Core city

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The skyline of Manhattan as seen from Hudson County, New Jersey in March 2014. New York City is the core city of New York metropolitan area. NorthHudsonNJtoManhattan.tiff
The skyline of Manhattan as seen from Hudson County, New Jersey in March 2014. New York City is the core city of New York metropolitan area.

In urban planning, a historic core city or central city is the municipality with the largest 1940 population in the present metropolitan area (metropolitan statistical area). [1] [2] This term was retired by the US census bureau and replaced by the term principal city, which can include historic core cities and post-WWII cities. Metropolitan areas were no longer considered monocentric, but polycentric due to suburbanization of employment. [3] [4] A historic core city is not to be confused with the core of a metropolitan area which is defined as an urban area with a population of over 50,000 by the US census bureau. [5]

Contents

Historic core cites in the United States often have higher detached single family housing rates, lower density, and fewer jobs than surrounding satellite cities and suburbs. [6] [7] [8] A central city is usually the first settlement established in an urban region, years before the outlying districts came into existence. These cities typically contain less economic activity and more crime than their surrounding areas. [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] Central cities often form the regional downtowns of metro areas. The term is used mainly in US context, although since the 1970s it has also become relatively common in Canada and, to a lesser extent, Europe and Australia. [14] [15] [16] [17]

Examples

Metropolitan areas with one core city

The followings are the core city of the five largest metropolitan areas in the world.

Metropolitan area Core cityCountryMetropolitan
population
NameLocation
Greater Tokyo Area
(Kantō region)
Tokyo 35°41′23″N139°41′32″E / 35.68972°N 139.69222°E / 35.68972; 139.69222 (Tokyo) Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 37,274,000 [18]
Jakarta metropolitan area
(Jabodetabekpunjur)
Jakarta 6°10′30″S106°49′43″E / 6.17500°S 106.82861°E / -6.17500; 106.82861 (Jakarta) Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia 33,430,285 [19]
Central National Capital Region
(Delhi Metropolitan Area)
Delhi 28°36′36″N77°13′48″E / 28.61000°N 77.23000°E / 28.61000; 77.23000 (Delhi) Flag of India.svg  India 29,000,000 [20]
Seoul Capital Area
(Sudogwon region)
Seoul 37°34′N126°58′E / 37.567°N 126.967°E / 37.567; 126.967 (Seoul) Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea 25,514,000 [21]
Mumbai Metropolitan Region

(मुंबई महानगर प्रदेश)

Mumbai, Maharashtra 18°58′30″N72°49′33″E / 18.97500°N 72.82583°E / 18.97500; 72.82583 (Mumbai) Flag of India.svg  India 24,400,000 [22]

Metropolitan areas with more than one core city

Metropolitan area Core citiesCountryMetropolitan
population
NameLocation
Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex Dallas 32°46′45″N96°48′32″W / 32.77917°N 96.80889°W / 32.77917; -96.80889 (Dallas) Flag of the United States.svg  United States 7,470,158 [23]
Fort Worth 32°45′N97°20′W / 32.750°N 97.333°W / 32.750; -97.333 (Fort Worth)
Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region Essen 51°27′3″N7°0′47″E / 51.45083°N 7.01306°E / 51.45083; 7.01306 (Essen) Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 1,555,985 [24]
Düsseldorf 51°14′N6°47′E / 51.233°N 6.783°E / 51.233; 6.783 (Düsseldorf)
Islamabad–Rawalpindi metropolitan area Islamabad 33°41′35″N73°03′50″E / 33.69306°N 73.06389°E / 33.69306; 73.06389 (Islamabad) Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan 4,500,000 [25]
Rawalpindi 33°36′N73°02′E / 33.600°N 73.033°E / 33.600; 73.033 (Rawalpindi)

See also

Related Research Articles

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References

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Further reading