MyMusic

Last updated
MyMusic
MyMusic logo.jpg
Genre Transmedia sitcom
Created by Fine Brothers
Starring Adam Busch
Jack Douglass
Jarrett Sleeper
Mychal Thompson
Lainey Lipson
Grace Helbig
Chris Clowers
Tania Gunadi
Lee Newton
Theme music composer Craig Benzine [1]
Opening theme"House of 1982, Built Like A Ship" by Driftless Pony Club
ComposerWilliam Storkson [1]
Country of origin United States
Original languageEnglish
No. of seasons2
No. of episodes58 (Normal Episodes)
12 (Extended TV Length Episodes)
Production
Running timeNormal Episode: 5-12 minutes
Extended TV Length Version: 30-40 minutes
Production companyFine Brothers Entertainment
Release
Original networkYouTube
Original releaseApril 15, 2012 (2012-04-15) –
January 28, 2014 (2014-01-28)

MyMusic is an American web transmedia mockumentary sitcom created by the Fine Brothers that premiered on April 15, 2012, on the MyMusicShow YouTube channel. The series follows a group of co-workers that are employed under a music production company. MyMusic is the first transmedia sitcom on YouTube. The series was part of YouTube's Original Channel Initiative.

Contents

Premise

MyMusic was the primary series that aired on the MyMusicShow YouTube channel. [2] It documented the antics of MyMusic, a transmedia production company where, rather than referring to each other by name, the staff go by the varying music genres with which they associate. CEO and founder Indie heads the team, which consists of people following extremely different–and frequently conflicting–tastes and attitudes. The company claims to have been given the YouTube original channel, which brings along with it a documentary crew filming them day to day.

The second season picks up following the burning of the MyMusic building at the conclusion of the first season. After this fire, Indie has the MyMusic team returning to its roots, as well as focus more on social media and the MyMusic blog. [1]

Cast and characters

From left to right: Scene, Indie, Hip Hop (Nerdcore) Indie (7486864192).jpg
From left to right: Scene, Indie, Hip Hop (Nerdcore)

Episodes

Each episode follows the antics of the transmedia production company. After each five or six episodes, the preceding episodes were repackaged into a traditional TV sitcom format and length. [1] [4] Additional scenes are also slotted into the "Sitcom Version" of the episode. [5] The first three episodes of the second season were screened in front of a live audience at VidCon 2013 during the "MyMusic panel". [6]

Series overview:

SeasonEpisodesFirst airedLast aired
1 34
(6 TV sitcom-length)		April 12, 2012January 6, 2013
2 24
(6 TV sitcom-length)		August 20, 2013January 29, 2014

Production

Development and filming

In an interview with New Media Rockstars, Benny Fine stated that MyMusic "was developed first as a television property" and then adapted for the internet. [7] Sometime afterward, YouTube invested money to help the brothers fund and create a premium channel, as part of YouTube's $100 million original channel project, with which the brothers decided to create MyMusic. [7] [8] [9] Benny Fine detailed that MyMusic was considerably influenced by British comedy series, particularly The IT Crowd ; the Fines made the MyMusic writing team watch the series. [10]

The MyMusic series premiered on April 15, 2012 on the MyMusicShow YouTube channel, which was registered on December 19, 2009 registration date, predating the series' conception. [11] MyMusicShow was one of the original channels to be renewed by YouTube. [12] The Fine Brothers announced the decision in May 2013, as Benny Fine cited the show's viewership and audience feedback as helping the series get renewed. [13] [14]

The Fine Brothers released daily photos, as well as "production diaries"−weekly videos of the production of the second season−which they uploaded onto Facebook and on their TheFineBros2 channel, respectively. [15] [16] The second season was filmed at YouTube Space LA. [10] Speaking about the second season, Benny Fine stated that the production budget for MyMusic was "nothing close to a TV size budget." [17] The second season premiered on August 20, 2013. [18]

Casting

Jarrett Sleeper as Metal Metal (7486858288).jpg
Jarrett Sleeper as Metal

The Fine Brothers uploaded a behind-the-scenes video in February 2013, documenting the auditions of the cast. Hundreds of people came in to read for various roles. [19] Mychal Thompson was not originally cast as the role of Hip Hop. However, for unknown reasons the original actor was unable to play the role of Hip Hop. One of the executive producers of MyMusic called Thompson and asked him to play the role of Hip Hop. [19] Toby Turner was a notable recurring cast member, having portrayed Satan. [13] Additionally, the first season saw the casting of special guests such as Vanessa Lengies, Hannah Hart, as well as Felicia Day, who earned a nomination for her guest role as Gorgol. [1] The second season saw Lee Newton and Paul Butcher join the MyMusic cast. [14]

Transmedia aspect

MyMusic is often billed and promoted as "YouTube's first transmedia sitcom", and several external media were produced to align with the events of the series, helping it establish an interactive social media dynamic. [20] The series blurred the lines of its fiction and reality, as its characters interacted with viewers, responding to their comments and voicemails in real time. [10] [20] [21] Accounts were created for all the characters, including non-main character, across various social media platforms, such as Twitter. [10] [22] As the character's real names were not emphasized in the series, some of these social media accounts, such as Metal's Yelp! and Scene's LinkedIn accounts served as easter eggs for the series' audience. [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] By the end of the series' first season, these fictional accounts accumulated over 250,000 followers. [10]

The second season was planned to be more interactive than the first, with creator Benny Fine stating, "This season we're taking the interactivity up a notch and creating more opportunities for fans to integrate with the MyMusic story universe." [28] One manner in which this was accomplished was through the launching of MyMusicShow.tv, a website which published satirical music news blogs written by the series' characters. [29] Benny Fine described the spin-off news blogs as "one part BuzzFeed, one part The Onion ". [10]

The transmedia aspect was able to influence viewers of the series to donate to an Indiegogo project aiming to fund music education. [4]

MyMusic Weekly Channel Shows

Scene, the host of MyMusic News and Tumblr Tuesday Scene (7486862132).jpg
Scene, the host of MyMusic News and Tumblr Tuesday

Throughout the series, characters are seen trying to complete tasks for the company, such as finishing a music news show to later release onto the Internet. These plot occurrences manifested as weekly channel shows uploaded onto the MyMusicShow YouTube channel, which developed continuity with the main series. Essentially the additional shows are the finished product of what the characters in the main series are creating, within that main series. The Mosh, one of the aforementioned weekly shows, features the characters of the main series answering questions they receive on their social media accounts. [1] [2]

Season 1
Season 2

Reception

Critical reception

Emily Eifler of KQED wrote positively on the series, stating "MyMusic is genuinely hilarious when it focuses on subtle character humor. It has a self-conscious, of-the-moment quality that will surely date quickly in the high-speed evolution of online content, but that's part of its charm. MyMusic is deliciously hypercurrent, an emblem of the times." [20]

Michael Andersen of Wired commented:

The writing and acting rarely strays from its purposefully Vaudevillian excesses, but the characters begin to find themselves, and move beyond their names. In MyMusic's second season, these more nuanced characters are forced to reconcile their work life with their hopes and dreams, leading many characters to seriously consider leaving MyMusic to pursue an education, a new career, or the chance for fame and fortune. [4]

Andersen added, "MyMusic was consciously designed with younger audiences in mind, loading every episode with a healthy dose of sight gags, catchphrases, and risqué punchlines." [4]

Viewership

The MyMusicShow YouTube channel accumulated over 100,000 subscribers prior to the release of the first episode. [1] By December 2012, the MyMusicShow YouTube channel accumulated over 250,000 subscribers and 20 million video views. [31] [32] The first season generated 26–30 million video views, with individual episodes varying between 200,000 and 1 million views. [10] [12] The final sitcom-length episode of the series was uploaded on March 16, 2014. At the time, the MyMusicShow YouTube account had accumulated over 496,000 subscribers and 41.2 million video views. [33] While the channel's videos continue to receive views, having received over 48.5 million, [lower-alpha 1] [34] the channel peaked around just under 500,000 subscribers. [35]

Awards and nominations

In 2013, MyMusic was nominated for 10 Streamy Awards, the most of any show that year, as well as 2 IAWTV Awards. [36] [37] [38]

YearCeremonyCategoryNominee(s)ResultRef
2013IAWTV AwardsBest Interactive/Social Media ExperienceMyMusicNominated [38]
Best Supplemental ContentMyMusicNominated [38]
2013 Streamy Awards Best DirectionThe Fine Brothers Nominated [37]
Best Writing: Comedy Fine Brothers & teamNominated [36]
Best EditingNominated [36]
Best Guest Appearance Felicia Day Nominated [37]
Best Comedy SeriesMyMusicNominated [37]
Best Production DesignGreg Aronowitz and Alynne SchripsemaNominated [36]
Best Visual EffectsWilliam HylerNominated [36]
Best Use of Fashion & DesignCici Andersen and Catherine ElhofferNominated [36]
Best ChoreographyKathryn BurnsNominated [36]
Audience Choice for Series of the YearMyMusicNominated [39]
2014IAWTV AwardsBest Supplemental ContentMyMusicNominated [40]
2014 Streamy AwardsBest Comedy SeriesMyMusicNominated [41]
Best EnsembleMyMusicNominated [41]
Audience Choice for Series of the YearMyMusicNominated [41]

Notes

  1. ↑ As of April 6, 2020

Related Research Articles

Ray William Johnson is an American internet celebrity best known for his eponymous YouTube channel and his web series on that channel, Equals Three. In 2013, the channel surpassed 10 million subscribers and had over 2 billion views, making it one of the most watched and subscribed to channels at the time. Johnson left the series in March 2014 but continued to produce it and other web series like Booze Lightyear, Comedians On, and Top 6, the first two of which were later cancelled.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">DeStorm Power</span> American Internet celebrity

DeStorm Power is an American Internet personality who began his career on the social media platform YouTube.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grace Helbig</span> American YouTuber and actress

Grace Anne Helbig is an American comedian, actress, and internet personality. She is the co-creator and co-host of the podcast This Might Get Weird (2018–present) alongside frequent collaborator Mamrie Hart and is the voice of Cindy Bear in the HBO Max animated series Jellystone! (2021–present).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lee Newton</span> American comedian and YouTuber

Ashley Rose Newton, known professionally as Lee Newton, is an American actress, comedian and Web personality. She is a former co-host of the YouTube news channel SourceFed, as well as a regular performer of The Gym Comedy group. Newton studied theatre in college, and is an alumna of The Groundlings Sunday Company. Newton was a founding member of the production company and web-series known as The Valleyfolk, in which she was a co-host alongside fellow former SourceFed hosts Joe Bereta, Elliott Morgan, and Steve Zaragoza.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">EpicLLOYD</span> American musician, rapper and YouTuber (born 1977)

Lloyd Leonard Ahlquist, better known by his online alias EpicLLOYD, is an American internet personality and rapper best known for the YouTube video series Epic Rap Battles of History, along with Peter "Nice Peter" Shukoff. Ahlquist has performed as an MC, actor, improviser and writer. In addition to the rap battles, Ahlquist, along with Shukoff, appeared in a cameo in The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water.

jacksfilms American YouTuber (born 1988)

John Patrick Douglass, better known as jacksfilms, is an American YouTuber, videographer, and sketch comic. Douglass began his online career in 2006, later studying at American University, where he received a degree in film. His YouTube channel initially consisted of infomercial parodies, sketches, and music videos, and has since branched out to other areas of content.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">React Media, LLC</span> American media company founded by Benny and Rafi Fine

React Media, LLC is an American reacting media and entertainment company founded by brothers Benny Fine and Rafi Fine, creators and media entrepreneurs. React Media produces the React video series, their several timed-spoiler series, narrative web series, and created a "transmedia" sitcom on YouTube, MyMusic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philip DeFranco</span> American YouTube personality

Philip James DeFranco, commonly known by his online nickname PhillyD, and formerly known as sxephil, is an American media host and YouTube personality. He is best known for The Philip DeFranco Show, a news commentary show centered on current events in politics and pop culture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3rd Streamy Awards</span> 2013 awards ceremony recognizing online video

The 3rd Annual Streamy Awards was the third installment of the Streamy Awards honoring streaming television series. The awards were held on February 17, 2013, at the Hollywood Palladium in Los Angeles, California. It was hosted by the founder of Nerdist Industries, Chris Hardwick. Presented three years after the unsuccessful 2nd Streamy Awards which led to the International Academy of Web Television leaving the show, Tubefilter partnered with Dick Clark Productions in an attempt to bolster the credibility of the awards and with hopes of broadcasting the show on television. The show was viewed as more professional than previous years and was praised for its musical performances, but it also received a more mixed reception on its increased focus on mainstream shows and celebrities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Toby Turner</span> American internet personality and actor (born 1985)

Toby Turner, also known by his stage name Tobuscus, is an American Internet personality and actor. Originally from Niceville, Florida, he is best known for his YouTube videos. As of November 5, 2021, Turner has a total of over 14.33 million subscribers and over 3.867 billion video views over his three YouTube channels.

The first season of The Fine Brothers' web series, MyMusic premiered on April 15, 2012 and ended on January 6, 2013. The series is based on a concept that the Fine Brothers originally developed for a television airing. Sometime afterwards, the concept was adapted for YouTube. MyMusic was the main show on the MyMusicShow YouTube channel, which was one of the first 100 original channels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elliott Morgan</span> America comedian, actor and writer

Elliott Christopher Morgan is an American stand up comedian, actor, writer, host, producer and YouTube personality. Morgan is best known for being a co-host of the YouTube channel SourceFed. Morgan attended the University of Florida.

The second season of The Fine Brothers' web series MyMusic premiered on Tuesday, August 20, 2013. Unlike with the first season, which had its episodes uploaded to the MyMusicShow YouTube channel, the second season was uploaded to the TheFineBros channel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Markiplier</span> American YouTuber (born 1989)

Mark Edward Fischbach, known online as Markiplier, is an American YouTuber and film director. He mainly uploads Let's Plays and is known for his videos of indie horror games. After joining YouTube in 2012, Fischbach became popular on the platform with Let's Plays of Amnesia: The Dark Descent (2010) and the Five Nights at Freddy's series. As of June 2023, his channel has over 35 million subscribers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Steve Zaragoza</span> American internet celebrity (born 1982)

Esteban "Steve" Zaragoza is an American online personality, singer-songwriter, musician and web series host, notable for his work on the current events and news series SourceFed. Zaragoza became a host on the series in 2012. The following year, Zaragoza became a host on its spin-off channel, SourceFedNERD. On his personal YouTube channel, Zaragoza frequently combines or crosses between dark, deadpan, surreal, character, and sketch comedy in a non-sequitur fashion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">YouTube (channel)</span> YouTubes official YouTube channel

YouTube is the official YouTube channel for the American video sharing platform YouTube, spotlighting videos and events on the platform. Events shown on the channel include YouTube Comedy Week and the YouTube Music Awards. Additionally, the channel uploaded annual installments of YouTube Rewind between 2010 and 2019. For a brief period in late 2013, the channel was ranked as the most-subscribed on the platform. As of May 2023, the channel has earned 35.7 million subscribers and 2.9 billion video views.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flula Borg</span> German actor, comedian, and musician (born 1982)

Flula Borg is a German actor, comedian, and musician, often known simply as Flula, known for his comedic personality. Borg's acting career includes roles in feature films, including Pitch Perfect 2 and The Suicide Squad, as well as in a number of television shows, including Curb Your Enthusiasm,The Good Place, and The Rookie. He has made multiple appearances on Conan and has participated in a number of other collaborations with Conan O'Brien.

<i>React</i> (media franchise) Entertainment media franchise

React is a media franchise created and owned by React Media, LLC, consisting of several online series centering on a group of individuals reacting to viral videos, trends, video games, film trailers, or music videos.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bernie Su</span> American web series creator

Bernie Su is an American web series creator, writer, director and producer. He is best known for his work on the Emmy Award-winning web series The Lizzie Bennet Diaries with Hank Green, a modern vlog-style adaptation of Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice which won YouTube's first primetime Emmy. His five-platform interactive re-imagination of Austen's Emma, called Emma Approved, won the same Emmy two years later. Su also worked on Vanity, was Multi-channel network StyleHaul's first original online series, with Maybelline New York attached as the exclusive sponsor for its centennial celebration.

<i>BlackBoxTV Presents</i> American horror anthology series

BlackBoxTV Presents is an American horror anthology web series created by Tony E. Valenzuela and Philip DeFranco. The first season, which featured a cast of YouTube creators including DeFranco, iJustine, and Shane Dawson, was self-funded by Valenzuela and debuted on the BlackBoxTV YouTube channel on August 17, 2010.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Kotenko, Jam (August 21, 2013). "Here's why you need to be watching the YouTube breakout hit series 'MyMusic'". Digital Trends . Archived from the original on August 21, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  2. 1 2 3 Miller, Liz Shannon (May 20, 2012). "YouTube's first transmedia sitcom goes above and beyond". GigaOM . Archived from the original on May 21, 2012. Retrieved July 5, 2012.
  3. ↑ "It Begins Again (MyMusic Episode #1)". YouTube. April 15, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Andersen, Michael (February 19, 2014). "Fine Brothers Sitcom "MyMusic" Brings Fictional Media Company to Life". Wired . Archived from the original on April 11, 2014. Retrieved February 23, 2014.
  5. ↑ MyMusic: Season 1 & 2 (TV Length Version) – YouTube playlist. MyMusic. YouTube. Archived from the original on March 9, 2016. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
  6. ↑ VIDCON! GTA V! DOG! (Fine Time #4). FBE . YouTube. August 10, 2013. Archived from the original on August 14, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  7. 1 2 Klima, Jeff (February 6, 2013). "Fine Brothers Break Down 'MyMusic,' Streamy Award Hopes [INTERVIEW]". NewMediaRockstars . Archived from the original on February 12, 2013. Retrieved February 6, 2013.
  8. ↑ Baldwin, Drew (November 1, 2011). "Fine Bros' YouTube Original Channel To Feature Duo's Trademark Interactivity". Tubefilter . Archived from the original on June 15, 2013. Retrieved July 5, 2012.
  9. ↑ Ramos, Dino-Ray (April 18, 2012). "MyMusic: A Web Sitcom About a Crazy Music-Obsessed Group of People". Directors Live!. Archived from the original on July 26, 2012. Retrieved July 5, 2012.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Dredge, Stuart (August 20, 2013). "Inspired by The IT Crowd, MyMusic season two launches on YouTube". The Guardian . Archived from the original on August 20, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  11. ↑ "MyMusic – YouTube about page". YouTube . Archived from the original on June 14, 2017. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  12. 1 2 Shields, Mike (May 13, 2013). "YouTube Sitcom Will See Year Two". Adweek . Archived from the original on December 13, 2018. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
  13. 1 2 Gutelle, Sam (May 13, 2013). "Fine Bros' 'MyMusic' Show Renewed For A Second Season". Tubefilter . Archived from the original on December 24, 2013. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
  14. 1 2 Manarino, Matthew (May 13, 2013). "The Fine Brothers Green-Light Season 2 Of 'MyMusic' YouTube Series, Late Summer Premiere Expected". NewMediaRockstars . Archived from the original on August 26, 2013. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
  15. ↑ "MyMusic- Season 2 Production Photos". FBE . Facebook. May–June 2013. Archived from the original on March 25, 2019. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  16. ↑ MyMusic Production Diary Playlist. FBE2 . YouTube. Archived from the original on June 26, 2015. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
  17. ↑ Whyte, Marama (September 11, 2013). "The Fine Brothers: Benny Fine breaks down 'MyMusic' season 2, future of 'React' series". Hypable. Retrieved September 19, 2013.
  18. ↑ Gutelle, Sam (July 30, 2013). "Fine Bros Drop 'MyMusic' Season 2 Trailer; More YouTubers To Join Cast". Tubefilter . Archived from the original on July 31, 2013. Retrieved July 30, 2013.
  19. 1 2 "AUDITIONS! (MyMusic Behind the Scenes Ep. 3)". MyMusic. YouTube. February 3, 2013. Archived from the original on February 5, 2013. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
  20. 1 2 3 Eifler, Emily (July 11, 2013). "Binge on 'MyMusic' in Time for Season Two". KQUED. Archived from the original on March 25, 2019. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  21. ↑ Love, Dylan (August 21, 2013). "Internet TV Skeptics Need To Check Out How The Fine Brothers Run Their YouTube Show". Business Insider . Archived from the original on August 21, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  22. ↑ Sam Gutelle (August 20, 2013). "Fine Bros Debut MyMusic Season 2 With New Characters, More Transmedia". Tubefilter. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  23. ↑ "Mainstream Space Book". MainstreamSpaceBook. Archived from the original on October 19, 2012. Retrieved June 16, 2013.
  24. ↑ "Emmet Allan "Metal" K.'s Profile". Yelp. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
  25. ↑ "Norma Haish". LinkedIn. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
  26. ↑ "Me Against the World (of Warcraft)". Tumblr. Archived from the original on January 6, 2013. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
  27. ↑ "IndieMadeMeMakeThis". Spotify. Archived from the original on November 27, 2012. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
  28. ↑ Whyte, Marama (August 20, 2013). "'MyMusic' season 2 premieres! Plus: New casting and behind-the-scenes photos". Hypable. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
  29. ↑ O'Neill, Megan (August 28, 2013). "The Fine Brothers on Engaging with Fans Beyond YouTube". SocialTimes . Adweek. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved August 31, 2013.
  30. 1 2 Gutelle, Sam (December 11, 2012). "Fine Bros' MyMusic Channel Expands Reach Beyond Titular Web Series". Tubefilter . Archived from the original on December 13, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2012.
  31. ↑ Lieberman, David (December 21, 2012). "Deadline's YouTube Channel Rankings". Archived from the original on July 14, 2017. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  32. ↑ Christian, Aymar Jean (December 13, 2012). "Will YouTube Renew Its Most Ambitious Sitcom?". Televisual. Archived from the original on December 16, 2012. Retrieved June 16, 2013.
  33. ↑ "MyMusicShow YouTube Stats – March 23, 2014 archive". Social Blade. Archived from the original on March 23, 2014.
  34. ↑ "MyMusicShow YouTube Stats, Channel Statistics". Social Blade. 2019. Archived from the original on 30 October 2019. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  35. ↑ "MyMusicShow Monthly YouTube Statistics − July 16, 2014 archive". Social Blade. Archived from the original on July 16, 2014.
  36. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Gutelle, Sam (December 17, 2012). "The Nominees for the 3rd Annual Streamy Awards Are…". Tubefilter . Archived from the original on January 4, 2013. Retrieved December 19, 2012.
  37. 1 2 3 4 McMillan, Graeme (December 18, 2012). "MyMusic, Halo 4 top nominations for the 2013 Streamy Awards". Digital Trends . Archived from the original on January 10, 2014. Retrieved August 31, 2013.
  38. 1 2 3 Manarino, Matthew (November 12, 2012). "Break Out The Award Polish And Kleenex: The IAWTV Award Nominees Are In". NewMediaRockstars . Archived from the original on November 15, 2012. Retrieved July 30, 2013.
  39. ↑ "3rd Annual Nominees & Winners". Streamy Awards. Archived from the original on May 15, 2013. Retrieved August 31, 2013.
  40. ↑ "2014 IAWTV Awards Nominees & Winners (with links)". International Academy of Web Television. Archived from the original on December 28, 2014. Retrieved March 23, 2014.
  41. 1 2 3 "4th Annual Streamy Awards Nominees". Streamys. Archived from the original on February 6, 2015. Retrieved August 18, 2014.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.