Mitrephora heyneana | |
---|---|
Botanical illustration of Mitrephora heyneana. [1] | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Magnoliids |
Order: | Magnoliales |
Family: | Annonaceae |
Genus: | Mitrephora |
Species: | M. heyneana |
Binomial name | |
Mitrephora heyneana | |
Synonyms | |
Kinginda heyneanaKuntze Contents |
Mitrephora heyneana is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to India and Sri Lanka. [2] Joseph Dalton Hooker and Thomas Thomson, the British botanists who first formally described the species under the basionym Orophea heyneana, named it after Benjamin Heyne a German botanist who collected and described many plant species from India. [3]
It is a tree reaching 12 meters in height. Its leathery, oval to lance-shaped leaves are 3–11.5 by 2–4.5 centimeters with pointed or rounded bases and pointed to tapering tips. The upper side of the leaves are matt and hairless, while the undersides are covered in sparse, fine hairs. The leaves have 6–10 pairs of secondary veins emanating from their midribs. Its petioles are 3–7 by 1.2 millimeters and covered in sparse, fine hairs. The flowers are on fleshy, densely hairy pedicels that are 2.5-5 by 0.5–0.9 millimeters. The pedicels have an oval, basal bract that is 1 by 1 millimeters, and another upper bract that is 1-1.5 by 1–2 millimeters. Its flowers have 3 oval sepals that are 1.5–2 by 2-2.5 millimeters. The sepals are covered in dense, brown hairs on their outer surface and sparse hairs on their inner surface. Its 6 petals are arranged in two rows of 3. The yellow, oval to lance-shaped, outer petals are 7–14 by 2.5–6 millimeters and come to a point at their tips. The outer surface of the outer petals are covered in dense, brown, fine hairs while the inner surface is sparsely hairy. The margins of the outer petals are slightly wavy when mature. The inner petals are yellow with red to purple stripes. The inner petals are 6.5–8.5 by 4.5–6.5 millimeters. The inner petals have dense, fine hairs on their outer surface. The inner surface of inner petals is covered in glandular hairs that become longer at the tip and cause the petals to interlock to form a dome. Its flowers have stamen that are 0.4–0.7 by 0.4–0.6 millimeters. Its flowers have 9–10 carpels that are 0.9–1.4 by 0.4–0.5 millimeters. The carpels have 4–6 ovules. Its fruit occur in clusters of 4–9 on pedicels that are 3–7.5 by 0.5–1.5 millimeters and covered in sparse, fine hairs. The smooth, densely hairy, oval fruit are 14–12 by 2.5–9 millimeters with flat tips. The fruit are attached to the pedicel by stipes that are 1–2 by 1-1.5 millimeters and covered in dense, brown, fine hairs. Each fruit has 2–4 seeds that are 8.5–10 by 7–9 millimeters. [4] [5]
The pollen of M. heyneana is shed as permanent tetrads. Pollination is believed to be assisted by beetles in the Nitidulidae family. [5]
It has been observed growing in rocky forests, at elevations of 200 to 450 meters. [5]
The bioactive molecule betulin extracted from its bark has been shown to inhibit the growth of cultured human tumor cells. [6]
Mitrephora wangii is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to China and Thailand.
Goniothalamus malayanus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Borneo, the Malay Peninsula, the Nicobar Islands, Sumatra and Thailand. Joseph Dalton Hooker and Thomas Thomson, the British botanists who first formally described the species, named it after part of its habitat range, British Malaya.
Goniothalamus nitidus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Borneo. Elmer Drew Merrill, the American botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its shining leaves.
Goniothalamus ridleyi is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Thailand. George King, who first formally described the species, named it after the English botanist Henry Nicholas Ridley who collected the specimen King examined.
Mitrephora alba is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Peninsular Malaysia. Henry Nicholas Ridley, the English botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its white flowers.
Mitrephora glabra is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Borneo. Rudolph Scheffer, the Dutch botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its hairless leaves and mature twigs.
Mitrephora keithii is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Myanmar, Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand. Henry Nicholas Ridley, the English botanist who first formally described the species, named it in honor of Dr. A. Keith who collected the sample that Ridley examined.
Mitrephora macclurei is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to China, Laos and Vietnam. Aruna Weerasooriya and Richard Saunders, the botanists who first formally described the species, named it after Floyd Alonzo McClure of Lingnan University, who collected the holotype specimen that they examined.
Mitrephora calcarea is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Laos and Vietnam. Aruna Weerasooriya and Richard M.K. Saunders, the botanists who provided the first valid formal description of the species, named it after the limy soil it grows in. The name follows a prior invalid account by Suzanne Jovet-Ast, which lacked a Latin description.
Mitrephora macrocarpa is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Sulawesi. Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel, the Dutch botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Orophea macrocarpa, named it after its large fruit.
Mitrephora pallens is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Vietnam. Suzanne Jovet-Ast, the French botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its pale flowers.
Mitrephora petelotii is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Vietnam. Aruna Weerasooriya and Richard Saunders, the botanists who first formally described the species, named it in honor of the French botanist Paul Alfred Pételot, who collected the holotype specimen that they examined.
Mitrephora polypyrena is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, and Myanmar. Carl Ludwig Blume, the German botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Uvaria polypyrena, named it after the many stones or seeds in its fruit.
Mitrephora maingayi is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, Laos, Peninsular Malaysia, Myanmar, Sumatra, and Vietnam. Joseph Hooker and Thomas Thomson, the British botanists who first formally described the species, named it in honor of Alexander Carroll Maingay, the British botanist who collected the specimen they examined.
Mitrephora tomentosa is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Bangladesh, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. Joseph Hooker and Thomas Thomson, the British botanists who first formally described the species, named it after the dense covering of hair on its young branches, leaves and flowers.
Mitrephora winitii is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Myanmar and Thailand. William Grant Craib, the British botanist who first formally described the species, named it after Phya Winit Wanandor, the Thai botanist who collected the specimen that Craib examined. In the Prachuap Khiri Khan province of Thailand it is commonly referred to as Mahaphrom.
Pseuduvaria coriacea is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to New Guinea. Yvonne Chuan Fang Su and Richard M.K. Saunders, the botanists who first formally described the species, named it after its leathery leaves.
Pseuduvaria costata is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to New Guinea. Rudolph Scheffer, the Dutch botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Orophea costata, named it after its prominently ribbed fruit.
Pseuduvaria hylandii is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Australia. L.W. Jessup, the botanists who first formally described the species, named it after Bernard Hyland an Australian botanist who collected the specimen he examined.
Pseuduvaria macrophylla is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Thailand. Daniel Oliver, the English botanists who first formally described the species using the synonym Mitrephora macrophylla, named it after its large leaves.