney taps Healey as his running mate". Worcester Telegram & Gazette. April 4, 2002.
  18. ↑ Tutalo, Frank (April 4, 2002). "Healey's candidacy, Guerriero's withdrawal, shake up Lt. Governor's race". Harvard Hillside.
  19. ↑ Keane, Jr., Thomas M. (June 7, 2002). "Convention system misses on all fronts". Boston Herald.
  20. ↑ Johnson, Glen (May 15, 2001). "Prospective Candidates Walk a Fine Line on Moakley Seat". Boston Globe. Retrieved 4 October 2011.
  21. ↑ "The 9th: Are we there yet?". Boston Herald. July 7, 2001. Retrieved 18 March 2011.
  22. 1 2 "Former Presidents Entering Fray". WCVB-TV Boston. Hearst Television, Inc. Archived from the original on 26 December 2002. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
  23. ↑ "Bilingual ed produces stark divide". Worcester Telegram & Gazette. October 6, 2002.
  24. ↑ "Gubernatorial Candidates Square Off In Debate". WCVB-TV Boston. Hearst Television, Inc. Retrieved 6 April 2012.[ permanent dead link ]
  25. ↑ Williams, Eric (October 31, 2002). "Political spoiler?". Cape Cod Times.
  26. ↑ McConville, Christine (October 13, 2002). "Green Party Line Colors Governor's Race Debate". Boston Globe.
  27. ↑ Gitell, Seth (October 10, 2002). "Jill Stein won the debate". Boston Phoenix. Archived from the original on 28 February 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
  28. 1 2 3 Butterfield, Fox (June 8, 2002). "Republican's Candidacy Is Challenged By Democrats". The New York Times .
  29. ↑ Massachusetts Ballot Law Commission Decision (June 25, 2002) via Scribd (another copy is available from the CNN content delivery network).
  30. ↑ Mcelhenny, John (Associated Press)"Romney defends right to run for governor" Portsmouth Herald, Tuesday, June 18, 2002. Retrieved July 12, 2012.
  31. ↑ Osnos, Evan (June 25, 2002). "Mass. board confirms GOP gubernatorial candidate's residency". Chicago Tribune .
  32. ↑ Belluck, Pam. "Massachusetts Ballot Panel Allows Race By Republican" The New York Times (Page A-17), June 26, 2002.
  33. ↑ Barone and Cohen, The Almanac of American Politics 2004, p. 772.
  34. ↑ Killough, Ashley (December 13, 2011). "Democrats rail against Romney over decade-old comments". CNN. See "Romney in 2002: I'm 'Moderate,' 'Progressive,' and 'Not a Partisan Republican' [VIDEO]" for video.
  35. ↑ Kessler, Glenn (January 20, 2012), "Fact checking the CNN debate in Charleston", The Washington Post , retrieved 2012-01-23
  36. ↑ Cillizza, Chris (July 5, 2007). "Romney's Data Cruncher". The Washington Post .
  37. 1 2 3 4 Bayles, Fred (October 16, 2002). "Romney may be losing his touch in Mass". USA Today.
  38. ↑ Karl, Jonathan (March 2, 2012). "In '02 Romney touted D.C. connections, federal funds". ABC News.
  39. ↑ Isikoff, Michael (February 18, 2012). "Salt Lake City Olympics Earmarks a Double-Edged Sword for Romney". NBC News. Archived from the original on June 3, 2012.
  40. 1 2 Klein, Rick (September 26, 2002). "New Ads, 'Work Days' Show Down-to-Earth Candidate". The Boston Globe. Also available as "Mitt takes his shirt off as campaign heats up", Deseret News, September 27, 2002.
  41. 1 2 3 4 Miga, Andrew (April 5, 2012). "Don't expect a warm and fuzzy Romney this fall". The Post and Courier . Associated Press.
  42. ↑ "Gabrieli surpasses spending record" Brian C. Mooney Boston Globe; August 22, 2006. Retrieved November 20, 2006.
  43. ↑ Bunker, Ted (November 11, 2002). "Donor cash still floods campaigns". Boston Herald .
  44. ↑ "Candidates Sue Media Consortium Over Debate Exclusion". WCVB-TV Boston. Hearst Stations Inc. Archived from the original on 1 July 2007. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
  45. ↑ Marantz, Steve (October 2, 2002). "Judge keeps third party candidates on sideline". Boston Herald. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
  46. ↑ "2002 Election Results, Governor" 'CNN.com. Retrieved November 1, 2006.
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