Metropolitan area

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"Metro area" redirects here. For the dance music duo, see Metro Area.For similar concepts, see Metropolis and Conurbation.

A metropolitan area or metro is a region consisting of a densely populated urban agglomeration and its surrounding territories which share industries, commercial areas, transport network, infrastructures and housing. [1] [2] A metropolitan area usually comprises multiple principal cities, jurisdictions and municipalities: neighborhoods, townships, boroughs, cities, towns, exurbs, suburbs, counties, districts and even states and nations in areas like the eurodistricts. As social, economic and political institutions have changed, metropolitan areas have become key economic and political regions. [3]

Contents

Satellite image of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the United States and one of the largest in the world, with Long Island in the east and Manhattan at the center of the densest part of the image New York City, Southern RI and CT, illuminated at night.jpg
Satellite image of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the United States and one of the largest in the world, with Long Island in the east and Manhattan at the center of the densest part of the image

In the United States, metropolitan areas are delineated around the core of a core based statistical area, which is defined as an urban area and includes central and outlying counties. [4] [5] [6] In other countries metropolitan areas are sometimes anchored by one central city such as the Paris metropolitan area (Paris). In other cases, metropolitan areas contain multiple centers of equal or close to equal importance, especially in the United States; for example, the Dallas–Fort Worth metropolitan area has eight principal cities. The Islamabad–Rawalpindi metropolitan area in Pakistan, the Rhine-Ruhr in Germany, and the Randstad in The Netherlands are other examples. [7]

In the United States, the concept of metropolitan statistical areas has gained prominence. The area of the Greater Washington metropolitan area is an example of statistically grouping independent cities and county areas from various states to form a larger city because of proximity, history, and recent urban convergence. Metropolitan areas may themselves be part of a greater megalopolis. For urban centres located outside metropolitan areas that generate a similar attraction at a smaller scale for a region, the concept of a regiopolis and a respective regiopolitan area, or regio, was introduced by German professors in 2006. [8] In the United States, the term micropolitan statistical area is used.

Definition

A metropolitan area usually includes a main city and a series of smaller satellite cities as can be seen in this map of Madrid's metropolitan area (click on the map to enlarge it). Hoja-especial-50-Madrid y su entorno-2012.jpg
A metropolitan area usually includes a main city and a series of smaller satellite cities as can be seen in this map of Madrid's metropolitan area (click on the map to enlarge it).

A metropolitan area combines an urban agglomeration with the contiguous built-up areas, which are not necessarily urban in character but are closely bound to the center by employment or other commerce. These outlying zones are sometimes known as a commuter belt and may extend well beyond the urban zone to other political entities. For example, East Hampton, New York, on Long Island is considered part of the New York metropolitan area.

In 2020, the European Commission, the Food and Agriculture Organization, the United Nations Human Settlements Programme, the International Labour Organization, the OECD, and the World Bank have agreed on a common methodological framework for delimitation of urban and rural areas, which contains a definition of metropolitan areas called the Functional urban area. [9] It is defined as a city and its commuting zone, which is a contiguous area of spatial units that have at least 15% of their employed residents working in the city. [10]

In practice, the parameters of metropolitan areas, in both official and unofficial usage, are not consistent. Sometimes they are little different from an urban area, and in other cases, they cover broad regions that have little relation to a single urban settlement; comparative statistics for metropolitan areas should take this into account. The term metropolitan can also refer to a county-level municipal government structure, with some shared services between a central city and its suburbs, which may or may not include the entirety of a metropolitan area. Population figures given for one metro area can vary by millions.

There has been no significant change in the basic concept of metropolitan areas since its adoption in 1950, [11] although significant changes in geographic distributions have occurred since then, and more are expected. [12] Because of the fluidity of the term "metropolitan statistical area", the term used colloquially is more often "metro service area", "metro area", or "MSA", taken to include not only a city but also the surrounding suburban, exurban and sometimes rural areas, all of which the city is presumed to influence. A polycentric metropolitan area contains multiple urban agglomerations not connected by continuous development. In defining a metropolitan area, it is sufficient that a city or cities form a nucleus with which other areas have a high degree of integration.

A metropolitan area is commonly known and characterized by a high concentration in service sector labor and enterprises. [13] [14] Macroeconomics views metropolitan areas as trade regions of economic significance. [15]

Since, presently, urban data are based on arbitrary definitions that vary from country to country and from year or census to the next, making them difficult to compare, an Urban Metric System (UMS) has been conceived that could correct the problem, [16] since it allows computing the urban area limits and central points, and it can be applied in the same way to all past, present and future population and job distributions. It is based on vector field calculations obtained by assuming that, in a given space, all inhabitants and jobs exert the same attractive force A and repulsive force R. The net force (A - R) exerted by each inhabitant or job is given by [1/(1 + d)] - [1/( β + d/2)], where d = distance and β is the only parameter. UMS distinguishes the following types of urban areas, each type corresponding to a given value of β:

Urban areaDistance at which the attractive force = the repulsive forceValue of β
1Central city10 km6
2Agglomeration20 km11
3Metropolis40 km21
4Patropolis80 km41
5Megalopolis160 km81
6Urban system320 km161
7Urban macrosystem640 km321
8Continental system1,280 km641
9Intercontinental system2,560 km1,281
10World system5,120 km2,561

UMS has been applied to some Canadian cases since 2018, but the data presented in this article are still based on the various existing national definitions, which are disparate.

List of metropolitan areas

Africa

Algeria

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Algiers Metropolitan Area

The Algiers Metropolitan Area consists of four provinces: Tipaza, Blida, Algiers, and Boumerdès. It spans approximately 5,726 km² and had a population of 5,384,175 as of the 2008 census. [19] Projections estimate that the population may exceed 9 million.

The area is served by a modern railway system, the Algiers Tramway, [20] and the Algiers Metro. [21] There are plans to expand public transport to the surrounding provinces of Tipaza and Boumerdès.

Notable urban and suburban areas include Sidi Abdellah and Hydra. Major commercial and industrial zones are located in Reghaïa and Ouled Hedadj. The metropolitan area is also home to key maritime trade infrastructure, including the Port of Algiers and the planned Port of El Hamdania.

  • Sétif–Constantine Metropolitan Area

The Sétif–Constantine Metropolitan Area includes seven provinces: Sétif, Béjaïa, Bordj Bou Arréridj, Mila, Constantine, Skikda, and Annaba. It covers an area of approximately 24,946 km² and had a population of 6,238,698. Current estimates suggest the population may be closer to 8 million.

The region is connected by a national rail system, and major cities such as Constantine and Sétif have operational tramway networks. [22] Tramway projects are also planned for Béjaïa and Annaba.

This metropolitan area hosts several of the largest commercial and industrial zones in North Africa, including El Eulma, Chelghoum Laïd, El Hadjar, and Akbou. Major urban centers include Sétif city, Constantine city, El Khroub, Béjaïa, and Annaba. The area also encompasses important agricultural zones, particularly in Béjaïa and Bordj Bou Arréridj.

Key maritime ports serving the region include the Port of Béjaïa, Port of Annaba, and Port of Skikda.

  • Oran Metropolitan Area

The Oran Metropolitan Area comprises seven provinces: Oran, Aïn Témouchent, Mostaganem, Tlemcen, Sidi Bel Abbès, Mascara, and Relizane. It covers a total area of 35,643 km² and had a population of approximately 5,757,096, with estimates indicating a population nearing 7 million.

The region is served by a high-speed rail line linking Oran, Sidi Bel Abbès, and Tlemcen, [23] as well as modern rail connections between other provinces. Tramway systems are currently operational in Oran, [24] Sidi Bel Abbès, [25] and Mostaganem. [26] Expansion projects are planned for Mascara, Relizane, and Tlemcen. [27]

Notable urban and suburban centers include Oran city, Sidi Bel Abbès, Tlemcen, and Mostaganem. The area includes major industrial zones such as Es Sénia, Tafraoui, Hassi Mamèche, and Sig.

The region is also home to several key maritime ports, including the Port of Oran, Port of Mostaganem, Port of Ghazaouet, and Port of Béni Saf. Significant agricultural activity takes place in Mascara, Relizane, and the eastern parts of Mostaganem.

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Algiers Metropolitan Area: 3,316,232
  • Oran Metropolitan Area: 1,261,238

Angola

Urban population rate: 67% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Luanda Metropolitan Area: 11,672,134
  • Lubango Metropolitan Area: 1,331,213
  • Cabinda Metropolitan Area: 1,220,204
  • Malanje Metropolitan Area: 1,052,124

Benin

Urban population rate: 50%(2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Cotonou Metropolitan Area: 2,647,117

Botswana

Urban population rate: 68% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Burkina Faso

Urban population rate: 35% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Burundi

Urban population rate: 16% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Cabo Verde

Urban population rate: 69% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Cameroon

Urban population rate: 67% ((2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Yaounde Metropolitan Area: 5,479,204
  • Douala Metropolitan Area: 4,457,862

Central Africa

Urban population rate: 47% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Bangui Metropolitan Area: 1,270,414

Chad

Urban population rate: 36% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Comoros

Urban population rate: 33% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Fomboni Metropolitan Area: 236,188
  • Moroni Metropolitan Area: 175,832

Congo (Democratic Republic)

Urban population rate: 43% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Kinshasa Metropolitan Area: 12,945,683
  • Kasai Metropolitan Area: 3,596,107
  • Lubumbashi Metropolitan Area: 2,907,724
  • Beni Metropolitan Area: 1,872,705
  • Kanaga Metropolitan Area: 1,538,649
  • Tshikapa Metropolitan Area: 1,074,735

Congo (Republic)

Urban population rate: 69% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Djibouti

Urban population rate: 83% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Egypt

Urban population rate: 51% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Cairo Metropolitan Area20,035,086
Alexandria Metropolitan Area5,532,976
Al Fayyum Metropolitan Area1,369,514
Luxor Metropolitan Area1,263,645
Al Mansurah Metropolitan Area1,073,697
Asyut Metropolitan Area983,785
Sawhaj Metropolitan Area978,161
Az Zaqazig Metropolitan Area924,760
Jirja Metropolitan Area873,425
Dumyat Metropolitan Area847,229
Al Mahallah Metropolitan Area835,072
Tanta Metropolitan Area779,681
Bur Said Metropolitan Area646,209
Al Qurayn Metropolitan Area633,194
Al Ismailiyah Metropolitan Area599,110
Banha Metropolitan Area594,814
Al Minya Metropolitan Area572,386
As Suways Metropolitan Area499,891
Bani Suwayf Metropolitan Area479,649
Al Qusiyah Metropolitan Area474,894
Qus Metropolitan Area470,911
Damanhur Metropolitan Area444,065
Al Balyana Metropolitan Area442,816
Mit Ghamr Metropolitan Area441,800
Tuh Metropolitan Area425,706
Shebin el Kom Metropolitan Area419,348
Mallawi Metropolitan Area411,534
Manfalut Metropolitan Area388,756
Tima Metropolitan Area357,977
Aswan Metropolitan Area329,229
Farshut Metropolitan Area327,342
Abu Al Juhur Metropolitan Area312,990
Faqus Metropolitan Area305,082
Al Matariyah Metropolitan Area293,641
Kafr Ashshaykh Metropolitan Area286,873
Tuwah Bani Ibrahim Metropolitan Area282,110
Al Maraghah Metropolitan Area276,323
Disuq Metropolitan Area263,931
Al Ismailiyah Metropolitan Area261,107
Kafr Az Zayyat Metropolitan Area249,716
Ashmun Metropolitan Area240,116
Minuf Metropolitan Area230,547
Quwaysina Metropolitan Area227,213
Tahta Metropolitan Area224,338
Tala Metropolitan Area215,128
Qina Metropolitan Area208,319
Armant Metropolitan Area206,411
Fuwah Metropolitan Area203,506
Rasid Metropolitan Area199,755
Minyat Al Qamb Metropolitan Area193,935
Akhmim Metropolitan Area191,684
Zawiyat Barmasha Metropolitan Area191,065
Samalut Metropolitan Area176,978
Jirzah Metropolitan Area175,687
Marsha Matruh Metropolitan Area170,798
As Sinbillawayn Metropolitan Area170,695
Al Wasitah Metropolitan Area170,140
Sirsal Layyanah Metropolitan Area165,983
7th October City Metropolitan Area163,097
Juhanyah Metropolitan Area160,046
Bani Mazar Metropolitan Area148,488
Maghaghah Metropolitan Area148,200
Shirbin Metropolitan Area145,612
Abu Kabir Metropolitan Area141,947
As Saff Metropolitan Area134,766
Kafr Al Haddadin Metropolitan Area131,937
Al Badari Metropolitan Area130,359
Abu Qurqas Metropolitan Area127,764
Al Ayat Metropolitan Area126,244
Mit as Siraj Metropolitan Area124,611
Isna Metropolitan Area124,582
Abu Tij Metropolitan Area122,602
Idku Metropolitan Area114,896
Kafr Al Wasushah Metropolitan Area113,797
Qusayr Bakhanis Metropolitan Area112,927
Ityayal Barud Metropolitan Area111,355
Abnub Metropolitan Area110,639
Nawaj Metropolitan Area109,113
Al Anayim Metropolitan Area108,623
Al Ghanayim Metropolitan Area107,890
Diyarb Najm Metropolitan Area105,659
Salwa Qibli Metropolitan Area101,726

Equatorial Guinea

Urban population rate: 45% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Bata Metropolitan Area: 789,800

Eritrea

Urban population rate: 28% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Asmara Metropolitan Area: 251,980

Eswatini

Urban population rate: 28% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Manzini Metropolitan Area: 103,406

Ethiopia

Urban population rate: 22% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Gabon

Urban population rate: 89% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Gambia

Urban population rate: 42%(2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Ghana

Urban population rate: 59% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Accra Metropolitan Area: 5,890,466
  • Kumasi Metropolitan Area: 4,923,115
  • Takoradi Metropolitan Area: 1,255,809

Guinea

Urban population rate: 43% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Coyah Metropolitan Area: 2,991,111

Guinea Bissau

Urban population rate: 38% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Bissau Metropolitan Area: 674,444

Ivory Coast

Urban population rate: 59% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Kenya

Urban population rate: 29% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Nairobi Metropolitan Area: 6,646,257
  • Mombasa Metropolitan Area: 1,617,739

Lesotho

Urban population rate: 36% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Maseru Metropolitan Area: 296,516

Liberia

Urban population rate: 56% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Libya

Urban population rate: 83% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Tripoli Metropolitan Area: 1,248,354

Madagascar

Urban population rate: 38% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Malawi

Urban population rate: 25% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Mali

Urban population rate: 45% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Bamako Metropolitan Area: 3,960,563

Mauritania

Urban population rate: 49% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Mauritius

Urban population rate: 50% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Morocco

Urban population rate: 66% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Casablanca Metropolitan Area: 4,577,677
  • Rabat Metropolitan Area: 2,094,221
  • Fez Metropolitan Area: 1,434,235
  • Tangier Metropolitan Area: 1,300,223
  • Marrakesh Metropolitan Area: 1,152,691

Mozambique

Urban population rate: 45% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Maputo Metropolitan Area: 3,533,370
  • Nampula Metropolitan Area: 1,028,776

Namibia

Urban population rate: 46% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Niger

Urban population rate: 23% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Niamey Metropolitan Area: 1,600,656

Nigeria

Urban population rate: 58% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Lagos Metropolitan Area: 12,846,045
  • Onitsha Metropolitan Area: 5,788,296
  • Kano Metropolitan Area: 5,110,616
  • Ibadan Metropolitan Area: 4,043,955
  • Owerri Metropolitan Area: 3,594,823
  • Port Harcourt Metropolitan Area: 2,623,780
  • Kaduna Metropolitan Area: 1,937,932
  • Benin Metropolitan Area: 1,912,370
  • Warri Metropolitan Area: 1,617,739
  • Uyo Metropolitan Area: 1,606,054
  • Aba Metropolitan Area: 1,472,091
  • Ilorin Metropolitan Area: 1,359,617
  • Abuja Metropolitan Area: 1,322,229
  • Maiduguri Metropolitan Area: 1,293,406
  • Aboh Metropolitan Area: 1,282,172
  • Enugu Metropolitan Area: 1,086,434
  • Okene Metropolitan Area: 1,036,027

Rwanda

Urban population rate: 25% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Kigali Metropolitan Area: 1,621,760

Sao Tome e Principe

Urban population rate: 71% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Senegal

Urban population rate: 51% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Dakar Metropolitan Area: 3,970,202
  • Touba Metropolitan Area: 1,170,259

Sierra Leone

Urban population rate: 46% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Somalia

Urban population rate: 45% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

South Africa

The Greater Johannesburg metropolitan area is the fourth largest metropolitan area in South Africa. Its population was over 9.6 million as of the 2011 South Africa Census, in contrast to its urban area, which consisted of approximately 7.9 million inhabitants as of 2011. Conversely, metropolitan municipalities in South Africa are defined as commonly governed areas of a metropolitan area. The largest such metropolitan municipal government entity in South Africa is the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality, which presided over nearly 5 million people as of 2016. However, the Greater Johannesburg metropolitan area houses roughly ten times the population of its core municipal city of Johannesburg, which contained 957,441 people as of the 2011 census.

Urban population rate: 69% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

South Sudan

Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Juba Metropolitan Area: 296,087

Sudan

Urban population rate: 48% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Khartoum Metropolitan Area: 7,114,749
  • Nyala Metropolitan Area: 1,038,790

Tanzania

Urban population rate: 34% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Togo

Urban population rate: 52% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Lomé Metropolitan Area: 2,498,074

Tunisia

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Tunis Metropolitan Area: 2,790,169

Uganda

Urban population rate: 19% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Kampala Metropolitan Area: 5,177,898

Zambia

Urban population rate: 44% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Lusaka Metropolitan Area: 3,658,064

Zimbabwe

Urban population rate: 46% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Harare Metropolitan Area: 2,076,037

Asia

Afghanistan

Urban population rate: 29% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Kabul Metropolitan Area6,254,679
Herat Metropolitan Area1,489,156
Kandahar Metropolitan Area872,755
Mazar i Sharif Metropolitan Area465,528
Jalalabad Metropolitan Area417,828
Puli Khumri Metropolitan Area214,258
Laskar Gah Metropolitan Area207,569
Qunduz Metropolitan Area190,793
Charikar Metropolitan Area177,152
Taloqan Metropolitan Area162,418
Sibargan Metropolitan Area131,716
Farah Metropolitan Area122,843

Armenia

Urban population rate: 70% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Azerbaijan

Urban population rate: 60% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Bahrain

Urban population rate: 80% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Bangladesh

In Bangladesh, the large population centres which have significant financial, political and administrative importance are considered to be as Metropolitan cities, which are governed by City Corporations. In total, there are 12 city corporations in Bangladesh. [28] 4 of them (Dhaka North City Corporation, Dhaka South City Corporation, Narayanganj City Corporation, Gazipur City Corporation) are part of Dhaka Metropolitan Area.

Urban population rate: 36% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Dhaka Metropolitan Area: 37,307,160

Brunei

Urban population rate: 45% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Cambodia

Urban population rate: 26% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

China

In China, there used to be no clear distinction between megalopolis (城市群, lit. city cluster) and metropolitan area (都市圈) until National Development and Reform Commission issued Guidelines on the Cultivation and Development of Modern Metropolitan Areas (关于培育发展现代化都市圈的指导意见) on Feb 19, 2019, in which a metropolitan area was defined as "an urbanized spatial form in a megalopolis dominated by (a) supercity(-ies) or megacity(-ies), or a large metropolis playing a leading part, and within the basic range of 1-hour commute area." [29]

Data are referred to borders determined by Sino-British Joint Declaration (1984), Sino-Portugal Joint Declaration (1987) and later agreements with countries that share a land border with China or influenced by disputes in the sea where China faces (see Territorial disputes focus).

Urban population rate: 57% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NameProvince/Autonomous region/Municipality/SARPopulation
Nenjiang Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 140,203
Beian Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 106,291
Hulanergi Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 180,724
Qiqihar Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 880,401
Hailun Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 131,625
Suileng Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 118,062
Hegang Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 526,931
Fujin Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 136,235
Shuangyashan Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 210,959
Jiamusi Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 660,888
Suihua Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 248,077
Daqing Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 1,049,903
Zhaodong Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 272,080
Qitaihe Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 458,945
Mishan Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 107,631
Jixi Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 507,651
Harbin Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 4,441,336
Acheng Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 243,479
Shuangcheng Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 186,835
Shangzhi Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 116,851
Wuchang Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 134,640
Mudanjiang Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 760,143
Suifenhe Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 107,582
Baicheng Metropolitan Area Jilin 288,896
Taonan Metropolitan Area Jilin 122,973
Daan Metropolitan Area Jilin 134,202
Fuyu Metropolitan Area Jilin 487,550
Yushu Metropolitan Area Jilin 189,349
Shulan Metropolitan Area Jilin 200,866
Dehui Metropolitan Area Jilin 152,930
Jiutai Metropolitan Area Jilin 127,023
Changchun Metropolitan Area Jilin 3,424,261
Gongzhuling Metropolitan Area Jilin 188,002
Siping Metropolitan Area Jilin 494,103
Shuangyang Metropolitan Area Jilin 106,312
Jilin Metropolitan Area Jilin 1,501,500
Jiaohe Metropolitan Area Jilin 137,749
Dunhua Metropolitan Area Jilin 221,907
Liaoyuan Metropolitan Area Jilin 374,651
Huadian Metropolitan Area Jilin 134,283
Huinan Metropolitan Area Jilin 105,818
Meihekou Metropolitan Area Jilin 238,275
Tonghua Metropolitan Area Jilin 313,603
Jian Metropolitan Area Jilin 174,362
Baishan Metropolitan Area Jilin 273,627
Linjiang Metropolitan Area Jilin 109,941
Changbai Metropolitan Area Jilin 228,143
Yanji Metropolitan Area Jilin 469,217
Tumen Metropolitan Area Jilin 104,826
Hunchun Metropolitan Area Jilin 128,152
Kaiyuan Metropolitan Area Liaoning 239,064
Tiefa Metropolitan Area Liaoning 142,100
Zhangwu Metropolitan Area Liaoning 140,185
Tieling Metropolitan Area Liaoning 194,020
Xinmin Metropolitan Area Liaoning 163,541
Shenyang Metropolitan Area (Shenyang + Fushun) Liaoning 6,718,611
Fuxin Metropolitan Area Liaoning 677,455
Heishan Metropolitan Area Liaoning 128,639
Jinzhou Metropolitan Area (Jinzhou + Linghai) Liaoning 947,725
Huludao Metropolitan Area Liaoning 514,586
Xingcheng Metropolitan Area Liaoning 143,237
Panjin Metropolitan Area Liaoning 698,676
Benxi Metropolitan Area Liaoning 843,798
Anshan Metropolitan Area (Anshan + Liaoyang) Liaoning 2,145,857
Haicheng Metropolitan Area Liaoning 374,899
Dashiqiao Metropolitan Area Liaoning 299,100
Yingkou Metropolitan Area Liaoning 492,161
Bayuquan Metropolitan Area Liaoning 395,999
Gaizhou Metropolitan Area Liaoning 197,547
Kuandian Metropolitan Area Liaoning 100,814
Fengcheng Metropolitan Area Liaoning 115,312
Xiuyan Metropolitan Area Liaoning 106,650
Dandong Metropolitan Area Liaoning 1,007,051
Donggang Metropolitan Area Liaoning 105,309
Zhuanghe Metropolitan Area Liaoning 136,269
Wafangdian Metropolitan Area Liaoning 279,945
Pulandian Metropolitan Area Liaoning 122,811
Dalian Metropolitan Area Liaoning 3,511,057
Beipiao Metropolitan Area Liaoning 122,527
Chaoyang Metropolitan Area Liaoning 474,460
Lingyuan Metropolitan Area Liaoning 176,317
Bayannur Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 304,036
Dongsheng Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 424,966
Baotou Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 2,171,436
Hohhot Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 1,881,076
Ulanqab Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 273,520
Pingzhuang Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 100,561
Chifeng Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 628,633
Xilingol Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 161,465
Tongliao Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 527,049
Hinggan Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 217,420
Zhalantun Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 116,426
Yakeshi Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 132,936
Hulunbuir Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 209,890
Jagdaqi Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 123,405
Manzhuoli Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 103,618
Datong Metropolitan Area Shanxi 1,571,547
Huairen Metropolitan Area Shanxi 169,525
Hunyuan Metropolitan Area Shanxi 106,479
Shuozhou Metropolitan Area Shanxi 324,877
Yuanping Metropolitan Area Shanxi 126,746
Xinzhou Metropolitan Area Shanxi 229,257
Xingxian Metropolitan Area Shanxi 115,918
Yangquan Metropolitan Area Shanxi 580,875
Taiyuan Metropolitan Area (Taiyuan + Jinzhong) Shanxi 4,777,282
Gujiao Metropolitan Area Shanxi 172,353
Jiaocheng Metropolitan Area Shanxi 241,649
Wenshui Metropolitan Area Shanxi 118,494
Pingyao Metropolitan Area Shanxi 177,193
Fenyang Metropolitan Area Shanxi 126,193
Xiaoyi Metropolitan Area Shanxi 165,448
Jiexiu Metropolitan Area Shanxi 159,368
Luliang Metropolitan Area Shanxi 554,109
Liulin Metropolitan Area Shanxi 141,684
Huozhou Metropolitan Area Shanxi 134,636
Hongtong Metropolitan Area Shanxi 110,831
Linfen Metropolitan Area Shanxi 1,090,241
Lucheng Metropolitan Area Shanxi 103,558
Changzhi Metropolitan Area Shanxi 727,719
Gaoping Metropolitan Area Shanxi 350,483
Jincheng Metropolitan Area Shanxi 921,145
Yangcheng Metropolitan Area Shanxi 109,782
Houma Metropolitan Area Shanxi 319,376
Yongji Metropolitan Area Shanxi 151,148
Yuncheng Metropolitan Area Shanxi 687,353
Baode Metropolitan Area Shanxi 170,408
Shenmu Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 274,814
Yulin Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 510,159
Jingbian Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 138,912
Yanan Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 475,071
Hancheng Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 224,048
Chengcheng Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 100,864
Chengguan Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 197,762
Tongchuan Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 130,607
Hangkongjidi Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 126,962
Weinan Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 273,989
Guanzhong Conurbation (Xian + Xianyang + Xingping) Shaanxi 7,390,637
Baoji Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 773,901
Shangluo Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 110,703
Ankang Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 807,066
Hanzhong Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 371,212
Mianxian Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 131,027
Tianshui Metropolitan Area Gansu 735,294
Gangu Metropolitan Area Gansu 145,758
Longxi Metropolitan Area Gansu 141,596
Pingliang Metropolitan Area Gansu 461,066
Qingyang Metropolitan Area Gansu 201,936
Linxia Metropolitan Area Gansu 229,343
Lintao Metropolitan Area Gansu 110,642
Dingxi Metropolitan Area Gansu 110,323
Baiyin Metropolitan Area Gansu 222,677
Lanzhou Metropolitan Area Gansu 2,799,977
Wuwei Metropolitan Area Gansu 128,072
Jinchang Metropolitan Area Gansu 144,055
Zhangye Metropolitan Area Gansu 198,224
Jiuquan Metropolitan Area Gansu 181,625
Jiayuguan Metropolitan Area Gansu 199,681
Cizhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 131,025
Fengfeng Metropolitan Area Hebei 246,068
Linzhang Metropolitan Area Hebei 143,050
Handan Metropolitan Area Hebei 2,099,937
Wuan Metropolitan Area Hebei 185,361
Liuying Metropolitan Area Hebei 371,474
Xingtai Metropolitan Area Hebei 775,750
Wanggongzhuang Metropolitan Area Hebei 116,470
Fenghuang Metropolitan Area Hebei 125,190
Zhaozhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 120,149
Hengshui Metropolitan Area Hebei 348,778
Shijiazhuang Metropolitan Area Hebei 3,271,840
Xinle Metropolitan Area Hebei 115,941
Gaocheng Metropolitan Area Hebei 134,899
Jinzhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 122,665
Xinji Metropolitan Area Hebei 203,404
Dingzhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 241,199
Botou Metropolitan Area Hebei 181,728
Cangzhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 635,841
Baoding Metropolitan Area Hebei 1,251,379
Mancheng Metropolitan Area Hebei 122,317
Ansu Metropolitan Area Hebei 168,502
Hejian Metropolitan Area Hebei 103,189
Renqiu Metropolitan Area Hebei 180,982
Gaobeidian Metropolitan Area Hebei 247,926
Zhuozhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 199,207
Baigou Metropolitan Area Hebei 136,371
Bazhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 105,714
Tangerli Metropolitan Area Hebei 131,167
Guan Metropolitan Area Hebei 122,927
Jinghai Metropolitan Area Tianjin + Hebei 190,044
Tianjin Metropolitan Area Tianjin + Hebei 10,495,062
Baodi Metropolitan Area Tianjin + Hebei 266,910
Beijing Metropolitan Area Beijing + Hebei 21,031,565
Langfang Metropolitan Area Hebei 490,411
Qianwang Metropolitan Area Hebei 102,006
Jixian Metropolitan Area Hebei 164,804
Yutian Metropolitan Area Hebei 132,031
Xuanhua Metropolitan Area Hebei 334,936
Zhangjiakou Metropolitan Area Hebei 638,613
Tangshan Metropolitan Area Hebei 3,432,141
Zunhua Metropolitan Area Hebei 162,409
Changli Metropolitan Area Hebei 126,078
Qinhuangdao Metropolitan Area Hebei 727,667
Chengde Metropolitan Area Hebei 241,385
Xinyang Metropolitan Area Henan 399,077
Huangchuan Metropolitan Area Henan 170,282
Xixian Metropolitan Area Henan 113,279
Gushi Metropolitan Area Henan 220,275
Dengzhou Metropolitan Area Henan 1,095,052
Tanghe Metropolitan Area Henan 230,454
Nanyang Metropolitan Area Henan 768,610
Zhenping Metropolitan Area Henan 156,472
Xichuan Metropolitan Area Henan 127,044
Huiche Metropolitan Area Henan 110,130
Zhumadian Metropolitan Area Henan 405,959
Shangcai Metropolitan Area Henan 199,931
Xiping Metropolitan Area Henan 121,920
Luohe Metropolitan Area Henan 1,183,149
Xiangcheng Metropolitan Area Henan 257,291
Shenqiu Metropolitan Area Henan 114,048
Lingbao Metropolitan Area Henan 173,956
Sanmenxia Metropolitan Area Henan 288,771
Liuquan Metropolitan Area Henan 105,748
Yichuan Metropolitan Area Henan 145,126
Huiguozhen Metropolitan Area Henan 184,149
Mengzhou Metropolitan Area Henan 122,479
Dengfeng Metropolitan Area Henan 121,845
Ruzhou Metropolitan Area Henan 190,383
Zhangdian Metropolitan Area Henan 101,065
Pingdingshan Metropolitan Area Henan 703,405
Anliang Metropolitan Area Henan 104,351
Linying Metropolitan Area Henan 187,946
Xuchang Metropolitan Area (Xuchang + Changge) Henan 1,821,624
Yuzhou Metropolitan Area Henan 245,470
Yellow River conurbation (Zhengzhou + Luoyang + Kaifeng + Yanshi + Gongyi + Xingyang + Xinzheng) Henan 10,395,361
Zhoukou Metropolitan Area Henan 392,625
Huaiyang Metropolitan Area Henan 140,625
Dancheng Metropolitan Area Henan 112,306
Shangqiu Metropolitan Area Henan 779,507
Xinmi Metropolitan Area Henan 277,556
Laiji Metropolitan Area Henan 100,132
Yongcheng Metropolitan Area Henan 334,148
Jiyuan Metropolitan Area Henan 405,860
Jiaozuo Metropolitan Area (Jiaozuo + Boai) Henan 1,072,637
Huizian Metropolitan Area Henan 167,118
Xinxiang Metropolitan Area Henan 870,741
Changyuan Metropolitan Area Henan 212,986
Huaxian Metropolitan Area Henan 174,470
Puyang Metropolitan Area Henan 871,559
Hebi Metropolitan Area Henan 238,324
Huixian Metropolitan Area Henan 167,118
Linzhou Metropolitan Area Henan 133,999
Anyang Metropolitan Area (Anyang + Qugou) Henan 1,942,838
Wuxue Metropolitan Area Hubei 199,876
Huangshi Metropolitan Area Hubei 753,021
Qichun Metropolitan Area Hubei 103,945
Xishui Metropolitan Area Hubei 132,231
Ezhou Metropolitan Area Hubei 583,820
Xianning Metropolitan Area Hubei 276,077
Chibi Metropolitan Area Hubei 171,579
Xinzhou Metropolitan Area Hubei 128,392
Macheng Metropolitan Area Hubei 136,894
Baiyun Metropolitan Area Hubei 123,715
Jianli Metropolitan Area Hubei 143,632
Gongan Metropolitan Area Hubei 123,573
Jingzhou Metropolitan Area Hubei 625,685
Zhijiang Metropolitan Area Hubei 102,589
Yichang Metropolitan Area Hubei 1,573,289
Dangyang Metropolitan Area Hubei 123,328
Jingmen Metropolitan Area Hubei 272,753
Qianjiang Metropolitan Area Hubei 111,193
Tianmen Metropolitan Area Hubei 402,718
Xiantao Metropolitan Area Hubei 278,585
Xinshi Metropolitan Area Hubei 127,046
Zhongxiang Metropolitan Area Hubei 157,863
Yingcheng Metropolitan Area Hubei 145,101
Yunmeng Metropolitan Area Hubei 120,504
Xiaogan Metropolitan Area Hubei 812,534
Wuhan Metropolitan Area Hubei 9,545,897
Anlu Metropolitan Area Hubei 341,145
Hongan Metropolitan Area Hubei 122,136
Dawu Metropolitan Area Hubei 101,366
Guangshui Metropolitan Area Hubei 101,503
Suizhou Metropolitan Area Hubei 249,979
Yicheng Metropolitan Area Hubei 109,507
Zaoyang Metropolitan Area Hubei 155,165
Nanzhang Metropolitan Area Hubei 104,919
Xiangyang Metropolitan Area Hubei 938,344
Guicheng Metropolitan Area Hubei 115,583
Laohekou Metropolitan Area Hubei 128,897
Danjiangkou Metropolitan Area Hubei 129,251
Shiyan Metropolitan Area Hubei 1,129,747
Yunyang Metropolitan Area Hubei 130,833
Enshi Metropolitan Area Hubei 625,489
Yueyang Metropolitan Area Hunan 950,526
Miluo Metropolitan Area Hunan 402,574
Xiangyin Metropolitan Area Hunan 194,007
Huarong Metropolitan Area Hunan 106,915
Nan Metropolitan Area Hunan 158,592
Anxiang Metropolitan Area Hunan 110,094
Lixian Metropolitan Area Hunan 315,625
Shimen Metropolitan Area Hunan 103,504
Longshan Metropolitan Area Hunan 159,523
Zhangjiajie Metropolitan Area Hunan 163,528
Changde Metropolitan Area Hunan 603,681
Yuanjiang Metropolitan Area Hunan 142,778
Jishou Metropolitan Area Hunan 190,543
Yuanling Metropolitan Area Hunan 114,031
Yiyang Metropolitan Area Hunan 771,016
Taojiang Metropolitan Area Hunan 135,408
Ningxiang Metropolitan Area Hunan 155,813
Changsha Metropolitan Area Hunan 3,380,740
Liuyang Metropolitan Area Hunan 456,892
Xiangtan Metropolitan Area Hunan 838,270
Zhuzhou Metropolitan Area Hunan 1,005,568
Xupu Metropolitan Area Hunan 107,896
Huaihua Metropolitan Area Hunan 936,823
Lengshuijiang Metropolitan Area Hunan 404,868
Lianyuan Metropolitan Area Hunan 177,881
Loudi Metropolitan Area Hunan 686,965
Xiangxiang Metropolitan Area Hunan 149,319
Pukou Metropolitan Area Hunan 324,816
Liling Metropolitan Area Hunan 622,255
Shaoyang Metropolitan Area Hunan 480,290
Shaodong Metropolitan Area Hunan 173,054
Wugang Metropolitan Area Hunan 142,477
Hengyang Metropolitan Area Hunan 929,728
Qidong Metropolitan Area Hunan 179,333
Qiyang Metropolitan Area Hunan 141,686
Yongzhou Metropolitan Area Hunan 416,168
Lingling Metropolitan Area Hunan 139,587
Changning Metropolitan Area Hunan 124,681
Leiyang Metropolitan Area Hunan 882,594
Chaling Metropolitan Area Hunan 101,513
Guiyang Metropolitan Area Hunan 129,943
Chenzhou Metropolitan Area Hunan 617,070
Zixing Metropolitan Area Hunan 235,332
Linyi Metropolitan Area Shandong 1,555,397
Tancheng Metropolitan Area Shandong 131,990
Lanling Metropolitan Area Shandong 215,497
Linshu Metropolitan Area Shandong 136,833
Shizhong Metropolitan Area Shandong 444,791
Zaozhuang Metropolitan Area Shandong 200,465
Tengzhou Metropolitan Area Shandong 1,465,842
Shanxian Metropolitan Area Shandong 236,142
Chengwu Metropolitan Area Shandong 101,262
Caoxian Metropolitan Area Shandong 209,734
Heze Metropolitan Area Shandong 450,572
Yuncheng Metropolitan Area Shandong 147,831
Quanpu Metropolitan Area Shandong 103,692
Liangshan Metropolitan Area Shandong 104,524
Jining Metropolitan Area (Jining + Jiaxiang) Shandong 1,040,480
Gulou Metropolitan Area Shandong 235,458
Qufu Metropolitan Area Shandong 243,583
Ningyang Metropolitan Area Shandong 111,143
Zoucheng Metropolitan Area Shandong 462,609
Feixian Metropolitan Area Shandong 159,717
Pingyi Metropolitan Area Shandong 169,009
Junan Metropolitan Area Shandong 128,930
Lanshan Metropolitan Area Shandong 104,411
Rizhao Metropolitan Area Shandong 459,144
Yinan Metropolitan Area Shandong 140,795
Juxian Metropolitan Area Shandong 192,648
Yishui Metropolitan Area Shandong 226,795
Wulian Metropolitan Area Shandong 129,400
Zhucheng Metropolitan Area Shandong 759,969
Mengyin Metropolitan Area Shandong 133,832
Xintai Metropolitan Area Shandong 236,800
Gangcheng Metropolitan Area Shandong 198,461
Laiwu Metropolitan Area Shandong 369,299
Yiyuan Metropolitan Area Shandong 151,457
Taian Metropolitan Area Shandong 707,595
Feicheng Metropolitan Area Shandong 244,686
Shenxian Metropolitan Area Shandong 111,749
Yanggu Metropolitan Area Shandong 165,380
Liaocheng Metropolitan Area Shandong 530,299
Chiping Metropolitan Area Shandong 167,049
Gaotang Metropolitan Area Shandong 108,889
Xiajin Metropolitan Area Shandong 127,923
Linqing Metropolitan Area Shandong 282,112
Dezhou Metropolitan Area Shandong 459,282
Lingcheng Metropolitan Area Shandong 133,590
Laoling Metropolitan Area Shandong 139,848
Binzhou Metropolitan Area Shandong 696,958
Dongying Metropolitan Area Shandong 772,917
Boxing Metropolitan Area Shandong 145,414
Yucheng Metropolitan Area Shandong 114,562
Qihe Metropolitan Area Shandong 121,109
Jinan Metropolitan Area Shandong 3,824,875
Zhangqiu Metropolitan Area Shandong 310,417
Zouping Metropolitan Area Shandong 233,401
Zhoucun Metropolitan Area Shandong 235,870
Zibo Metropolitan Area Shandong 1,680,283
Huantai Metropolitan Area Shandong 127,346
Linzi Metropolitan Area Shandong 311,247
Qingzhou Metropolitan Area Shandong 338,584
Linqu Metropolitan Area Shandong 280,463
Shouguang Metropolitan Area Shandong 350,722
Weifang Metropolitan Area Shandong 961,428
Anqiu Metropolitan Area Shandong 784,572
Changyi Metropolitan Area Shandong 400,490
Gaomi Metropolitan Area Shandong 599,934
Jiaozhou Metropolitan Area Shandong 472,800
Qingdao Metropolitan Area Shandong 4,654,400
Pingdu Metropolitan Area Shandong 285,946
Laizhou Metropolitan Area Shandong 279,120
Laixi Metropolitan Area Shandong 206,310
Laiyang Metropolitan Area Shandong 265,847
Zhaoyuan Metropolitan Area Shandong 149,782
Longgang Metropolitan Area Shandong 114,398
Xinjia Metropolitan Area Shandong 167,514
Zijingshan Metropolitan Area Shandong 110,486
Dongcun Metropolitan Area Shandong 129,215
Rushan Metropolitan Area Shandong 183,404
Wendeng Metropolitan Area Shandong 224,206
Rongcheng Metropolitan Area Shandong 174,923
Weihai Metropolitan Area Shandong 595,386
Mouping Metropolitan Area Shandong 181,201
Yantai Metropolitan Area Shandong 861,617
Guanqiaocun Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 171,335
Shengze Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 397,791
Weitang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 323,164
Yixing Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 507,299
Liyang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 258,046
Chunxi Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 148,414
Honglan Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 157,094
Jurong Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 212,225
Nanjing Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 8,061,029
Yizheng Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 193,319
Zhenjiang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 750,237
Danyang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 327,309
Jintan Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 254,626
Yangzhou Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 1,115,549
Jiepai Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 104,714
Yangzhong Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 248,444
Taixing Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 250,658
Taizhou Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 462,307
Jiangyan Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 253,327
Huangqiao Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 132,148
Haian Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 255,199
Rugao Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 176,577
Nantong Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 3,061,741
Juegang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 151,848
Lusi Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 112,386
Qidong Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 233,887
Gaoyou Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 205,864
Xinghua Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 231,774
Zhongyaoba Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 134,581
Dongtai Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 272,911
Dafeng Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 151,776
Yancheng Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 1,211,454
Xucheng Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 112,431
Qingyang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 200,896
Baoying Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 240,818
Jianhu Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 270,944
Honggang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 108,059
Huaian Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 2,357,132
Hede Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 135,133
Zhuma Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 156,638
Zhongxing Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 158,299
Dongkan Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 209,833
Suqian Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 957,665
Suining Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 240,918
Shuyang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 363,144
Xinan Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 137,817
Yishan Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 120,584
Lianyungang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 1,188,320
Qingkou Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 199,916
Donghai Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 168,297
Xinyi Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 182,063
Pizhou Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 898,642
Xuzhou Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 1,552,140
Datun Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 280,967
Fengcheng Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 114,259
Yangtze Delta Conurbation (Shanghai + Suzhou + Changshu + Zhangjiagang + Jiangyin + Jingjiang + Changzhou + Wuxi) Shanghai + Jiangsu 50,578,473
Chongming Metropolitan Area Shanghai 135,058
Huangshan Metropolitan Area Anhui 372,354
Anqing Metropolitan Area Anhui 469,919
Chizhou Metropolitan Area Anhui 332,925
Tongling Metropolitan Area Anhui 363,353
Tongcheng Metropolitan Area Anhui 117,455
Lujiang Metropolitan Area Anhui 140,133
Shucheng Metropolitan Area Anhui 124,894
Ningguo Metropolitan Area Anhui 374,587
Xuancheng Metropolitan Area Anhui 427,032
Wuhu Metropolitan Area Anhui 2,294,096
Wuwei Metropolitan Area Anhui 100,155
Chaohu Metropolitan Area Anhui 243,724
Maanshan Metropolitan Area Anhui 1,290,864
Hefei Metropolitan Area Anhui 5,646,049
Luan Metropolitan Area Anhui 891,648
Chuzhou Metropolitan Area Anhui 295,742
Quanjiao Metropolitan Area Anhui 126,047
Dingyuan Metropolitan Area Anhui 131,594
Huainan Metropolitan Area Anhui 1,478,620
Bengbu Metropolitan Area Anhui 806,345
Fuyang Metropolitan Area Anhui 1,026,179
Funan Metropolitan Area Anhui 128,555
Linquan Metropolitan Area Anhui 173,397
Jieshou Metropolitan Area Anhui 124,500
Taihe Metropolitan Area Anhui 161,000
Lixin Metropolitan Area Anhui 114,673
Xiangcheng Metropolitan Area Henan 231,203
Shengqiu Metropolitan Area Henan 131,352
Dancheng Metropolitan Area Henan 116,974
Bozhou Metropolitan Area Anhui 627,970
Guoyang Metropolitan Area Anhui 131,978
Mengcheng Metropolitan Area Anhui 120,365
Yongcheng Metropolitan Area Henan 334,148
Huaibei Metropolitan Area Anhui 886,634
Suzhou Metropolitan Area Anhui 956,856
Lingbi Metropolitan Area Anhui 122,748
Xiaoxian Metropolitan Area Anhui 136,757
Dangshan Metropolitan Area Anhui 117,452
Longnan Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 123,692
Xinfeng Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 134,711
Ganzhou Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 2,015,325
Yudu Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 223,353
Ruijin Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 211,192
Xingguo Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 168,176
Ningdu Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 159,642
Suichuan Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 113,297
Chengjiang Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 121,340
Jian Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 473,227
Nanfeng Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 110,006
Nancheng Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 137,937
Fuzhou Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 880,318
Dongxiang Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 151,447
Jiangbian Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 199,842
Huayuan Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 133,365
Jinxian Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 152,824
Nanchang Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 3,705,530
Fengcheng Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 282,030
Zhangshu Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 243,160
Xinyu Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 851,536
Fenyi Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 102,339
Yichun Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 1,043,123
Pingxiang Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 651,470
Wanzai Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 112,366
Shanggao Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 101,698
Gaoan Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 353,080
Chian Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 118,307
Yugan Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 177,288
Shangrao Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 894,516
Yushan Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 175,567
Poyang Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 188,396
Leping Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 293,644
Jiangdezhen Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 460,993
Nankang Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 143,448
Jiujiang Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 779,301
Ruichang Metropolitan Area Jiangxi 113,745
Changxing Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 229,339
Huzhou Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 454,276
Pinghu Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 237,857
Haiyan Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 171,909
Jiaxing Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 1,019,544
Haining Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 242,761
Deqing Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 141,039
Dipu Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 178,292
Northern Zhejiang Conurbation (Hangzhou + Shaoxing + Cixi + Yuyao + Ningbo) Zhejiang 13,189,786
Linan Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 202,844
Fuyang Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 397,545
Tonglu Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 137,680
Jiande Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 119,497
Daping Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 106,638
Jiangshan Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 137,838
Quzhou Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 376,285
Lanxi Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 234,286
Jinhua Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 630,207
Yiwu Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 1,629,407
Zhuji Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 447,567
Yongkang Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 597,957
Lishui Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 266,877
Shengzhou Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 443,232
Shangyu Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 282,360
Fenghua Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 202,964
Zhoushan Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 467,378
Dancheng Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 170,259
Ninghai Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 264,584
Tiantai Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 145,705
Chengguan Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 143,074
Linhai Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 343,696
Taizhou Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 2,544,455
Yuhuan Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 475,380
Shuitou Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 104,545
Wenzhou Conurbation (Wenzhou + Longgang + Ruian + Yueqing) Zhejiang 7,555,974
Fuding Metropolitan Area Fujian 165,129
Fuan Metropolitan Area Fujian 160,484
Songcheng Metropolitan Area Fujian 129,786
Ningde Metropolitan Area Fujian 208,964
Nanping Metropolitan Area Fujian 162,435
Sanming Metropolitan Area Fujian 253,422
Fengcheng Metropolitan Area Fujian 139,051
Fuzhou Metropolitan Area Fujian 3,746,678
Yongan Metropolitan Area Fujian 138,080
Tingzhou Metropolitan Area Fujian 111,177
Fuqing Metropolitan Area Fujian 379,236
Jiangjing Metropolitan Area Fujian 162,937
Tangcheng Metropolitan Area Fujian 197,497
Putian Metropolitan Area Fujian 1,106,639
Fengting Metropolitan Area Fujian 169,488
Wangchuan Metropolitan Area Fujian 218,196
Luocheng [zh] Metropolitan Area Fujian 401,701
Taocheng Metropolitan Area Fujian 145,782
Bangtou Metropolitan Area Fujian 339,181
Longxun Metropolitan Area Fujian 158,318
Longyan Metropolitan Area Fujian 410,404
Quanzhou Metropolitan Area Fujian 4,009,700
Meishan Metropolitan Area Fujian 120,112
Nanan Metropolitan Area Fujian 118,623
Guanqiao Metropolitan Area Fujian 179,347
Xiamen Metropolitan Area (Xiamen + Zhangzhou) Fujian 5,333,178
Xiaoxi Metropolitan Area Fujian 102,593
Nanzhao Metropolitan Area Fujian 132,124
Yunling Metropolitan Area Fujian 124,307
Suian Metropolitan Area Fujian 106,629
Xucheng Metropolitan Area Guangdong 174,341
Leizhou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 334,786
Zhanjiang Metropolitan Area Guangdong 1,275,720
Lianjiang Metropolitan Area Guangdong 233,624
Huazhou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 149,680
Changqichun Metropolitan Area Guangdong 108,208
Wuchuan Metropolitan Area Guangdong 320,298
Maoming Metropolitan Area Guangdong 777,456
Dianbai Metropolitan Area Guangdong 144,053
Liantou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 112,955
Gaozhou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 245,670
Xinyi Metropolitan Area Guangdong 188,044
Yangxi Metropolitan Area Guangdong 106,092
Yangjiang Metropolitan Area Guangdong 445,968
Yangchun Metropolitan Area Guangdong 207,591
Enping Metropolitan Area Guangdong 186,156
Luoding Metropolitan Area Guangdong 224,474
Yunfu Metropolitan Area Guangdong 218,851
Xinxing Metropolitan Area Guangdong 142,366
Zhaoqing Metropolitan Area Guangdong 635,016
Huaiji Metropolitan Area Guangdong 106,623
Qingyuan Metropolitan Area Guangdong 587,780
Kaiping Metropolitan Area Guangdong 308,791
Danshuikou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 124,054
Taishan Metropolitan Area Guangdong 257,286
Doumen Metropolitan Area Guangdong 186,767
Lianzhou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 107,248
Shaoguan Metropolitan Area Guangdong 622,686
Yingde Metropolitan Area Guangdong 147,103
Shijiao Metropolitan Area Guangdong 100,425
Conghua Metropolitan Area Guangdong 189,903
Heyuan Metropolitan Area Guangdong 377,911
Laolong Metropolitan Area Guangdong 152,260
Zijin Metropolitan Area Guangdong 178,960
Huidong Metropolitan Area Guangdong 381,618
Haifeng Metropolitan Area Guangdong 327,326
Shanwei Metropolitan Area Guangdong 399,595
Lufeng Metropolitan Area Guangdong 281,116
Jieshi Metropolitan Area Guangdong 171,584
Jiazi Metropolitan Area Guangdong 161,983
Huilai Metropolitan Area Guangdong 515,710
Jiexi Metropolitan Area Guangdong 111,583
Xingning Metropolitan Area Guangdong 299,117
Shuizhai Metropolitan Area Guangdong 194,721
Meizhou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 451,530
Raoping Metropolitan Area Guangdong 116,954
Qiandong Metropolitan Area Guangdong 360,868
Chaoshan conurbation (Shantou + Chaozhou + Jieyang) Guangdong 12,663,882
Zhuijiang conurbation (Hong Kong + Shenzhen + Dongguan + Huizhou + Guangzhou + Foshan + Jiangmen + Zhongshan + Zhuhai + Macau) Guangdong + Hong Kong + Macau 58,822,480
Haikou Metropolitan Area Hainan 1,591,695
Danzhou Metropolitan Area Hainan 205,199
Qionghai Metropolitan Area Hainan 129,381
Sanya Metropolitan Area Hainan 452,525
Ruili Metropolitan Area Yunnan 163,239
Baoshan Metropolitan Area Yunnan 372,209
Dali Metropolitan Area Yunnan 350,945
Lijiang Metropolitan Area Yunnan 148,632
Lincang Metropolitan Area Yunnan 125,501
Jinghong Metropolitan Area Yunnan 110,737
Puer Metropolitan Area Yunnan 171,436
Chuxiong Metropolitan Area Yunnan 282,550
Gejiu Metropolitan Area Yunnan 200,494
Linan Metropolitan Area Yunnan 131,545
Kaiyuan Metropolitan Area Yunnan 133,048
Wenlan Metropolitan Area Yunnan 134,657
Panzhihua Metropolitan Area Yunnan 199,981
Yangguang Metropolitan Area Yunnan 122,171
Yuxi Metropolitan Area Yunnan 370,446
Miyang Metropolitan Area Yunnan 111,670
Jinzhong Metropolitan Area Yunnan 129,679
Xuanwei Metropolitan Area Yunnan 242,147
Qujing Metropolitan Area Yunnan 423,122
Kunming Metropolitan Area Yunnan 3,416,600
Xichang Metropolitan Area Sichuan 281,791
Panzhihua Metropolitan Area Sichuan 564,730
Yibin Metropolitan Area Sichuan 453,683
Naxi Metropolitan Area Sichuan 131,691
Luzhou Metropolitan Area Sichuan 446,058
Hejiang Metropolitan Area Sichuan 108,127
Longchang Metropolitan Area Sichuan 311,632
Fushun Metropolitan Area Sichuan 134,380
Zigong Metropolitan Area Sichuan 414,628
Weiyuan Metropolitan Area Sichuan 106,979
Rongxian Metropolitan Area Sichuan 115,131
Neijiang Metropolitan Area Sichuan 316,065
Zizhong Metropolitan Area Sichuan 133,695
Leshan Metropolitan Area (Leshan + Emeishan) Sichuan 1,320,323
Meishan Metropolitan Area Sichuan 661,443
Yaan Metropolitan Area Sichuan 376,578
Renshou Metropolitan Area Sichuan 142,543
Ziyang Metropolitan Area Sichuan 516,028
Anyue Metropolitan Area Sichuan 110,263
Suining Metropolitan Area Sichuan 688,125
Daying Metropolitan Area Sichuan 104,125
Shehong Metropolitan Area Sichuan 237,362
Santai Metropolitan Area Sichuan 126,749
Zhongjiang Metropolitan Area Sichuan 147,271
Mianyang Metropolitan Area Sichuan 538,166
Jiangyou Metropolitan Area Sichuan 233,403
Jianyang Metropolitan Area Sichuan 381,281
Chengdu Metropolitan Area Sichuan 9,011,452
Shunqing Metropolitan Area Sichuan 1,244,035
Nanbu Metropolitan Area Sichuan 163,685
Langzhong Metropolitan Area Sichuan 153,417
Yingshan Metropolitan Area Sichuan 135,900
Guangan Metropolitan Area Sichuan 523,802
Yuechi Metropolitan Area Sichuan 129,392
Linshui Metropolitan Area Sichuan 144,401
Dazhu Metropolitan Area Sichuan 154,612
Qu Metropolitan Area Sichuan 132,602
Dazhou Metropolitan Area Sichuan 771,803
Xuanhan Metropolitan Area Sichuan 109,020
Pingchan Metropolitan Area Sichuan 135,267
Tongjiang Metropolitan Area Sichuan 101,743
Bazhong Metropolitan Area Sichuan 848,389
Guangyuan Metropolitan Area Sichuan 441,909
Qijiang Metropolitan Area Chongqing 181,826
Nanchuan Metropolitan Area Chongqing 335,471
Baisha Metropolitan Area Chongqing 171,732
Rongchang Metropolitan Area Chongqing 161,431
Yongchuan Metropolitan Area Chongqing 694,286
Dazu Metropolitan Area Chongqing 111,767
Tongnan Metropolitan Area Chongqing 115,520
Chongqing Metropolitan Area Chongqing 11,042,531
Changshou Metropolitan Area Chongqing 164,070
Shuanglong Metropolitan Area Chongqing 157,283
Longqiao Metropolitan Area Chongqing 110,177
Dunren Metropolitan Area Chongqing 508,301
Fengdu Metropolitan Area Chongqing 114,070
Zhong Metropolitan Area Chongqing 127,220
Dianjiang Metropolitan Area Chongqing 144,892
Wanzhou Metropolitan Area Chongqing 537,372
Yunyang Metropolitan Area Chongqing 143,644
Kaizhou Metropolitan Area Chongqing 105,588
Xingyi Metropolitan Area Guizhou 212,962
Liuzhi Metropolitan Area Guizhou 104,556
Anshun Metropolitan Area Guizhou 635,886
Liupanshui Metropolitan Area Guizhou 1,115,228
Weining Metropolitan Area Guizhou 101,307
Zhijin Metropolitan Area Guizhou 111,791
Qianxi Metropolitan Area Guizhou 199,427
Bijie Metropolitan Area Guizhou 610,538
Guiyang Metropolitan Area Guizhou 3,056,829
Duyun Metropolitan Area Guizhou 180,494
Kaili Metropolitan Area Guizhou 386,453
Zunyi Metropolitan Area Guizhou 1,297,883
Renhuai Metropolitan Area Guizhou 106,167
Tongzi Metropolitan Area Guizhou 116,111
Tongren Metropolitan Area Guizhou 255,612
Beihai Metropolitan Area Guangxi 566,475
Qinzhou Metropolitan Area Guangxi 205,408
Fangchenggang Metropolitan Area Guangxi 107,515
Dongxing Metropolitan Area Guangxi 125,104
Luchuan Metropolitan Area Guangxi 135,065
Bobai Metropolitan Area Guangxi 174,688
Yulin Metropolitan Area Guangxi 814,022
Rongxian Metropolitan Area Guangxi 113,855
Cenxi Metropolitan Area Guangxi 220,053
Wuzhou Metropolitan Area Guangxi 460,722
Pingnan Metropolitan Area Guangxi 152,783
Guiping Metropolitan Area Guangxi 193,500
Laibin Metropolitan Area Guangxi 139,836
Guigang Metropolitan Area Guangxi 324,439
Binyang Metropolitan Area Guangxi 214,555
Fucheng Metropolitan Area Guangxi 141,192
Lingshan Metropolitan Area Guangxi 186,486
Nanning Metropolitan Area Guangxi 2,591,094
Hezhou Metropolitan Area Guangxi 167,042
Guilin Metropolitan Area Guangxi 1,069,415
Liuzhou Metropolitan Area Guangxi 1,451,939
Hechi Metropolitan Area Guangxi 129,833
Baise Metropolitan Area Guangxi 124,358
Yinchuan Metropolitan Area Ningxia 1,440,105
Dawukou Metropolitan Area Ningxia 141,933
Wuzhong Metropolitan Area Ningxia 240,247
Chengguan Metropolitan Area Qinghai 164,456
Xining Metropolitan Area Qinghai 1,303,058
Hetian Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 216,546
Kargilik Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 134,157
Kashgar Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 498,252
Kizilsu Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 129,556
Aksu Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 288,264
Kuqa Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 111,846
Bayingolin Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 392,233
Hami Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 218,398
Shihezi Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 379,563
Huiyuan Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 401,027
Karamay Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 245,077
Tacheng Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 101,155
Urumqi Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 4,539,265
Lhasa Metropolitan Area Xizang (Tibet) 273,179

Cyprus

Data are referred to pre-1974 Turkish Army occupation boundaries.

Urban population rate: 62% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Nicosia Metropolitan Area: 303,412
  • Lemesos Metropolitan Area: 191,161

Georgia

Data are referret to pre-2008 Russo-Georgian War.

Urban population rate: 60% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Tbilisi Metropolitan Area: 988,278
  • Batumi Metropolitan Area: 168,438
  • Kutaisi Metropolitan Area: 132,035

India

In India, a metropolitan city is defined as one with a population more than one million. [30] In policing jurisdiction, state governments can declare any city or town with a population exceeding one million as a metropolitan area as per the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. [31]

Urban population rate: 38% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Delhi Metropolitan Area: 31,422,508
  • Kolkata Metropolitan Area: 23,314,585
  • Mumbai Metropolitan Area: 20,453,270
  • Bengaluru Metropolitan Area: 15,178,533
  • Chennai Metropolitan Area: 11,466,400
  • Hajipur Metropolitan Area: 9,755,303
  • Hyderabad Metropolitan Area: 9,455,230
  • Ahmedabad Metropolitan Area: 7,898,650
  • Kozhikode Metropolitan Area: 7,612,130
  • Surat Metropolitan Area: 7,100,723
  • Pune Metropolitan Area: 6,674,127
  • Lucknow Metropolitan Area: 5,214,964
  • Kochi Metropolitan Area: 5,069,022
  • Kanpur Metropolitan Area: 4,413,625
  • Jaipur Metropolitan Area: 4,229,050
  • Varanasi Metropolitan Area: 3,812,496
  • Indore Metropolitan Area: 3,598,874
  • Nagpur Metropolitan Area: 3,399,891
  • Maharajganj Metropolitan Area: 2,840,919
  • Bhopal Metropolitan Area: 2,599,311
  • Chandigarh Metropolitan Area: 2,417,872
  • Coimbatore Metropolitan Area: 2,360,322
  • Vadodara Metropolitan Area: 2,269,390
  • Madurai Metropolitan Area: 2,184,066

Indonesia

In Indonesia, the government of Indonesia defines a metropolitan area as an urban agglomeration where its spatial planning is prioritised due to its highly important influence on the country. Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Semarang, Medan, Makassar, Palembang are important metropolitan area in the country. Currently, there are 10 metropolitan cities in Indonesia that have been recognized by the government. [32]

Urban population rate: 52% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Iran

Urban population rate: 76% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Tehran Metropolitan Area: 9,363,124
  • Mashhad Metropolitan Area: 5,377,005
  • Isfahan Metropolitan Area: 3'883,555
  • Karaj Metropolitan Area: 3,108,455
  • Tabriz Metropolitan Area: 2,700,367

Iraq

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Baghdad Metropolitan Area: 6,891,722
  • Basra Metropolitan Area: 2,131,556
  • Mosul Metropolitan Area: 1,678,253
  • Erbil Metropolitan Area: 1,514,144
  • Al Najaf Metropolitan Area: 1,361,936
  • Kirkuk Metropolitan Area: 1,238,662
  • Duhok Metropolitan Area: 1,142,889
  • Karbala Metropolitan Area: 1,078,646
  • Al Hillah Metropolitan Area: 1,030,978

Israel

Data are referred to 1949 Armistice boundaries, after 1948 Arab-Israeli War.

Urban population rate: 58% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area: 2,628,335
  • Jerusalem Metropolitan Area (both Israeli and Palestinian part): 1,022,929
  • Haifa Metropolitan Area: 449,588
  • Ashdod Metropolitan Area: 282,181
  • Be'er Sheva Metropolitan Area: 205,400

Japan

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Tokyo Conurbation (Tokyo + Kawasaki + Yokohama + Saitama + Chiba + Takasaki + Isezaki + Ota)34,835,218
Keihanshin Conurbation (Osaka + Kobe + Kyoto + Nara + Sakai + Himeji + Wakayama)15,165,176
Chukyo Conurbation (Nagoya + Gifu + Toyota + Okazaki + Yokkaichi)7,890,477
Fukuoka Metropolitan Area2,213,305
Sapporo Metropolitan Area1,931,424
Sendai Metropolitan Area1,269,675
Kitakyushu Metropolitan Area1,208,935
Hiroshima Metropolitan Area1,150,148
Okinawa Metropolitan Area (Naha + Okinawa)1,065,339
Okayama Metropolitan Area (Okayama + Kurashiki)847,111
Kumamoto Metropolitan Area624,648
Kanazawa Metropolitan Area527,097
Otsu Metropolitan Area514,884
Toyohashi Metropolitan Area500,228
Kagoshima Metropolitan Area453,833
Niigata Metropolitan Area437,871
Matsuyama Metropolitan Area421,736
Numazu Metropolitan Area374,197
Oita Metropolitan Area363,332
Kofu Metropolitan Area335,934
Fukuyama Metropolitan Area355,566
Utsunomiya Metropolitan Area337,161
Fujieda Metropolitan Area318,978
Takamatsu Metropolitan Area314,296
Nagasaki Metropolitan Area297,631
Asahikawa Metropolitan Area288,867
Mito Metropolitan Area (Mito + Hitachinaka)284,338
Hamamatsu Metropolitan Area267,033
Nagano Metropolitan Area264,480
Hakodate Metropolitan Area263,045
Miyazaki Metropolitan Area247,744
Tokushima Metropolitan Area242,829
Toyama Metropolitan Area239,820
Shizuoka Metropolitan Area233,904
Morioka Metropolitan Area217,880
Koriyama Metropolitan Area215,513
Kochi Metropolitan Area213,691
Akita Metropolitan Area211,383
Yamagata Metropolitan Area206,358
Tsuchiura Metropolitan Area195,325
Aomori Metropolitan Area179,937
Marugame Metropolitan Area171,220
Fukushima Metropolitan Area170,143
Fuji Metropolitan Area167,426
Kisarazu Metropolitan Area165,839
Sanda Metropolitan Area164,419
Hitachi Metropolitan Area162,932
Fukui Metropolitan Area161,762
Ube Metropolitan Area152,722
Takaoka Metropolitan Area144,427
Kushiro Metropolitan Area143,420
Obihiro Metropolitan Area140,962
Shūnan Metropolitan Area137,818
Niihama Metropolitan Area134,067
Kurume Metropolitan Area133,391
Matsumoto Metropolitan Area125,858
Hachinohe Metropolitan Area124,493
Omuta Metropolitan Area122,197
Tomakomai Metropolitan Area117,181
Beppu Metropolitan Area113,901
Hikone Metropolitan Area113,437
Yonago Metropolitan Area112,806
Sasebo Metropolitan Area104,105
Iwaki Metropolitan Area103,547
Hirosaki Metropolitan Area100,073
Muroran Metropolitan Area100,039

Jordan

Urban population rate: 83% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Amman Metropolitan Area: 6,425,246
  • Irbid Metropolitan Area: 704,577
  • Madaba Metropolitan Area: 104,759

Kazakhstan

Urban population rate: 66% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Almaty Metropolitan Area2,315,538
Shymkent Metropolitan Area1,239,663
Astana Metropolitan Area1,128,140
Aktobe Metropolitan Area420,695
Semey Metropolitan Area291,783
Aktau Metropolitan Area259,510
Kyzylorda Metropolitan Area237,992
Pavlodar Metropolitan Area235,889
Atyrau Metropolitan Area231,440
Turkestan Metropolitan Area215,873
Ural Metropolitan Area208,766
Ust-Kamenogorsk Metropolitan Area197,281
Taraz Metropolitan Area192,656
Karaganda Metropolitan Area191,772
Temirtau Metropolitan Area154,580
Petropavlosk Metropolitan Area153,560
Kostanay Metropolitan Area136,333
Taldikorgan Metropolitan Area131,397
Zhanaozen Metropolitan Area109,850
Kokshetav Metropolitan Area100,846

Kuwait

Urban population rate: 98% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Kyrgyzstan

Urban population rate: 42% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Bishkek Metropolitan Area: 1,428,079
  • Osh Metropolitan Area: 481,389

Laos

Urban population rate: 43% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Lebanon

Urban population rate: 90% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Beirut Metropolitan Area: 1,538,386

Malaysia + Singapore

Satellite view of Kuala Lumpur metropolitan area Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ESA23795482.jpeg
Satellite view of Kuala Lumpur metropolitan area

Urban population rate: 77% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Kuala Lumpur Metropolitan Area8,851,535
Singapore Metropolitan Area (including Johor Bahru)7,934,034
Georgetown Metropolitan Area (Georgetown + Kulim)1,513,764
Ipoh Metropolitan Area861,933
Kota Kinabalu Metropolitan Area810,843
Kuching Metropolitan Area587,986
Melaka Metropolitan Area544,035
Seremban Metropolitan Area390,884
Tawau Metropolitan Area354,494
Sandakan Metropolitan Area337,268
Kota Bharu Metropolitan Area326,948
Sungai Petani Metropolitan Area269,176
Kuantan Metropolitan Area217,879
Alor Star Metropolitan Area203,262
Taiping Metropolitan Area198,018
Miri Metropolitan Area187,443
Sibu Metropolitan Area185,385
Kuala Terengganu Metropolitan Area147,996
Lahad Datu Metropolitan Area133,110
Kluang Metropolitan Area109,597
Muar Metropolitan Area106,024
Bintulu Metropolitan Area101,436
Semporna Metropolitan Area101,230

Maldives

  • Malé Metropolitan Area: 229,283 (2024). [18]

Mongolia

Urban population rate: 69% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Myanmar

Urban population rate: 42% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Yangon Metropolitan Area: 6,190,958
  • Mandalay Metropolitan Area: 1,849,446

Nepal

Urban population rate: 25% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

North Korea

Boundaries are referred to the Third inter-Korean summit agreement (2018).

Urban population rate: 67% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Kaeseong Metropolitan Area280,963
Haeju Metropolitan Area263,992
Sariwon Metropolitan Area401,117
Songnim Metropolitan Area256,211
Nampo Metropolitan Area144,643
Kangseo Metropolitan Area260,531
Pyeongyang Metropolitan Area2,868,313
Wonsan Metropolitan Area370,729
Muncheon Metropolitan Area117,274
Pyeongseong Metropolitan Area300,843
Suncheon Metropolitan Area154,047
Sukcheon Metropolitan Area106,846
Anju Metropolitan Area256,943
Kaecheon Metropolitan Area164,966
Deokcheon Metropolitan Area152,025
Cheongju Metropolitan Area170,999
Seoncheon Metropolitan Area112,903
Kuseong Metropolitan Area108,791
Ryeongcheon Metropolitan Area125,259
Huicheon Metropolitan Area117,534
Kanggye Metropolitan Area314,915
Jeongpyeong Metropolitan Area108,488
Hamju Metropolitan Area105,812
Hamheung Metropolitan Area745,725
Hongwon Metropolitan Area116,941
Dancheon Metropolitan Area114,551
Kimchaek Metropolitan Area196,760
Gilju Metropolitan Area108,885
Musan Metropolitan Area106,601
Cheongjin Metropolitan Area683,870
Raseon Metropolitan Area106,938

Oman

Urban population rate: 78% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Pakistan

Pakistan has nine metropolitan areas with populations greater than a million. Five of these are entirely in Punjab including Lahore, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Multan; one (Islamabad-Rawalpindi is split between Punjab and the Islamabad Capital Territory; two are located in Sindh, including Karachi, the largest metropolitan area in the country, and Hyderabad; one in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Peshawar; and the final in Balochistan: Quetta.

Data are referred to 1972 Shimla Agreement borders, after 1971 Indo-Pakistani war.

Urban population rate: 39% (2015)

NamePopulationYearNotes
Karachi Metropolitan Area13,150,6942015
Lahore Metropolitan Area10,114,718
Rawalpindi Metropolitan Area (Rawalpindi + Islamabad)3,738,564
Faisalabad Metropolitan Area3,563,007
Gujranwala Metropolitan Area2,788,655
Peshawar Metropolitan Area2,764,734
Multan Metropolitan Area2,422,577
Sialkot Metropolitan Area1,885,761
Hyderabad Metropolitan Area1,835,126
Mingaora Metropolitan Area1,057,542
Mardan Metropolitan Area1,026,217
Abbottabad Metropolitan Area960,783
Quetta Metropolitan Area749,960
Sargodha Metropolitan Area657,394
Gujrat Metropolitan Area622,644
Wah Metropolitan Area521,616
Bannu Metropolitan Area494,277
Haripur Metropolitan Area474,638
Larkana Metropolitan Area466,569
Mansehra Metropolitan Area465,955
Shahkot Metropolitan Area460,340
Charsadda Metropolitan Area421,797
Sukkur Metropolitan Area419,044
Bahawalpur Metropolitan Area412,812
Jehangira Metropolitan Area392,541
Dera Ghazi Khan Metropolitan Area386,996
Chakwal Metropolitan Area380,689
Okara Metropolitan Area377,333
Nowshera Metropolitan Area376,682
Kasur Metropolitan Area368,064
Shakargarh Metropolitan Area366,175
Swabi Metropolitan Area350,349
Kohat Metropolitan Area349,873
Jhelum Metropolitan Area335,764
Muridike Metropolitan Area332,238
Sahiwal Metropolitan Area331,522
Muzaffarabad Metropolitan Area329,099
Hazro Metropolitan Area325,085
Chakdarra Metropolitan Area312,554
Shabqadar Metropolitan Area306,185
Jhang Sada Metropolitan Area303,289
Jacobabad Metropolitan Area301,179
Narowal Metropolitan Area279,768
Rahim Yar Khan Metropolitan Area274,839
Takhat Bhai Metropolitan Area270,145
Tangi Metropolitan Area254,085
Hafizabad Metropolitan Area252,160
Muzaffargarh Metropolitan Area245,691
Mandi Bahauddin Metropolitan Area240,604
Wazirabad Metropolitan Area232,325
Qila Khudabadan Metropolitan Area221,239
Shikarpur Metropolitan Area221,057
Mandi Metropolitan Area209,396
Jampur Metropolitan Area208,805
Pattoki Metropolitan Area208,708
Kharian Metropolitan Area191,229
Chunian Metropolitan Area178,925
Tando Muhammad Khan Metropolitan Area173,445
Lala Mosa Metropolitan Area171,681
Khairpur Metropolitan Area167,568
Khandhkot Metropolitan Area167,179
Charman Metropolitan Area165,834
Zangun Metropolitan Area164,498
Dadu Metropolitan Area162,534
Sherpur Metropolitan Area160,249
Sadiqabad Metropolitan Area158,903
Bhara Khao Metropolitan Area155,834
Pakpattan Metropolitan Area155,767
Ghotki Metropolitan Area154,294
Fatehjang Metropolitan Area153,965
Burewala Metropolitan Area151,529
Pindi Gheb Metropolitan Area147,718
Bat Khela Metropolitan Area147,435
Chiniot Metropolitan Area146,702
Chuchar Metropolitan Area143,388
Pasrur Metropolitan Area142,975
Usta Muhammad Metropolitan Area137,181
Khanewal Metropolitan Area135,503
Gojra Metropolitan Area134,727
Shaikh Jana Metropolitan Area131,956
Thul Metropolitan Area130,017
Kahuta Metropolitan Area129,479
Gali Bagh Metropolitan Area126,721
Shujaabad Metropolitan Area125,952
Topi Metropolitan Area123,669
Daroli Metropolitan Area116,619
Attock Metropolitan Area113,767
Sangla Metropolitan Area112,475
Mithankot Metropolitan Area111,038
Thatta Metropolitan Area110,185
Jambar Kalan Metropolitan Area109,682
Dera Ismail Khan Metropolitan Area109,448
Kabirwala Metropolitan Area108,910
Lodhran Metropolitan Area108,590
Moro Metropolitan Area108,243
Havelian Metropolitan Area106,307
Shal Bandai Metropolitan Area106,132
Mehar Metropolitan Area106,034
Arifwala Metropolitan Area105,263
Khanpur Metropolitan Area104,403
Alipur Metropolitan Area101,977
Khot Kakka Shah Metropolitan Area100,884

Palestine

Data are referred to 1949 Armistice boundaries, after 1948 Arab-Israeli War.

Urban population rate: 78% (2023). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2023, [18] before the Israeli Army invasion.

Philippines

The Philippines currently has three metropolitan areas defined by the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA). These metropolitan areas are separated into three main geographical areas; Metro Manila (which is located in Luzon), Metro Cebu (which is located in Visayas), Metro Davao (which is located in Mindanao), and Greater Manila Area (which is the largest metropolitan area of Manila). The official definition of each area does not necessarily follow the actual extent of continuous urbanization. For example, the built-up area of Metro Manila has long spilled out of its officially defined borders into the adjacent provinces of Bulacan, Rizal, Laguna, and Cavite known as Greater Manila Area. The number of metropolitan areas in the Philippines was reduced from 13 in 2007 to the current three based from the 2017–2022 Philippine Development Plan by NEDA. The other 10 metropolitan areas were Metro Angeles, Metro Bacolod, Metro Baguio, Metro Batangas, Metro Cagayan de Oro, Metro Dagupan, Metro Iloilo–Guimaras, Metro Butuan, Metro Naga, and Metro Olongapo.

Urban population rate: 59% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Manila Metropolitan Area (Manila + Angeles + Lipa + Batangas)30,565,371
Cebu Metropolitan Area3,191,585
Davao Metropolitan Area1,651,086
Dagupan Metropolitan Area973,316
Cagayan de Oro Metropolitan Area950,102
Bacolod Metropolitan Area690,717
Zamboanga Metropolitan Area498,587
Iloilo Metropolitan Area489,034
General Santos Metropolitan Area452,060
Baguio Metropolitan Area451,844
Batangas Metropolitan Area326,496
Naga Metropolitan Area291,374
Iligan Metropolitan Area279,731
Cotabato Metropolitan Area274,670
Tagum Metropolitan Area252,700
Tacloban Metropolitan Area244,458
Lipa Metropolitan Area235,919
Legaspi Metropolitan Area221,694
Marawi Metropolitan Area207,205
Cabanatuan Metropolitan Area198,568
Butuan Metropolitan Area185,655
Olongapo Metropolitan Area182,832
Tarlac Metropolitan Area181,691
San Pablo Metropolitan Area174,317
San Pedro Metropolitan Area172,148
Dumaguete Metropolitan Area166,127
Guagua Metropolitan Area160,448
Puerto Princesa Metropolitan Area156,713
Pagadian Metropolitan Area145,146
San Fernando Metropolitan Area134,798
Malolos Metropolitan Area123,101
Tuguegarao Metropolitan Area122,965
Tagbilaran Metropolitan Area120,097
Ozamis Metropolitan Area117,388
Roxas Metropolitan Area108,370
Dipolog Metropolitan Area108,335
Balanga Metropolitan Area108,162
Gapan Metropolitan Area103,963

Qatar

Urban population rate: 46% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Doha Metropolitan Area: 2,076,720

Saudi Arabia

Urban population rate: 86% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Riyadh Metropolitan Area: 7,970,319
  • Jeddah Metropolitan Area: 4,842,257
  • Dammam Metropolitan Area: 2,634,829
  • Mecca Metropolitan Area: 1,876,451
  • Medina Metropolitan Area: 1,565,146

South Korea

Boundaries are referred to the Third inter-Korean summit agreement (2018).

Urban population rate: 86% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Sudokwon Conurbation (Seoul + Incheon + nearby cities in Gyeonggi Province)23,366,117
South Gyeongsang Conurbation (Busan + Gimhae + Yangsan + Changwon)4,494,463
Daegu Metropolitan Area2,300,085
Daejeon Metropolitan Area1,504,229
Gwangju Metropolitan Area1,428,492
Ulsan Metropolitan Area941,217
Jeonju Metropolitan Area (Jeonju + Iksan)786,341
Cheongju Metropolitan Area691,161
Cheonan Metropolitan Area (Cheonan + Asan)504,349
Pohang Metropolitan Area373,323
Gumi Metropolitan Area286,529
Suncheon Metropolitan Area (Suncheon + Gwangyang + Yeosu)265,434
Jinju Metropolitan Area238,454
Chuncheon Metropolitan Area229,165
Mokpo Metropolitan Area228,462
Wonju Metropolitan Area218,041
Gunsan Metropolitan Area177,647
Gangneung Metropolitan Area118,784

Sri Lanka

Urban population rate: 20% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Colombo Metropolitan Area: 4,881,182
  • Kandy Metropolitan Area: 850,450
  • Matara Metropolitan Area: 225,584
  • Jaffna Metropolitan Area: 214,344
  • Galle Metropolitan Area: 197,578
  • Kalmunai Metropolitan Area: 134,013
  • Batticaloa Metropolitan Area: 125,685

Syria

Urban population rate: 63% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Taiwan

Boundaries are referred to the territories administrated by the Republic of China, after Cross-Strait Act (1992).

Urban population rate: 80% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Northern Conurbation (Taipei + Taoyuan + Zhubei + Hsinshu + Toufen)10,687,535
Southern Conurbation (Tainan + Kaohsiung + Pingtung)3,595,567
Central Conurbation (Taichung + Changhua + Nantou + Yunlin)3,447,544
Chiayi Metropolitan Area460,979
Hualien Metropolitan Area137,533

Tajikistan

Urban population rate: 34% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Thailand

Urban population rate: 42% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Krung Thep Conurbation (Bangkok and nearby cities)19,378,454
Phuket Metropolitan Area742,871
Chiang Mai Metropolitan Area692,242
Hat Yai Metropolitan Area436,777
Chonburi Metropolitan Area263,106
Pattaya Metropolitan Area253,538
Nakhon Pathom Metropolitan Area185,771
Si Racha Metropolitan Area168,554
Phitsanulok Metropolitan Area165,001
Songkhla Metropolitan Area162,380
Nakhon Ratchasima Metropolitan Area159,579
Khonkaen Metropolitan Area154,057
Surat Thani Metropolitan Area150,127
Udon Thani Metropolitan Area149,983
Nakhon Si Thammarat Metropolitan Area146,307
Rayong Metropolitan Area138,423
Lopburi Metropolitan Area128,924
Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Metropolitan Area126,849
Ubon Ratchathani Metropolitan Area126,488
Ranong Metropolitan Area118,553
Yala Metropolitan Area111,221
Ban Chang Metropolitan Area110,390
Kanchanaburi Metropolitan Area102,628

Timor Leste

Urban population rate: 36% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Dili Metropolitan Area: 381,794

Turkey

The word metropolitan describes the central municipality governing local services in a province with more than 750.000 residents in Turkey, like Istanbul and its metropolitan municipality, the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. There are 30 officially defined "metropolitan municipalities" in Turkey. [33] This classification, however, is only used for administrative purposes, and sometimes contradicts the colloquial use of the term "metro area". As an example, Gebze, a district in Kocaeli province and thus in the jurisdiction of the Kocaeli Metropolitan Municipality, is arguably within the metro area of Istanbul with many of its residents commuting to Istanbul for work and the Marmaray, a commuter rail line, extending into the district. The district however, as previously mentioned, is not a part of Istanbul's provincial limits, and thus not subject to the jurisdiction of its metropolitan municipality. The word metropolitan (municipality) is generally only used as an administrative distinction in Turkey.

Urban population rate: 73% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Istanbul Metropolitan Area14,210,222
Ankara Metropolitan Area5,402,165
Izmir Metropolitan Area2,457,529
Bursa Metropolitan Area2,366,448
Gaziantep Metropolitan Area1,681,270
Antalya Metropolitan Area1,372,672
Konya Metropolitan Area1,017,329
Mersin Metropolitan Area800,548
Izmit Metropolitan Area784,331
Kayseri Metropolitan Area772,654
Adana Metropolitan Area737,574
Samsun Metropolitan Area559,413
Denizli Metropolitan Area537,507
Diyarbakir Metropolitan Area536,794
Eskisehir Metropolitan Area528,380
Kahramanmaras Metropolitan Area464,945
Van Metropolitan Area451,519
Malatya Metropolitan Area447,745
Sanliurfa Metropolitan Area431,505
Antakya Metropolitan Area397,544
Trabzon Metropolitan Area364,103
Batman Metropolitan Area363,642
Elazig Metropolitan Area324,305
Sivas Metropolitan Area303,202
Sakarya Metropolitan Area269,660
Manisa Metropolitan Area294,069
Iskenderun Metropolitan Area256,743
Cerkezkoy Metropolitan Area242,264
Isparta Metropolitan Area234,121
Osmaniye Metropolitan Area225,567
Aydin Metropolitan Area210,247
Adiyaman Metropolitan Area203,680
Yenice Metropolitan Area181,480
Corum Metropolitan Area181,012
Ordu Metropolitan Area180,011
Siverek Metropolitan Area160,312
Tarsus Metropolitan Area159,692
Zonguldak Metropolitan Area158,521
Inegol Metropolitan Area155,697
Giresun Metropolitan Area147,434
Usak Metropolitan Area141,288
Duzce Metropolitan Area139,560
Yumurtalik Metropolitan Area139,104
Siirt Metropolitan Area136,101
Tokat Metropolitan Area134,631
Karabuk Metropolitan Area130,402
Kutahya Metropolitan Area129,641
Erzurum Metropolitan Area129,246
Karaman Metropolitan Area127,506
Aksaray Metropolitan Area126,210
Turgutlu Metropolitan Area125,953
Rize Metropolitan Area123,482
Agri Metropolitan Area121,725
Yalova Metropolitan Area120,828
Afyonkarahisar Metropolitan Area120,660
Fethiye Metropolitan Area117,452
Keskin Metropolitan Area114,207
Viransehir Metropolitan Area113,091
Kadirli Metropolitan Area111,158
Silopi Metropolitan Area105,037
Eregli Metropolitan Area104,760
Cizre Metropolitan Area104,061
Ceyhan Metropolitan Area103,840
Elbistan Metropolitan Area100,020

Turkmenistan

Urban population rate: 57% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

United Arab Emirates

Dubai-Sharjah-Ajman (DSA) is a metropolitan area in the United Arab Emirates. It consists of the combined, greater urban areas of Dubai, Ajman, and Sharjah. The urban areas at the northeast end of Dubai flow into those of Sharjah, which in turn are contiguous with those of Ajman. The total population is about 5.9 million people as of 2023 [34] [35] [36]

Urban population rate: 87% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Uzbekistan

Urban population rate: 44% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Tashkent Metropolitan Area3,874,653
Namangan Metropolitan Area927,908
Samarqand Metropolitan Area892,554
Andijon Metropolitan Area792,858
Fargona Metropolitan Area759,423
Qarshi Metropolitan Area512,027
Jizzax Metropolitan Area357,127
Shahrisabz Metropolitan Area334,628
Qoqon Metropolitan Area303,759
Nokis Metropolitan Area288,240
Tortkul Metropolitan Area252,614
Termiz Metropolitan Area242,044
Urganch Metropolitan Area215,566
Kattaqorgon Metropolitan Area153,433
Denov Metropolitan Area146,220
Buxoro Metropolitan Area137,440
Xiva Metropolitan Area136,679
Oltiariq Metropolitan Area120,162
Kosonsoy Metropolitan Area115,631
Quva Metropolitan Area113,493
Gijduvon Metropolitan Area110,910
Navoiy Metropolitan Area110,554
Ibrat Metropolitan Area101,566
Asaka Metropolitan Area101,170
Shahrixon Metropolitan Area100,375

Vietnam

Urban population rate: 38% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Ho Chi Minh (Sai Gon) Metropolitan Area15,430,069
Ha Noi Metropolitan Area7,265,805
Can Tho Metropolitan Area1,652,649
Da Nang Metropolitan Area1,265,560
Hai Phong Metropolitan Area1,003,753
My Tho Metropolitan Area461,520
Long Xuyen Metropolitan Area550,869
Vinh Long Metropolitan Area484,198
Vung Tau Metropolitan Area476,737
Nha Trang Metropolitan Area443,626
Tay Ninh Metropolitan Area436,732
Hue Metropolitan Area383,941
Thai Nguyen Metropolitan Area363,000
Vinh Metropolitan Area349,192
Thanh Hoa Metropolitan Area343,001
Quang Ngai Metropolitan Area340,820
Buon Ma Thuot Metropolitan Area316,655
Nam Dinh Metropolitan Area292,782
Qui Nhon Metropolitan Area282,795
Rach Gia Metropolitan Area276,783
Thai Binh Metropolitan Area268,330
Phan Thiet Metropolitan Area243,919
Play Cu Metropolitan Area199,908
Bac Lieu Metropolitan Area199,141
Phan Rang Metropolitan Area198,679
Da Lat Metropolitan Area195,370
Ca Mau Metropolitan Area193,377
Ha Long Metropolitan Area178,597
Lac Thanh Metropolitan Area177,136
Cao Lanh Metropolitan Area173,133
Cai Lay Metropolitan Area172,776
Tra Vinh Metropolitan Area159,016
Tuy Hoa Metropolitan Area158,744
Binh Phuoc Metropolitan Area155,011
Cao Mat Metropolitan Area149,729
Kon Tum Metropolitan Area144,425
Son Tay (Ha Noi) Metropolitan Area139,803
Vinh Yen Metropolitan Area139,418
Soc Trang Metropolitan Area133,858
Viet Tri Metropolitan Area129,341
Long Le Metropolitan Area125,920
Mong Cai Metropolitan Area (Mong Cai + Dongxing)125,104
Cam Pha Metropolitan Area122,988
Ninh Binh Metropolitan Area122,236
Cai Be Metropolitan Area120,234
Tuyen Quang Metropolitan Area114,216
Phu Ly Metropolitan Area112,705
Tien Thanh Metropolitan Area112,508
Tân Phú Metropolitan Area111,991
Lang Son Metropolitan Area110,770
Ho Kou Metropolitan Area (Ho Kou + Hekou)105,453
Xuan Loc Metropolitan Area103,836
Gia Rai Metropolitan Area102,299
Yen Bai Metropolitan Area102,149
Tam Ky Metropolitan Area100,935
Vinh Tuy Metropolitan Area100,364

Central America and Caribbeans

Bahamas

Urban population rate: 87% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Barbados

Urban population rate: 53% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Costa Rica

Urban population rate: 70% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Cuba

Urban population rate: 80% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Havana Metropolitan Area: 1,632,772

Dominican Republic

Urban population rate: 75% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

El Salvador

Urban population rate: 70% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Guatemala

Urban population rate: 57% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Haiti

Urban population rate: 63% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Honduras

Urban population rate: 59% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Jamaica

Urban population rate: 60% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Nicaragua

Urban population rate: 64% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Managua Conurbation: 1,690,329
  • Leon Metropolitan Area: 155,985
  • Matagalpa Metropolitan Area: 134,380
  • Esteli Metropolitan Area: 113,538
  • Bilwi Metropolitan Area: 107,012
  • Chinandega Metropolitan Area: 104,366

Panama

Urban population rate: 80% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Trinidad and Tobago

Urban population rate: 19% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Europe

Map of metropolitan regions by Eurostat in 2021. Metro-Regions-2021.png
Map of metropolitan regions by Eurostat in 2021.

The European Union's statistical agency Eurostat, in partnership with OECD, has created a concept named functional urban area (FUA). The FUA represents an attempt at a harmonised definition of the metropolitan area, and the goal was to have an area from which a significant share of the residents commute into the city. [37] The FUA consists of a city and its commuting zone, [38] which is a contiguous area of spatial units that have at least 15% of their employed residents working in the city. [39]

A further, derived concept is the typology of metropolitan regions. A NUTS 3 region (or a group thereof) is considered to be metropolitan, if at least 50% of its residents live inside a FUA with a population of 250,000 or more. NUTS 3 regions not meeting these criteria are considered to be non-metropolitan regions. [40]

Albania

Urban population rate: 61% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Tirane Metropolitan Area: 995,789
  • Durrës Metropolitan Area: 131,865

Austria

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Vienna Metropolitan Area: 2,056,565
  • Graz Metropolitan Area: 306,742
  • Linz Metropolitan Area: 243,243
  • Innsbruck Metropolitan Area: 144,226
  • Salzburg Metropolitan Area: 143,452

Belarus

Urban population rate: 79% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Minsk Metropolitan Area2,093,512
Gomel Metropolitan Area571,257
Vitebsk Metropolitan Area382,195
Mogilev Metropolitan Area334,165
Brest Metropolitan Area (Brest + Terespol)326,182
Grodno Metropolitan Area309,064
Bobruisk Metropolitan Area197,539
Baranavici Metropolitan Area162,854
Pinsk Metropolitan Area132,029
Borisov Metropolitan Area112,218

Belgium

Urban population rate: 98% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Bruxelles Metropolitan Area: 1,468,754
  • Antwerp Metropolitan Area: 767,652
  • Liege Metropolitan Area: 373,662
  • Gent Metropolitan Area: 250,379
  • Charleroi Metropolitan Area: 222,465

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Urban population rate: 56% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Bulgaria

Urban population rate: 76% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Sofia Metropolitan Area: 1,068,057
  • Plovdiv Metropolitan Area: 331,578
  • Varna Metropolitan Area: 286,140
  • Burgas Metropolitan Area: 102,154

Croatia

Urban population rate: 65% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Zagreb Metropolitan Area: 643,962
  • Split Metropolitan Area: 215,968
  • Rijeka Metropolitan Area: 115,636

Czechia

Urban population rate: 78% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Prague Metropolitan Area: 1,201,278
  • Brno Metropolitan Area: 313,582
  • Ostrava Metropolitan Area: 150,766
  • Plzen Metropolitan Area: 146,255

Denmark

Urban population rate: 89% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Estonia

Urban population rate: 74% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Tallinn Metropolitan Area: 449,861

Finland

Urban population rate: 88% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Helsinki Metropolitan Area (Helsinki + Espoo): 1,001,125
  • Tampere Metropolitan Area: 153,567
  • Turku Metropolitan Area: 104,248

France

France's national statistics office, INSEE, names an urban core and its surrounding area of commuter influence an aire d'attraction d'une ville   [ fr ] (AAV, literally meaning "catchment area of a city"), plural: aires d'attraction des villes. [41] The official translation of this statistical area in English (as used by INSEE) is "functional area". [42] The AAV follows the same definition as the Functional Urban Area (FUA) used by Eurostat and the OECD, and the AAVs are thus strictly comparable to the FUAs. [42]

The AAV replaced in 2020 the metropolitan statistical area called aire urbaine (AU). [41] The AU, which was defined differently than the AAV, has now been discarded by INSEE and replaced with the AAV in order to facilitate international comparisons. [42]

Urban population rate: 88% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Ile-de-France Conurbation10,242,434
Lyon Metropolitan Area1,194,741
Marseille Metropolitan Area911,934
Lille Metropolitan Area (Lille + Mouscron)907,123
Toulouse Metropolitan Area712,882
Bordeaux Metropolitan Area642,756
Cote-d'Azur Conurbation (Nice + Cannes)606,433
Nantes Metropolitan Area472,262
Strasbourg Metropolitan Area (Strasbourg + Kehl)419,245
Toulon Metropolitan Area368,851
Grenoble Metropolitan Area338,199
Rouen Metropolitan Area320,960
Montpellier Metropolitan Area293,865
Rennes Metropolitan Area227,572
Nancy Metropolitan Area213,797
Tours Metropolitan Area211,591
Dijon Metropolitan Area208,040
Cambrin Metropolitan Area207,779
Clermont-Ferrand Metropolitan Area191,311
Saint Denis Metropolitan Area (Reunion)189,854
Reims Metropolitan Area189,743
Mulhouse Metropolitan Area189,297
Le Havre Metropolitan Area187,643
Orleans Metropolitan Area179,869
Angers Metropolitan Area176,839
Saint-Etienne Metropolitan Area172,766
Caen Metropolitan Area164,788
Noumea Metropolitan Area (New Caleidonia)153,190
Metz Metropolitan Area151,221
Le Mans Metropolitan Area147,383
Brest Metropolitan Area142,527
Amiens Metropolitan Area136,532
Limoges Metropolitan Area129,255
Dunkerque Metropolitan Area127,529
Mamoudzou Metropolitan Area (Mayotte)127,511
Perpignan Metropolitan Area115,845
Pau Metropolitan Area112,672
Troyes Metropolitan Area109,941
Papeete Metropolitan Area (French Polynesia)109,747
Besançon Metropolitan Area108,712
Le Port Metropolitan Area (Reunion)105,572
Annecy Metropolitan Area102,728
Nîmes Metropolitan Area101,743
Valenciennes Metropolitan Area101,583

Germany

Metropolitan regions in Germany by definition, are the eleven urban areas that are the most densely populated areas in the Federal Republic of Germany. They comprise the major German cities and their surrounding catchment areas and form the political, commercial and cultural centers of the country. For urban centers outside metropolitan areas, that generate a similar attraction at smaller scale for their region, the concept of the Regiopolis and respectively regiopolitan area or region was introduced by German professors in 2006.

Urban population rate: 79% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Ruhr Conurbation (Bonn + Koln + Düsseldorf + Wuppertal + Dortmund + Hagen)7,822,542
Berlin Conurbation3,775,954
Hamburg Metropolitan Area1,841,656
Munich Metropolitan Area1,827,704
Frankfurt am Main Conurbation1,505,111
Stuttgart Conurbation1,117,893
Nurnberg Metropolitan Area759,135
Hannover Metropolitan Area663,997
Leipzig Metropolitan Area585,335
Dresden Metropolitan Area566,233
Bremen Metropolitan Area559,521
Mannheim Metropolitan Area456,549
Augsburg Metropolitan Area312,094
Karlsruhe Metropolitan Area286,982
Aachen Metropolitan Area (Aachen + Kerkrade)226,264
Kassel Metropolitan Area222,869
Bielefeld Metropolitan Area214,193
Kiel Metropolitan Area209,786
Munster Metropolitan Area207,455
Heidelberg Metropolitan Area196,429
Magdeburg Metropolitan Area193,706
Halle Metropolitan Area185,076
Braunschweig Metropolitan Area180,612
Freiburg im Breisgau Metropolitan Area179,912
Rostock Metropolitan Area168,453
Chemnitz Metropolitan Area168,021
Lubeck Metropolitan Area150,413
Saarbrücken Metropolitan Area146,109
Oldenburg Metropolitan Area144,961
Erfurt Metropolitan Area141,749
Koblenz Metropolitan Area138,095
Regensburg Metropolitan Area133,794
Wurzburg Metropolitan Area121,062
Heilbronn Metropolitan Area121,015
Bremerhaven Metropolitan Area116,975
Darmstadt Metropolitan Area116,051
Osnabruck Metropolitan Area105,944
Ulm Metropolitan Area103,439

Greece

Urban population rate: 68% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Hungary

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Budapest Metropolitan Area: 1,743,875
  • Debrecen Metropolitan Area: 139,471
  • Pecs Metropolitan Area: 123,329
  • Szeged Metropolitan Area: 122,060
  • Miskolc Metropolitan Area: 115,425

Iceland

Urban population rate: 73% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Ireland

Urban population rate: 69% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Dublin Metropolitan Area: 2,082,605
  • Cork Metropolitan Area: 137,272

Italy

In 2001 Italy transformed 14 provinces of some of the country's largest cities into Metropolitan Cities . Therefore, the territory of the Metropolitan City corresponds to that of a standard Italian province.

Urban population rate: 73% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Milano conurbation (Milano + Monza and nearby cities)3,579,039
Napoli conurbation (Napoli + Caserta + Salerno and nearby cities)3,415,763
Roma conurbation 2,799,884
Torino conurbation 1,243,448
Palermo conurbation 720,937
Firenze conurbation (Firenze + Prato + Pistoia and nearby cities)711,105
Catania Metropolitan Area529,493
Genova Metropolitan Area523,194
Bologna Metropolitan Area456,780
Bergamo Metropolitan Area448,364
Bari Metropolitan Area311,280
Cagliari Metropolitan Area257,468
Padova Metropolitan Area244,498
Brescia Metropolitan Area243,287
Venezia Metropolitan Area222,475
Verona Metropolitan Area216,582
Pescara Metropolitan Area212,590
Messina Metropolitan Area178,836
Trieste Metropolitan Area178,655
Modena Metropolitan Area155,015
Como Metropolitan Area151,878
Livorno Metropolitan Area149,983
Parma Metropolitan Area148,518
Taranto Metropolitan Area136,105
Reggio Calabria Metropolitan Area128,270
Foggia Metropolitan Area126,645
Rimini Metropolitan Area126,273
Vicenza Metropolitan Area121,637
Reggio Emilia Metropolitan Area119,756
Bolzano Metropolitan Area107,197
Massa Metropolitan Area101,572
Udine Metropolitan Area101,454

Kosovo

Urban population rate: 42% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Latvia

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Riga Metropolitan Area: 516,897

Lithuania

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Vilnius Metropolitan Area: 339,420
  • Kaunas Metropolitan Area: 236,910
  • Klaipeda Metropolitan Area: 103,210

Luxembourg

Urban population rate: 88% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Malta

Urban population rate: 89% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Moldova

Urban population rate: 55% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Montenegro

Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Netherlands

Urban population rate: 86% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Rotterdam Conurbation (Rotterdam + Delft + Den Haag + Zoetermeer)2,173,754
Amsterdam Conurbation1,223,407
Utrecht Metropolitan Area519,237
Eindhoven Metropolitan Area293,438
Leiden Metropolitan Area268,631
Dordrecht Metropolitan Area252,512
Haarlem Metropolitan Area207,592
Tilburg Metropolitan Area206,798
Arnhem Metropolitan Area194,293
Nijmegen Metropolitan Area190,473
Amersfoort Metropolitan Area186,756
Almere Metropolitan Area185,506
Breda Metropolitan Area177,734
Alkmaar Metropolitan Area171,003
Groningen Metropolitan Area167,782
Willemstad (Curacao) Metropolitan Area162,059
Heerlen Metropolitan Area160,135
's-Hertongenbosch Metropolitan Area144,486
Apeldoorn Metropolitan Area133,570
Enschede Metropolitan Area129,372
Maastricht Metropolitan Area124,921
Zwolle Metropolitan Area120,061

North Macedonia

Urban population rate: 67% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Skopje Metropolitan Area: 402,733

Norway

Urban population rate: 84% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Oslo Metropolitan Area: 889,573
  • Stavanger Metropolitan Area: 205,533
  • Bergen Metropolitan Area: 148,237
  • Trondheim Metropolitan Area: 142,104

Poland

Urban population rate: 68% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Warsaw Metropolitan Area1,999,986
Katowice conurbation 1,408,364
Krakow Metropolitan Area723,413
Gdansk Metropolitan Area615,013
Lodz Metropolitan Area582,587
Wroclaw Metropolitan Area531,845
Poznań Metropolitan Area531,736
Lublin Metropolitan Area320,313
Bialystok Metropolitan Area289,226
Szczecin Metropolitan Area269,836
Walbrzych Metropolitan Area182,732
Rzeszow Metropolitan Area180,696
Bielsko-Biala Metropolitan Area136,717

Portugal

Urban population rate: 68% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Lisbon Metropolitan Area: 2,443,987
  • Porto Metropolitan Area: 1,060,250
  • Funchal Metropolitan Area: 135,362

Romania

Urban population rate: 65% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Bucharest Metropolitan Area1,971,350
Cluj-Napoca Metropolitan Area321,095
Iasi Metropolitan Area304,851
Timisoara Metropolitan Area288,523
Constanta Metropolitan Area273,012
Craiova Metropolitan Area260,150
Galati Metropolitan Area232,217
Brasov Metropolitan Area230,438
Ploiesti Metropolitan Area187,350
Oradea Metropolitan Area156,341
Giurgiu Metropolitan Area141,675
Braila Metropolitan Area138,888
Pitesti Metropolitan Area132,100
Targu-Mures Metropolitan Area118,255
Sibiu Metropolitan Area117,695
Bacau Metropolitan Area117,407
Arad Metropolitan Area112,052
Oltenita Metropolitan Area108,928

Russia

Urban population rate: 78% (2024). [43] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [44]

  • Moskva Metropolitan Area: 14,384,082

Serbia

Urban population rate: 63% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Beograd Metropolitan Area: 1,200,547
  • Novi Sad Metropolitan Area: 286,753
  • Nis Metropolitan Area: 219,095
  • Kragujevac Metropolitan Area: 140,856

Slovakia

Urban population rate: 62% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Slovenia

Urban population rate: 57% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Spain

Urban population rate: 82% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Madrid conurbation 5,680,137
Barcelona conurbation 3,908,362
Valencia Metropolitan Area1,404,208
Bilbao Metropolitan Area729,222
Sevilla Metropolitan Area696,193
Zaragoza Metropolitan Area624,271
Málaga Metropolitan Area522,827
Palma de Mallorca Metropolitan Area467,468
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Metropolitan Area378,494
Granada Metropolitan Area362,800
Murcia Metropolitan Area341,431
Alicante Metropolitan Area331,089
Santa Cruz de Tenerife Metropolitan Area324,645
Pamplona Metropolitan Area296,609
Valladolid Metropolitan Area290,636
Vigo Metropolitan Area265,407
A Coruña Metropolitan Area249,861
Gijón Metropolitan Area229,261
Algeciras Metropolitan Area215,007
San Sebastián Metropolitan Area214,645
Santander Metropolitan Area206,816
Vitoria Metropolitan Area203,909
Alcalá de Henares Metropolitan Area184,497
Oviedo Metropolitan Area170,846
Almería Metropolitan Area169,121
Castellón de la Plana Metropolitan Area158,875
Salamanca Metropolitan Area143,857
Logroño Metropolitan Area142,370
Ceuta Metropolitan Area137,945
Girona Metropolitan Area132,100
Tarragona Metropolitan Area131,944
Jerez de la Frontera Metropolitan Area130,424
Cádiz Metropolitan Area130,037
Melilla Metropolitan Area126,133
Mataró Metropolitan Area123,418
Marbella Metropolitan Area119,627
Burgos Metropolitan Area117,187
Huelva Metropolitan Area113,533
Torrevieja Metropolitan Area105,360

Sweden

The list of metropolitan areas in Sweden is collated based on statistics of commuting between central municipalities and surrounding municipalities and taking into account existing planning cooperation in the country's three geographic regions. [45] They were defined around 1965. In 2005, a number of further municipalities were added to the defined areas.

Urban population rate: 88% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Switzerland

Urban population rate: 77% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Ukraine

Boundaries are referred to the Treaty on the Russian–Ukrainian border signed in 2003.

Urban population rate: 73% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
Kyiv Metropolitan Area2,575,199
Kharkiv Metropolitan Area1,284,380
Odesa Metropolitan Area977,813
Dnipro Metropolitan Area761,540
Donetsk Metropolitan Area690,522
Zaporizhzhia Metropolitan Area624,951
Lviv Metropolitan Area604,320
Krivyy Rih Metropolitan Area471,275
Mikolaiv Metropolitan Area412,070
Vinnitsa Metropolitan Area383,836
Mariupol Metropolitan Area363,415
Luhansk Metropolitan Area342,311
Simferopol Metropolitan Area338,634
Chernihiv Metropolitan Area278,668
Cherkasy Metropolitan Area278,510
Poltava Metropolitan Area275,189
Khmelnitskyy Metropolitan Area259,104
Kherson Metropolitan Area246,357
Zhytomir Metropolitan Area242,883
Chernivtsi Metropolitan Area240,725
Ivano-Frankivsk Metropolitan Area237,552
Rivne Metropolitan Area228,212
Kropivnitskyy Metropolitan Area225,913
Kamianske Metropolitan Area223,589
Lutsk Metropolitan Area218,316
Sumy Metropolitan Area214,376
Kremenchuk Metropolitan Area213,125
Bialitserkva Metropolitan Area207,328
Horlivka Metropolitan Area195,806
Sevastopol Metropolitan Area189,598
Ternopil Metropolitan Area187,740
Melitopol Metropolitan Area166,662
Kramatorsk Metropolitan Area150,246
Alchevsk Metropolitan Area139,091
Nikopol Metropolitan Area132,379
Sloviansk Metropolitan Area132,301
Uzhhorod Metropolitan Area124,809

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom's Office for National Statistics defines "travel to work areas" as areas where "at least 75% of an area's resident workforce work in the area and at least 75% of the people who work in the area also live in the area". [46] The European Union's ESPON group has compiled a separate list of metropolitan areas which covers the UK. Industrial and housing growth in the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries produced many conurbations. Greater London is by far the largest urban area and is usually counted as a conurbation in statistical terms, but differs from the others in the degree to which it is focused on a single central area. In the mid-1950s the Green Belt was introduced to stem the further urbanisation of the countryside in South East England. The list below shows the most populous urban areas in the UK as defined by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). Different organisations define conurbations in the UK differently for example, the Liverpool–Manchester or the Manchester–Liverpool conurbation is defined as one conurbation by AESOP in a comparison report published by the University of Manchester in 2005 found here. The Liverpool–Manchester Conurbation has a population of 5.68 million.

Urban population rate: 89% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

NamePopulation
London Conurbation 11,360,327
Manchester-Liverpool Conurbation4,876,538
Birmingham Conurbation2,617,211
Leeds Conurbation1,776,717
Glasgow Conurbation1,360,653
Sheffield Conurbation1,071,442
Newcastle upon Tyne Conurbation1,037,509
Bristol Metropolitan Area680,809
Nottingham Metropolitan Area650,703
Cardiff Metropolitan Area558,406
Edinburgh Metropolitan Area530,165
Leicester Metropolitan Area527,124
Portsmouth Metropolitan Area480,317
Brighton Metropolitan Area456,337
Coventry Metropolitan Area437,237
Belfast Metropolitan Area437,125
Bournemouth Metropolitan Area382,597
Southampton Metropolitan Area374,413
Middlesbrough Metropolitan Area351,680
Stoke on Trent Metropolitan Area329,688
Kingston upon Hull Metropolitan Area321,006
Reading Metropolitan Area273,287
Derby Metropolitan Area271,899
Luton Metropolitan Area268,353
Southend on Sea Metropolitan Area265,744
Plymouth Metropolitan Area252,928
Gillingham Metropolitan Area247,682
Northampton Metropolitan Area219,781
Milton Keynes Metropolitan Area205,060
Aberdeen Metropolitan Area193,155
Swindon Metropolitan Area192,422
Peterborough Metropolitan Area189,937
Blackpool Metropolitan Area189,730
Norwich Metropolitan Area188,535
Ipswich Metropolitan Area171,226
Oxford Metropolitan Area168,021
Dundee Metropolitan Area158,327
York Metropolitan Area151,629
Swansea Metropolitan Area150,621
Gloucester Metropolitan Area145,718
Cambridge Metropolitan Area136,064
Telford Metropolitan Area135,270
Margate Metropolitan Area128,756
Grimsby Metropolitan Area126,609
Colchester Metropolitan Area120,251
Polegate Metropolitan Area117,257
Cheltenham Metropolitan Area116,046
Lincoln Metropolitan Area115,775
Torquay Metropolitan Area111,323
Exeter Metropolitan Area110,292
Basingstoke Metropolitan Area109,911
Camberley Metropolitan Area108,988
High Wycombe Metropolitan Area108,858
Bedford Metropolitan Area107,556
Crawley Metropolitan Area106,964
Chelmsford Metropolitan Area106,499
Maidstone Metropolitan Area105,233
Basildon Metropolitan Area104,556
Worcester Metropolitan Area101,123

North America

Canada

In Canada, a census metropolitan area (CMA) or census agglomeration (CA) consists of one or more neighboring municipalities centered around a core population. A CMA requires a total population of at least 100,000, with 50,000 or more residing in the core, while a CA requires a core population of at least 10,000. Both are determined using data from Canada's Census of Population Program, and surrounding municipalities must demonstrate strong economic integration with the core, measured by commuting patterns. [47]

Urban population rate: 85% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

United States

As of February 28, 2013, the United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defined 1,098 statistical areas for the metropolitan areas of the United States and Puerto Rico. [48] These 1,098 statistical areas comprise 929 Core-Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs) and 169 Combined Statistical Areas (CSAs). The 929 Core-Based Statistical Areas are divided into 388 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs – 381 for the U.S. and seven for Puerto Rico) and 541 Micropolitan Statistical Areas (μSAs – 536 for the U.S. and five for Puerto Rico). The 169 Combined Statistical Areas (166 for the U.S. and three for Puerto Rico) each comprise two or more adjacent Core Based Statistical Areas.[ citation needed ]

The OMB defines a Metropolitan Statistical Area as one or more adjacent counties or county equivalents that have at least one urban area of at least 50,000 population, plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of economic and social integration with the core as measured by commuting ties. The OMB then defines a Combined Statistical Area as consisting of various combinations of adjacent metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas with economic ties measured by commuting patterns. The Office of Management and Budget further defines a core-based statistical area (CBSA) to be a geographical area that consists of one or more counties (or equivalents) anchored by an urban center of at least 10,000 people plus adjacent counties that are socioeconomically tied to the urban center by commuting.

Urban population rate: 86% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  1. New York metropolitan area (including Newark and Jersey): 14,197,659
  2. Los Angeles metropolitan area: 13,474,333
  3. Miami metropolitan area: 5,733,042
  4. Chicago metropolitan area: 5,318,735
  5. Houston metropolitan area: 4,301,461
  6. San Francisco metropolitan area: 4,178,349
  7. Washington metropolitan area: 3,471,725
  8. Phoenix metropolitan area: 2,608,874
  9. Dallas metropolitan area: 2,577,308
  10. Denver metropolitan area: 2,425,086
  11. Las Vegas metropolitan area: 2,371,780
  12. Philadelphia metropolitan area: 2,286,396
  13. Seattle metropolitan area: 2,099,643
  14. San Diego metropolitan area: 1,977,279
  15. Detroit metropolitan area: 1,918,653
  16. Portland metropolitan area: 1,839,776
  17. Mesa metropolitan area: 1,724,503 (a subregion of the Phoenix metropolitan area)
  18. Sacramento metropolitan area: 1,697,184
  19. Boston metropolitan area: 1,669,310
  20. Austin metropolitan area: 1,580,153
  21. San Antonio metropolitan area: 1,513,874
  22. Orlando metropolitan area: 1,231,650
  23. Minneapolis metropolitan area: 1,217,972
  24. Baltimore metropolitan area: 1,127,338
  25. Salt Lake City metropolitan area: 1,108,953

Mexico

Metropolitan areas are known as zonas metropolitanas in Mexico. The National Population Council (CONAPO) defines them as: [49]

  • a set of two or more municipalities where a city with a population of at least 100,000 is located, and whose urban area, functions and activities exceed the limits of the municipality.
  • municipalities with a city of more than 500,000 inhabitants, or a city of more than 200,000 inhabitants located in the northern and southern border areas and in the coastal zone.
  • municipalities where state capitals are located, if they are not already included in a metropolitan zone.

Urban population rate: 82% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Oceania

Australia

The Melbourne metropolitan area in Australia seen at night from the International Space Station Melbourne at night from the International Space Station.jpg
The Melbourne metropolitan area in Australia seen at night from the International Space Station

The Australian Bureau of Statistics uses Greater Capital City Statistical Areas (GCCSAs), which are geographical areas designed to represent the functional extent of each of the eight state and territory capital cities. They were designed to reflect labor markets, using the 2011 Census "travel to work" data. Labor markets are sometimes used as proxy measures of the functional extent of a city as it contains the majority of the commuting population. GCCSAs replaced "Statistical Divisions" used until 2011. [50]

Other metropolitan areas in Australia include cross border cities or continuous built-up areas between two or more cities that are connected by an extensive public transport network that allows for commuting for work or services.[ citation needed ]

Urban population rate: 91% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Fiji

Urban population rate: 58% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Suva Metropolitan Area: 242,910

New Zealand

Urban population rate: 89% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Papua New Guinea

Urban population rate: 12% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Solomon Islands

Urban population rate: 25% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Honiara Metropolitan Area: 137,201

South America

Argentina

Urban population rate: 95% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Bolivia

Urban population rate: 71% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Brazil

Greater Sao Paulo in Brazil seen at night from the International Space Station ISS-67 City lights of Sao Paulo, Brazil.jpg
Greater São Paulo in Brazil seen at night from the International Space Station
The following paragraph is an excerpt from List of metropolitan areas in Brazil § Definitions.[ edit ]
In Brazil, the terms metropolitan area (Portuguese: região metropolitana) and urban agglomeration (aglomeração urbana) have specific meanings. They are defined by federal and state legislation as collections of municipalities focused on "integrating the organization, planning and execution of public functions of common interest". [51] An integrated development area (região integrada de desenvolvimento) is one of the two above structures that crosses state (or Federal District) boundaries.

The IBGE defines also "Immediate Geographic Areas" (formerly termed microregions) which capture the region "surrounding urban centers for the supply of immediate needs of the population". [52] Intended for policy planning purposes, as of March 2021 census data is not tabulated on the level of these Areas, but instead at the municipality or state level. [53]

Urban population rate: 89% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Chile

There are three metropolitan areas in Chile, the biggest and most important one is the Gran Santiago in the Santiago Metropolitan Region. The other two metro areas are Gran Valparaiso in the Valparaiso Region with almost a million inhabitants, and Gran Concepción in the Bio Bio Region, with a population of about a million people living in it. Smaller "metropolitan" areas are known as conurbations. Conurbaciones tend to have a bit over 200.000 inhabitants to be considered as such. An example is the Conurbacion de Rancagua, which considers the area shared by the city of Rancagua, and the adjacent smaller towns of Machalí, Gultro and Graneros.

Urban population rate: 92% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Colombia

Urban population rate: 80% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Bogota Metropolitan Area: 10,419,361
  • Medellin Metropolitan Area: 3,215,457
  • Cali Metropolitan Area: 2,691,616
  • Barranquilla Metropolitan Area: 2,166,638

Ecuador

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Guayaquil Metropolitan Area: 3,247,674
  • Quito Metropolitan Area: 2,605,678

Guyana

Urban population rate: 33% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Paraguay

Urban population rate: 68% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Peru

Urban population rate: 79% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

  • Lima Metropolitan Area: 10,828,104
  • Arequipa Metropolitan Area: 1,004,835

Suriname

Urban population rate: 75% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Uruguay

Urban population rate: 94% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

Venezuela

Urban population rate: 96% (2024). [17] Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024. [18]

See also

Lists of metropolitan areas

Metropolitan planning theories

Terms

References

  1. ↑ Loibl, Wolfgang; Etminan, Ghazal; Gebetsroither-Geringer, Ernst; Neumann, Hans-Martin; Sanchez-Guzman, Santiago (2018). "Characteristics of Urban Agglomerations in Different Continents: History, Patterns, Dynamics, Drivers and Trends". Urban Agglomeration. doi:10.5772/intechopen.73524. ISBN   978-953-51-3897-6.
  2. ↑ Squires, G. Ed. Urban Sprawl: Causes, Consequences, & Policy Responses. (The urban Institute Press (2002)
  3. ↑ Mark, M.; Katz, B; Rahman, S.; Warren, D. (2008). "MetroPolicy: Shaping A New Federal Partnership for a Metropolitan Nation" (PDF). Brookings Institution. pp. 4–103.
  4. ↑ "Federal Register" (PDF). Office of Management and Budget. Retrieved October 5, 2023.
  5. ↑ "Urban cores, Core cities and Principal cites". new geography.com. Retrieved October 5, 2023.
  6. ↑ "Definition of Urban Terms" (PDF). demographia.com. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
  7. ↑ "List 2. Principal cities of metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas, march 2020". Archived from the original on 2022-03-31.
  8. ↑ Iris Reuther (FG Stadt- und Regionalplanung, Universität Kassel): Presentation "Regiopole Rostock". 11 December 2001, retrieved 13 June 2009 (pdf).
  9. ↑ European Union/FAO/UN-Habitat/OECD/The World Bank (2021). Applying the Degree of Urbanisation — A methodological manual to define cities, towns and rural areas for international comparisons — 2021 edition. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. p. 51. doi: 10.2785/706535 . ISBN   978-92-76-20306-3.
  10. ↑ European Union/FAO/UN-Habitat/OECD/The World Bank (2021). Applying the Degree of Urbanisation — A methodological manual to define cities, towns and rural areas for international comparisons — 2021 edition. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. p. 52. doi: 10.2785/706535 . ISBN   978-92-76-20306-3.
  11. ↑ "About Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas". U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division. Archived from the original on Sep 25, 2011. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  12. ↑ "Alternative Approaches to Defining Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan". Federal Register. 63 (244). OMB. December 21, 1998. Archived from the original on July 23, 2009.
  13. ↑ Lopez-Cermeño, Alexandra (Jul 14, 2015). "How services increased the economic gap between the rural and urban US". World Economic Forum . Retrieved 2022-04-19.
  14. ↑ Gras, N. S. B. (1922). "The Development of Metropolitan Economy in Europe and America". The American Historical Review. 27 (4): 695–708. doi: 10.2307/1837536 . JSTOR   1837536.
  15. ↑ Olberding, Julie Cencula (Aug 2002). "Diving into the "Third Waves" of Regional Governance and Economic Development Strategies: A Study of Regional Partnerships for Economic Development in U.S. Metropolitan Areas" . Economic Development Quarterly. 16 (3). SAGE Journals: 251–272. doi:10.1177/089124240201600305 . Retrieved 28 April 2023.
  16. ↑ Tellier, Luc-Normand; Quesnel, Frédéric; Bur, Justin (November 2024). "Estimating urban sprawl standards by means of the Urban Metric System". Regional Science Policy and Planning.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 Ritchie, Hannah; Samborska, Veronika; Roser, Max (2024-02-21). "Urbanization". Our World in Data.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 "Global Human Settlement - Stats in the city visualisation - European Commission". human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu. Retrieved 2025-04-25.
  19. ↑ "MONOGRAPHIE". Consulat Général d'Algérie à Paris (in French). Retrieved 2023-12-31.
  20. ↑ Tramway d'Alger : début des travaux
  21. ↑ "ACTIVITÉS :: Entreprise Métro d'Alger". metroalger-dz.com.
  22. ↑ La mise en service prévue pour le premier trimestre 2013, Ratiba.B, El Watan, 2 mai 2012
  23. ↑ "Tlemcen: Le LGV se rapproche de Maghnia à petite vitesse". infotraficalgerie.dz. 23 July 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
  24. ↑ Algérie : Réalisation de la première ligne du tramway d’Oran
  25. ↑ "Inauguration du tramway de Sidi Bel Abbés". 25 July 2017.
  26. ↑ ALSTOM (18 February 2023). "Le tramway de la ligne de Mostaganem en Algérie est entré en service commercial". Alstom (in French). Retrieved 2023-02-18.
  27. ↑ Lancement prochain de 14 projets de tramways, S.H., S.H., 29 mai 2010
  28. ↑ Muzzini, Elisa; Aparicio, Gabriela (2013). Bangladesh: The Path to Middle-Income Status from an Urban Perspective. Washington, D.C.: World Bank Publications. p. 52. ISBN   978-0-8213-9865-4.
  29. ↑ "关于培育发展现代化都市圈的指导意见(发改规划〔2019〕328号)" (in Chinese (China)). 国家发展改革委. 2019-02-19.
  30. ↑ "Metropolitan Cities of India" (PDF). Central Pollution Control Board. National Informatics Centre. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
  31. ↑ "The Code Of Criminal Procedure, 1973". Indian Kanoon. 25 January 1974. Retrieved 7 December 2023.
  32. ↑ "Kategori Topik Utama". Archived from the original on 2019-09-18. Retrieved 2021-06-15.
  33. ↑ Metropolitan municipalities in Turkey
  34. ↑ Al Qassemi, Sooud (June 19, 2012). "Infinite possibilities for Dubai-Sharjah-Ajman conurbation". Gulf News. Archived from the original on Nov 20, 2023.
  35. ↑ Bardsley, Daniel (2022-08-02). "Dubai population to surge to nearly 6m in 20 years amid urban transformation". The National. Archived from the original on Apr 2, 2024.
  36. ↑ Quest, Richard; Minihane, Joe (March 10, 2021). "What Dubai looked like before it boomed". CNN. Archived from the original on Apr 2, 2024.
  37. ↑ "What is the Urban Audit?". Urban Audit. Archived from the original on 2009-02-12.
  38. ↑ "European cities – the EU-OECD functional urban area definition". Eurostat.
  39. ↑ European Union/FAO/UN-Habitat/OECD/The World Bank (2021). Applying the Degree of Urbanisation — A methodological manual to define cities, towns and rural areas for international comparisons — 2021 edition. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. p. 52. doi:10.2785/706535. ISBN   978-92-76-20306-3.
  40. ↑ "Glossary:Metro regions". Eurostat.
  41. 1 2 "Le nouveau zonage en aires d'attraction des villes". INSEE . Retrieved 2022-04-09.
  42. 1 2 3 "Functional areas". INSEE . Retrieved 2022-04-09.
  43. ↑ Ritchie, Hannah; Samborska, Veronika; Roser, Max (2024-02-21). "Urbanization". Our World in Data.
  44. ↑ "Global Human Settlement - Stats in the city visualisation - European Commission". human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu. Retrieved 2025-04-25.
  45. ↑ "Geografin i statistiken – regionala indelningar i Sverigelanguage=sv" (PDF). Statistics Sweden.
  46. ↑ Beginners' guide to UK geography - Travel to Work Areas (TTWAs) Office for National Statistics
  47. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2017-11-15). "Illustrated Glossary - Census metropolitan area (CMA) and census agglomeration (CA)". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2024-08-13.
  48. ↑ "OMB Bulletin No. 13-01: Revised Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Combined Statistical Areas, and Guidance on Uses of the Delineations of These Areas" (PDF). United States Office of Management and Budget. February 28, 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 21, 2017. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
  49. ↑ "Delimitation of Mexico's Metropolitan Areas 2015" (in Spanish). CONAPO. Retrieved 2020-12-29.
  50. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics (12 July 2016). "GREATER CAPITAL CITY STATISTICAL AREA (GCCSA)". Australian Statistical Geography Standard. 1 (1270.0.55.001). Canberra, ACT. Retrieved 20 June 2021.
  51. ↑ "Metropolitan Areas, Urban Agglomerations and Integrated Development Areas | IBGE". www.ibge.gov.br. Archived from the original on 2021-04-02. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  52. ↑ "Regional Divisions of Brazil". IBGE. Archived from the original on 2021-04-02. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  53. ↑ "Population Census | IBGE". www.ibge.gov.br. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
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