The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.
Mesua ferrea, the Ceylon ironwood, or cobra saffron, is a species in the family Calophyllaceae. This slow-growing tree is named after the heaviness and hardness of its timber. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental due to its graceful shape, grayish-green foliage with a beautiful pink to red flush of drooping young leaves, and large, fragrant white flowers. It is native to wet, tropical parts of Sri Lanka, India, southern Nepal, Burma, Thailand, Indochina, the Philippines, Malaysia and Sumatra, where it grows in evergreen forests, especially in river valleys. In the eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats in India it grows up to altitudes of 1,500 m (4,900 ft), while in Sri Lanka up to 1,000 m (3,300 ft). It is national tree of Sri Lanka, state tree of Mizoram and state flower of Tripura.
Graphium agamemnon, the tailed jay, is a predominantly green and black tropical butterfly that belongs to the swallowtail family. The butterfly is also called the green-spotted triangle, tailed green jay, or green triangle. It is a common, non-threatened species native to Nepal, India, Sri Lanka through Southeast Asia and Australia. Several geographic races are recognized. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae.
Monoon longifolium, the false ashoka, also commonly known by its synonym Polyalthia longifolia, is an Asian small tree species in the family Annonaceae. It is native to southern India and Sri Lanka, but has been widely introduced elsewhere in tropical Asia. This evergreen tree is known to grow over 20 m. in height and is commonly planted due to its effectiveness in alleviating noise pollution. It exhibits symmetrical pyramidal growth with willowy weeping pendulous branches and long narrow lanceolate leaves with undulate margins.
Alstonia macrophylla, the hard alstonia, hard milkwood or big-leaved macrophyllum, is a species of plant in the family Apocynaceae.
Polyalthia malabarica is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae and tribe Miliuseae. It is endemic to south-west India. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Polyalthia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Annonaceae. There are approximately 90 species distributed from Africa to Asia and the Pacific.
Polyalthia glabra is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is a tree endemic to Peninsular Malaysia. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Polyalthia hookeriana is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is a tree found in Malaysia and Singapore.
Polyalthia hypogaea is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is a tree endemic to Peninsular Malaysia.
Polyalthia pachyphylla is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is a tree endemic to Peninsular Malaysia.
Monoon shendurunii is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is endemic to Kerala in India. It was reclassified from the genus Polyathia to Monoon.
Clusia rosea, the autograph tree, copey, cupey, balsam apple, pitch-apple, and Scotch attorney, is a tropical and sub-tropical flowering plant species in the family Clusiaceae. The name Clusia major is sometimes misapplied to this species.
Xylopia championii is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is endemic to the rainforest understory in Sri Lanka. It is known as අතු කැටිය or දත් කැටිය in Sinhala.
Huberantha cerasoides is a species of trees in the family Annonaceae and tribe Miliuseae. It is the type species of the relatively new genus Huberantha.
Cyathocalyx zeylanicus is a plant species within the genus Cyathocalyx of the family Annonaceae. It is endemic to Western Ghats and Sri Lanka.
Xylopia nigricans is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is endemic to the understory in Sri Lanka. It is known as heen kenda in Sinhala. It is widely used as a medicinal plant in Sri Lanka.
Commiphora caudata, the hill mango or green commiphora, is the most abundant Asian species of Commiphora of flowering plants in the frankincense and myrrh family, Burseraceae. It can be found in Southern India and Sri Lanka, usually growing in the full sun on hilly granite rock outcrops in dry zone areas. It is a small to medium-sized deciduous tree which is said to be able to reach height of 10-20m, but usually is less high. The tree has a smooth, succulent green bark, which partly flakes off with age, giving rise to a characteristic patchwork of green and brown patches. Its sap has a strong resinous scent. The tree has medicinal properties. The fruit is a globose fleshy drupe with 2 to 6 valves and 1 seed that is black and has 4 wings. Remnants of branches can form a kind of thorns on the trunk. The flowers have a greenish to cream-yellow pedestal with pink to red petals.
Wuodendron is a genus of plants in the family Annonaceae and tribe Miliuseae, containing the type and only species Wuodendron praecox. It is distributed from northeastern India north to southern China and southeast through most of Mainland Southeast Asia.
The Malmeoideae are a subfamily of trees and other plants of the family Annonaceae.
