Formerly | Vialight Communications (2009–2017) |
---|---|
Company type | Public |
Nasdaq: MYNA | |
ISIN | DE000A31C305 |
Industry | Aerospace, Telecommunications equipment, Networking equipment |
Founded | 2009 |
Headquarters | Munich (Germany), Hawthorne, California & Washington, D.C. (United States) |
Products | Laser communication equipment for aircraft and satellites, Optical ground stations |
Subsidiaries | Mynaric USA |
Website | mynaric |
Mynaric AG is a manufacturer of laser communication equipment for airborne and spaceborne communication networks, so called constellations.
In 2009, Mynaric was founded by former employees of the German Aerospace Center (DLR), [1] and some of the key technologies have been licensed from DLR. [2]
In November 2013, Mynaric demonstrated for the first time successful laser communication from a jet platform Tornado. A data rate of 1 Gbit/s over a distance of 60 km was achieved at a flight speed of 800 km/h. [3] [4] In October 2017, Mynaric performed an IPO at the Frankfurt Stock Exchange raising 27.3M € of growth capital. [5] [6]
In February 2018, Mynaric's laser communication products were inducted into the Space Technology Hall of Fame of the Space Foundation, [2] [7] and in April 2018, Mynaric announced a partnership with CEA-Leti regarding highly sensitive avalanche photodiodes that may enable longer link distances and reduced system complexity. [8] [9] In June 2018, Facebook's Connectivity Lab (related to Facebook Aquila) was reported to have achieved a bidirectional 10 Gbit/s air-to-ground connection with Mynaric's products. [10]
In March 2019, Mynaric announced that former SpaceX Starlink vice president Bulent Altan joins its management board and that it has raised additional $12.5 million funding from the lead investor of an undisclosed satellite constellation. [11] [12]
In November 2021, Mynaric listed on Nasdaq and raised $75.9 million growth capital drawing Peter Thiel and ARK Invest as new investors. [13] [14] The company was also selected by Northrop Grumman as strategic supplier for laser communications and, subsequently, in June 2022, completed a ground demonstration of laser terminals that will be used to send and receive data in space as part of the U.S. National Defense Space Architecture. [15] In July 2022, Mynaric received a strategic investment of $11.4 million from L3Harris. [16] By June 2023, the company established itself as a dominant supplier of optical communications terminals for the Space Development Agency's Proliferated Warfighter Space Architecture, a large global satellite constellation. [17]
Mynaric offers various laser communication products for wireless data transmission between aircraft, UAVs, high-altitude platforms (HAPS), satellites and the ground offering Gbps-class wireless data transmission across long distances up to several thousand kilometers. The company focuses on serial production and cost reduction of its laser communication products and targets laser communication enabled airborne and spaceborne communication networks. [1] Mynaric produces laser communication terminals with a data transfer rate of 10 Gbit/s as of early 2019. [18]
Free-space optical communication (FSO) is an optical communication technology that uses light propagating in free space to wirelessly transmit data for telecommunications or computer networking. "Free space" means air, outer space, vacuum, or something similar. This contrasts with using solids such as optical fiber cable.
The Ka band is a portion of the microwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum defined as frequencies in the range 26.5–40 gigahertz (GHz), i.e. wavelengths from slightly over one centimeter down to 7.5 millimeters. The band is called Ka, short for "K-above" because it is the upper part of the original NATO K band, which was split into three bands because of the presence of the atmospheric water vapor resonance peak at 22.24 GHz (1.35 cm), which made the center unusable for long range transmission. The 30/20 GHz band is used in communications satellite uplinks in either the 27.5 GHz or 31 GHz bands, and in high-resolution, close-range targeting radars aboard military airplanes. Some frequencies in this radio band are used for vehicle speed detection by law enforcement. The Kepler Mission used this frequency range to downlink the scientific data collected by the space telescope.
Satellite Internet access is Internet access provided through communication satellites; if it can sustain high speeds, it is termed satellite broadband. Modern consumer grade satellite Internet service is typically provided to individual users through geostationary satellites that can offer relatively high data speeds, with newer satellites using the Ku band to achieve downstream data speeds up to 506 Mbit/s. In addition, new satellite internet constellations are being developed in low-earth orbit to enable low-latency internet access from space.
Optical networking is a means of communication that uses signals encoded in light to transmit information in various types of telecommunications networks. These include limited range local-area networks (LAN) or wide area networks (WANs), which cross metropolitan and regional areas as well as long-distance national, international and transoceanic networks. It is a form of optical communication that relies on optical amplifiers, lasers or LEDs and wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) to transmit large quantities of data, generally across fiber-optic cables. Because it is capable of achieving extremely high bandwidth, it is an enabling technology for the Internet and telecommunication networks that transmit the vast majority of all human and machine-to-machine information.
Artemis was a geostationary earth orbit satellite (GEOS) for telecommunications, built by Alenia Spazio for ESA. The Artemis satellite operated at the 21.5E orbital position until 2016, when it was moved to 123E to cover the L-Band spectrum rights for Indonesia's Ministry of Defense.
The European Data Relay System (EDRS) system is a European constellation of GEO satellites that relay information and data between satellites, spacecraft, UAVs, and ground stations. The first components were launched in 2016 and 2019.
Stellar Project is a space technology startup manufacturing laser communication equipment and providing optical satellite communication equipment.
Optical wireless communications (OWC) is a form of optical communication in which unguided visible, infrared (IR), or ultraviolet (UV) light is used to carry a signal. It is generally used in short-range communication.
Laser communication in space is the use of free-space optical communication in outer space. Communication may be fully in space or in a ground-to-satellite or satellite-to-ground application. The main advantage of using laser communications over radio waves is increased bandwidth, enabling the transfer of more data in less time.
Starlink is a satellite internet constellation operated by Starlink Services, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of American aerospace company SpaceX, providing coverage to 102 countries. It also aims to provide global mobile broadband.
Kepler Communications Inc. is an international satellite telecommunications company based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, with presence in the UK and the USA. The company's stated mission is to create the internet for space and allow-in-space communications for the future space economy. It has also worked on building a satellite network for IoT communication systems.
A satellite internet constellation is a constellation of artificial satellites providing satellite internet service. In particular, the term has come to refer to a new generation of very large constellations orbiting in low Earth orbit (LEO) to provide low-latency, high bandwidth (broadband) internet service. As of 2020, 63 percent of rural households worldwide lack internet access due to the infrastructure requirements of underground cables and network towers. Satellite internet constellations offer a low-cost solution for expanding coverage.
Kuiper Systems LLC, also known as Project Kuiper, is a subsidiary of Amazon that was established in 2019 to deploy a large satellite internet constellation to provide low-latency broadband internet connectivity. The name Kuiper was a company codename for the project inspired by the outer Solar System's Kuiper belt.
L3Harris Technologies, Inc. is an American technology company, defense contractor, and information technology services provider that produces command and control systems and products, wireless equipment, tactical radios, avionics and electronic systems, night vision equipment, and both terrestrial and spaceborne antennas for use in the government, defense, and commercial sectors.
Warpspace is a private Japanese company developing an inter-satellite communication system based on laser communication. Warpspace is developing a medium Earth orbit satellite, WarpHub InterSat, which will communicate with other satellites in low Earth orbit using optical communication, then pass on the received data to ground stations.
The German Flying Laptop satellite, launched on 14 July 2017 on a Soyuz-2.1a launch vehicle from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, hosts the OSIRISv1 laser communications experiment. The satellite has a total mass of 110 kg. It operates at a 600 kilometres (370 mi) Sun-synchronous orbit with an inclination of 97.6 degrees.
Optical Space Infrared Downlink System (OSIRIS) is an experimental program of DLR's Institute of Communications and Navigation.
The Space Development Agency (SDA) is a United States Space Force direct-reporting unit tasked with deploying disruptive space technology. One of the technologies being worked on is space-based missile tracking using large global satellite constellations made up of industry-procured low-cost satellites. The SDA has been managed by the United States Space Force since October 2022. By February 2024 the SDA had 33 satellites on orbit. SDA intends to have at least 1,000 satellites in low Earth orbit by 2026.
Bulent Altan is a Turkish-American aerospace executive and engineer, known for his significant contributions to SpaceX, an American aerospace manufacturer and space transportation services company headquartered in Hawthorne, California. He was also CEO of laser communications manufacturer Mynaric and is founding partner of venture capital firm Alpine Space Ventures.
Starshield is a business unit of SpaceX for the creation of purpose-built low-Earth-orbit satellites designed to provide new "disruptive" military space capabilities to U.S. and allied governments. Starshield was adapted from the global communications network Starlink but brings additional capabilities such as target tracking, optical and radio reconnaissance, and early missile warning. Primary customers include the Space Development Agency, National Reconnaissance Office and the United States Space Force. As of 2024, at least 16 Starshield satellites have been launched, with an unknown number of additional satellites being launched in May as part of NROL-146.