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An intimate relationship is an interpersonal relationship that involves emotional or physical closeness between people and may include sexual intimacy and feelings of romance or love. Intimate relationships are interdependent, and the members of the relationship mutually influence each other. The quality and nature of the relationship depends on the interactions between individuals, and is derived from the unique context and history that builds between people over time. Social and legal institutions such as marriage acknowledge and uphold intimate relationships between people. However, intimate relationships are not necessarily monogamous or sexual, and there is wide social and cultural variability in the norms and practices of intimacy between people.
A job interview is an interview consisting of a conversation between a job applicant and a representative of an employer which is conducted to assess whether the applicant should be hired. Interviews are one of the most common methods of employee selection. Interviews vary in the extent to which the questions are structured, from an unstructured and informal conversation to a structured interview in which an applicant is asked a predetermined list of questions in a specified order; structured interviews are usually more accurate predictors of which applicants will make suitable employees, according to research studies.
Stigma, originally referring to the visible marking of people considered inferior, has evolved in modern society into a social concept that applies to different groups or individuals based on certain characteristics such as socioeconomic status, culture, gender, race, religion or health status. Social stigma can take different forms and depends on the specific time and place in which it arises. Once a person is stigmatized, they are often associated with stereotypes that lead to discrimination, marginalization, and psychological problems.
Stanley O. Gaines Jr. is a Social Psychologist and Senior Lecturer in the School of Social Sciences at Brunel University. Gaines is the lead author of Culture, Ethnicity, and Personal Relationship Processes, published by Routledge in 1997 (ISBN 9780415916530).
Sizeism, weightism or size discrimination is unjust or prejudicial treatment directed at people based on their size.
Gregory M. Herek is a researcher, author, and professor of psychology at the University of California at Davis (UCD). He has conducted extensive research on prejudice against sexual minorities, and coined the term sexual prejudice as a replacement for homophobia to describe this phenomenon. Herek argued that using the term homophobia incorrectly assumes that negative responses to lesbian, gay, and bisexual people are founded in pathological, irrational fear, whereas psychological research indicates they are more accurately regarded as a form of prejudice. Herek is an openly and prominent gay psychologist. Herek is considered one of the most influential scholars of sexual minorities.
Ellen S. Berscheid is an American social psychologist who is currently a Regents professor at the University of Minnesota, where she earlier had earned her PhD in 1965. Berscheid conducted research on interpersonal relationships, emotions and moods, and social cognition. Berscheid wrote books, articles and other publications to contribute to the field of Social Psychology. She was involved in controversy surrounding the funding for her research on why people fall in love. In addition to her position at the University of Minnesota as a Psychology and Business professor; she has also held a position at Pillsbury. She has received awards for her contributions to social psychology, including The Presidential Citation and the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award from the American Psychological Association.
In social psychology, a stereotype is a generalized belief about a particular category of people. It is an expectation that people might have about every person of a particular group. The type of expectation can vary; it can be, for example, an expectation about the group's personality, preferences, appearance or ability. Stereotypes are often overgeneralized, inaccurate, and resistant to new information. A stereotype does not necessarily need to be a negative assumption. They may be positive, neutral, or negative.
In social psychology, self-stereotyping is a process by which an individual integrates and internalizes commonly held characterizations of an in-group into their self-concept. It is described as part of social identity theory (SIT) and, more specifically, self-categorization theory (SCT).
Social stigma of obesity is bias or discriminatory behaviors targeted at overweight and obese individuals because of their weight and high body fat percentage. Such social stigmas can span one's entire life as long as excess weight is present, starting from a young age and lasting into adulthood. Studies also indicate overweight and obese individuals experience higher levels of stigma compared to other people. Stigmatization of obesity is usually associated with increased health risks (morbidity) of being overweight or obese and the possibility of a shorter lifespan (mortality).
Stigma management is the process of concealing or disclosing aspects of one's identity to minimize social stigma.
Minority stress describes high levels of stress faced by members of stigmatized minority groups. It may be caused by a number of factors, including poor social support and low socioeconomic status; well understood causes of minority stress are interpersonal prejudice and discrimination. Indeed, numerous scientific studies have shown that when minority individuals experience a high degree of prejudice, this can cause stress responses that accrue over time, eventually leading to poor mental and physical health. Minority stress theory summarizes these scientific studies to explain how difficult social situations lead to chronic stress and poor health among minority individuals.
Dr. Jennifer Crocker is a professor and Ohio Eminent Scholar in Social Psychology at Ohio State University. She is also a former president of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology. Her publications are on the subject of self-esteem and the contingencies and interpersonal goals that individuals have that are a clear reflection of their level of self-esteem.
Mark Richard Leary is a professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke University. His research has made significant contributions to the fields of social psychology and personality psychology.
Ruth Kanfer is a psychologist and professor at Georgia Institute of Technology in the area of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. She is best known for her research in the fields of motivation, goal setting, self-regulation, job search, adult learning, and future of work. Kanfer has received numerous awards for her research contributions including the American Psychological Association Distinguished Scientific Award for an Early Career Contribution in Applied Research in 1989, the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) William R. Owens Scholarly Achievement Award in 2006 and the SIOP Distinguished Scientific Contributions Award in 2007. Ruth Kanfer has authored influential papers on a variety of topics including the interaction of cognitive abilities and motivation on performance, the influence of personality and motivation on job search and employment. and a review chapter on motivation in an organizational setting.
The Robert Foster Cherry Award is a prize given biennially by Baylor University for "great teaching". The Cherry Award honors professors at the college or university level, in the English-speaking world, with established track records of teaching excellence and the ability to inspire students. Robert Foster Cherry, a graduate of Baylor University, made an estate bequest to establish the award. In a typical award cycle, three finalists are selected based on nomination packages. The finalists then compete for the award by giving a series of lectures at Baylor University. Each finalist receives $15,000 and the award recipient receives an additional $250,000 prize.
Monica R. Biernat is a social psychologist known for her research on social judgment, stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination. She is a University Distinguished Professor of Psychology at the University of Kansas.
Camille B. Wortman is a clinical health psychologist and expert on grief and coping in response to traumatic events and loss. She is an Emeritus Professor of Psychology at Stony Brook University.
Bernice Lott was an American social psychologist known for her work on feminist psychology, gender, poverty, social class, and prejudice and discrimination. She was Professor Emerita of Psychology and Woman's Studies at the University of Rhode Island and was a former Dean of its University College.
The psychological impact of discrimination on health refers to the cognitive pathways through which discrimination impacts mental and physical health in members of marginalized, subordinate, and low-status groups. Research on the relation between discrimination and health became a topic of interest in the 1990s, when researchers proposed that persisting racial/ethnic disparities in health outcomes could potentially be explained by racial/ethnic differences in experiences with discrimination. Although the bulk of the research tend to focus on the interactions between interpersonal discrimination and health, researchers studying discrimination and health in the United States have proposed that institutional discrimination and cultural racism also give rise to conditions that contribute to persisting racial and economic health disparities.
References
- 1 2 "Michelle "Mikki" Hebl | Faculty | The People of Rice | Rice University". profiles.rice.edu. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
- ↑ "Michelle "Mikki" Hebl". Jones Graduate School of Business at Rice University. Retrieved 2022-10-26.
- 1 2 "Mikki Hebl". Robert Foster Cherry Award | Baylor University. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
- 1 2 "Hebl Wins Top Teaching Award". APS Observer. 29. 2016-02-04.
- ↑ "winners". SIOP. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
- ↑ "Rice Magazine | Spring 2015 by Rice University - Issuu". issuu.com. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
- ↑ "Keynote Speakers". Fostering Future Faculty. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
- ↑ nvernau@capitalnewspapers.com, 608-745-3519, Noah Vernau (21 July 2016). "From Pardeeville to Antarctica: Native remembers her roots". Wiscnews.com. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ↑ "Alumnae Spotlight: Checking in with Mikki Hebl '91". Smith College Athletics. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
- ↑ Peake, Philip K.; Hebl, Michelle; Mischel, Walter (2002). "Strategic attention deployment for delay of gratification in working and waiting situations". Developmental Psychology. 38 (2): 313–326. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.38.2.313. PMID 11881765.
- ↑ Hebl, Michelle (Mikki) Rae (1997). Nonstigmatized individuals' reactions to the acknowledgment and valuation of a stigma by overweight individuals and physically disabled individuals (Thesis). ProQuest 304343304.
- ↑ "NSF Award Search: Award # 0542562 - ADVANCE Institutional Transformation Award". www.nsf.gov. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
- ↑ Omara-Otunnu, Elizabeth (2011-10-18). "Developing a Diverse Faculty". UConn Today. Retrieved 2022-12-13.
- ↑ "Walking (Sometimes Running) a Step in Students' Shoes". APS Observer. 30. 2017-07-07.
- ↑ Morgan, W. B.; Walker, S. S.; Hebl, M. (M.) R.; King, E. B. (2013). "A field experiment: Reducing interpersonal discrimination toward pregnant job applicants". Journal of Applied Psychology. 98 (5): 799–809. doi:10.1037/a0034040. PMID 23957687.
- ↑ Barron, L. G.; Hebl, M. (2013). "The force of law: The effects of sexual orientation antidiscrimination legislation on interpersonal discrimination in employment". Psychology, Public Policy, and Law. 19 (2): 191–205. doi:10.1037/a0028350.
- ↑ Ruggs, Enrica N.; Hebl, Mikki; Shockley, Kristen M. (2022-11-04). "Fighting the 400-Year Pandemic: Racism Against Black People in Organizations". Journal of Business and Psychology. 38 (1): 1–5. doi:10.1007/s10869-022-09855-7. PMC 9638454 . PMID 36373110.
- ↑ Corrington, Abby; Fa-Kaji, Naomi M.; Hebl, Mikki R.; King, Eden B.; Stewart, Dillon; Alao, Temi (2022). "The impact of organizational statements of support for the black community in the wake of a racial mega-threat on organizational attraction and revenue". Human Resource Management. 61 (6): 699–722. doi:10.1002/hrm.22119. S2CID 248607002.
- ↑ "2021 Anti-Racism Grant Winners Announced". SIOP. Retrieved 2022-12-12.
