Metro Clark, also known as Metro Angeles or Metro Clark Angeles,[1] is an Metropolitan Area in Pampanga, in Central Luzon, Philippines. It is primarily composed of three cities and further supported by 9 municipalities. Its urban core consists of the cities Angeles, San Fernando and Mabalacat.[2][3][4] It is a major urban area of the Philippines[1] and is considered the industrial and residential center of Central Luzon.[3]
Anchored on the Clark International Airport and the Clark Special Economic Zone, the area's economy is based on transportation, logistics, education, commerce, banking, manufacturing and healthcare. It is also a major population center, housing 38% of people living in Pampanga, and 8% of all people living in Central Luzon. It is touted to be the second major metropolitan area in Luzon, serving as a "countermagnet" to Metro Manila and Greater Manila Area, and also as a means to decongest the national capital region, metropolitan area and urbanization region.[5][6][7][8][9]
Etymology
Metro Clark is named after the Clark Air Base, a military airbase that has been converted into a freeport zone and a commercial airport serving North and Central Luzon.
In the past, several names have been used to label the urban area of Pampanga centered on its capital San Fernando and adjacent towns to the airbase, namely, Angeles and Mabalacat. These include Metro Angeles,[1] San Fernando-Angeles metropolitan area,[2] Metro Pampanga,[10] Pampanga Triangle,[11] and the Pampanga Golden Triangle. [12]
In 2017, in its most recent national development plan, the National Economic Development Authority identified Metro Clark as one of the regional centers in the country.[13]
Definition
The urban core of Metro Clark is composed of the cities of Angeles, San Fernando and Mabalacat.[2][14]
The Metro Clark Advisory Board created in 1993 lists Angeles, Mabalacat, Porac, Capas and Bamban as members. All of these four local government units directly border the Clark Freeport Zone.[15]
The urban core of the metropolitan area sits in northern Pampanga in Central Luzon. It is in the eastern foot of Mt. Pinatubo, an active volcano that last erupted in 1991.[16] It is roughly 98 meters above sea level and is around 82 kilometers north of Metro Manila.[17]
The area forms an elongated area roughly starting from San Fernando, the capital city of Pampanga and runs in a northwesterly direction following the Jose Abad Santos Avenue and the expressway (North Luzon Expressway). It ends in the cities of Angeles and Mabalacat, which have formed a single contiguous urban area.[4]
Economy
As the economic center of Central Luzon, Metro Clark supports a diverse and robust economy anchored on transportation and storage, offshoring, and manufacturing.[18][19]
The biggest freeport zone in Central Luzon, the Clark Freeport Zone (CFZ), was established in 1993. As of the end of August 2023, there are 1,113 business locators here that employ 136,836 regular workers.[20] There are around 60 business process outsourcing company locators in CFZ.[21] In 2019, the freeport was also identified as the top manufacturer of electronics exports of Central Luzon.[22] Other locators include electric vehicle,[23] food and furniture manufacturers.
Metro Clark is also a real estate hotspot, just behind Manila and Cebu, as it holds of 17% newly-leased space nationwide in 2023.[24] According to real estate search website Lamudi, Clark is a strong regional market, with an 800% increase in leads online between 2018 and 2019.[25] Several major real estate companies have launched township projects in the area.[26] It is considered ripe for luxury projects targeting affluent markets in Angeles and San Fernando; as well as industrial developments.[27] From 2022 to 2026, professional services firm Colliers also projects the delivery of 150 condominium units annually, with San Fernando covering about 62% of the new supply during that period.[28]
The urban area also has a burgeoning hotel and leisure sector. As of June 2019, there are about 31 deluxe and traditional hotels within the trade area with a total supply of 5,020 rooms, dominated by deluxe hotels based on the number of keys.[29]
According to the PDIC, in 2021, there are 221 banking offices in the urban area, which is 65% of all banking offices in the province of Pampanga. The urban area also held 260 billion pesos in banking deposits, representing 84% of the total banking deposits in the province.[30]
Politics
The urban area is represented in the lower house of the Philippines as part of Pampanga province: San Fernando is part of the 3rd District of Pampanga; while Angeles and Mabalacat are parts of the 1st District.
San Fernando and Mabalacat are both component cities which means they are still able to vote for provincial officials. Angeles is a highly-urbanized city, which means it is administratively independent of Pampanga, but is grouped with the province for representational purposes.
Arts & Culture
San Fernando is considered the heart of Kapampangan culture. Pampanga itself is widely considered to be the culinary capital of the Philippines.[31]Sisig was created in Angeles.
At the moment, the area is served by five museums.[32] The Museum of Philippine Arts and Culture in Angeles is the most recent addition. Some other notable ones include Museo ning Angeles, which was established in 1999 showcasing history of Angeles City; the Museum of Philippine Social History in San Fernando, which is housed in the historic Pamintuan Mansion; and Clark 4D Museum hosting interactive displays on the history of Clark.[33]
Metro Clark is served by a major airport, an upcoming railway line and several major roads.
Clark International Airport is branded as the gateway to North and Central Luzon.[34] It is the country’s 17th busiest airport in 2022. It opened for commercial flights in 1996, and underwent several expansions in the 2010s.[35] In 2022, its new passenger terminal building opened.[36] In May 2023, the airport serviced 73,226 domestic passengers and 115,847 international passengers, which were 617% and 134% higher, respectively, than in May 2022.[37]
The under-construction railway line, North-South Commuter Railway (NSCR) will serve communities in Metro Clark when it is completed in 2029. Stations will be built in San Fernando, Angeles, and Clark International Airport. Once operational, the NSCR is expected to service as many as 800,000 passengers daily and cut travel time from Clark International Airport in Pampanga to Calamba, Laguna to less than two hours. [38]
Buses are also a popular form of transport. Dau Bus Terminal in Mabalacat, Pampanga is a major interchange from buses from Metro Manila. It serves routes going to Bataan, Tarlac, Zambales, and most destinations to the north, such as Baguio, Pangasinan and Nueva Ecija.[39]
Transportation in the Philippines covers the transportation methods within this archipelagic nation of over 7,500 islands. From a previously underdeveloped state of transportation, the government of the Philippines has been improving transportation through various direct infrastructure projects, and these include an increase in air, sea, road, and rail transportation and transport hubs.
Pampanga, officially the Province of Pampanga, is a province in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. Lying on the northern shore of Manila Bay, Pampanga is bordered by Tarlac to the north, Nueva Ecija to the northeast, Bulacan to the east, Manila Bay to the central-south, Bataan to the southwest and Zambales to the west. Its capital is the City of San Fernando. Angeles City is the largest LGU, but while geographically within Pampanga, it is classified as a first-class, highly urbanized city and has been governed independently of the province since it received its charter in 1964.
Angeles, officially the City of Angeles, is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 462,928 people.
Mabalacat, officially Mabalacat City, is a 3rd class component city in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 293,244 people.
Clark International Airport, known as Diosdado Macapagal International Airport from 2003 to 2014, is an international airport covering portions of the cities of Angeles and Mabalacat within the Clark Freeport and Special Economic Zone in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. It is located 80 kilometers (50 mi) northwest of Manila. It is accessible by way of the Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway (SCTEX).
San Fernando, officially the City of San Fernando, is a 1st class component city and capital of the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 354,666 people.
The North Luzon Expressway (NLEX), signed as E1 of the Philippine expressway network, partially as N160 of the Philippine highway network, and partially as R-8 of the Metro Manila arterial road network, is a controlled-access highway that connects Metro Manila to the provinces of the Central Luzon region in the Philippines. The expressway, which includes the main segment and its various spurs, has a total length of 101.8 kilometers (63.3 mi) and travels from its northern terminus at Santa Ines Interchange to its southern terminus in Balintawak Interchange, which is adjacent to its connection to Skyway, an elevated toll road that connects the NLEX to its counterpart in the south, the South Luzon Expressway. The segment of the expressway between Santa Rita Exit in Guiguinto and the Balintawak Interchange in Quezon City is part of Asian Highway 26 of the Asian highway network. Despite that the name stating the word "North Luzon", the expressway only ends at Santa Ines Exit at Mabalacat, Pampanga which is located in Central Luzon.
The Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway (SCTEX), signed as E1 and E4 of the Philippine expressway network, is a controlled-access toll expressway in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. From its northern terminus in Tarlac City to its southern terminus at Tipo in Hermosa, Bataan, the SCTEX serves as one of the main expressways in Luzon. The expressway is also connected to the Central Luzon Link Expressway, North Luzon Expressway, Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway, and the Subic Freeport Expressway. The SCTEX is the country's longest expressway at 93.77 kilometers (58.27 mi) until the completion of Toll Road 4 of South Luzon Expressway (SLEX). The Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway was constructed to provide a more efficient transport corridor between Subic Bay Freeport, Clark, and the Central Techno Park in Tarlac, foster development on the municipalities served, and connect major infrastructures such as the Subic Seaport and Clark International Airport.
Victory Liner, Inc. (VLI) is a bus company in the Philippines that was established in 1945 by José Hernandez, is recognized as one of the primary providers of bus transportation in the Philippines, servicing key locations across Luzon. Initially using a fleet of repurposed military vehicles, the company was instrumental in meeting the post-WWII demand for public transport.
Clark, officially known as the Clark Freeport and Special Economic Zone (CFEZ), refers to an area in Central Luzon, Philippines.
The MacArthur Highway, officially the Manila North Road, is a 684.855-kilometer (425.549 mi), two-to-six lane, national primary highway and tertiary highway in Luzon, Philippines, connecting Caloocan in Metro Manila to Aparri in Cagayan at the north. It is the second longest road in the Philippines, after Pan-Philippine Highway. It is primarily known as MacArthur Highway in segments from Caloocan to Urdaneta, Pangasinan, although it is also applied up to Ilocos Sur, and likewise called as Manila North Road for the entire length.
Radial Road 8, more commonly referred to as R-8, is a network of roads and bridges that altogether form the eighth radial road of Manila in the Philippines. It runs north-south through northern Metro Manila linking the City of Manila with Quezon City, Caloocan, and Valenzuela into the northern provinces of Bulacan, Pampanga, Tarlac, Pangasinan, and La Union. The portion of R-8 between Guiguinto and Balintawak is also designated a component of the Pan-Philippine Highway network (AH26). It also has a spur segment in Quirino Highway from NLEX to its junction with R-7 at Commonwealth Avenue, both in Quezon City.
Genesis Transport Service, Inc., is a provincial bus company in the Philippines, operating routes connecting Metro Manila to Central Luzon and Northern Luzon.
Expressway 1 (E1) forms part of the Philippine expressway network. It runs through western Luzon from Quezon City in the south to Rosario in the north.
Clark may refer to the following areas in the Philippines:
Clark Global City is a planned mixed-use central business district development at the Clark Freeport Zone in Mabalacat and Angeles City, Philippines.
The Clark Sanitary Landfill is a landfill at the Clark Special Economic Zone in Capas, Tarlac managed and operated by the Metro Clark Waste Management Corp.. It stores and process waste from the Clark area as well as other areas in Central and Northern Luzon.
The PNR North Main Line is one of the two trunk lines of the Philippine National Railways in the island of Luzon, the other being the PNR South Main Line. The line during its maximum extent led to various cities and municipalities in Central Luzon and the Ilocos Region.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
