NGC 3978

Last updated
NGC 3978
NGC 3978 SDSS.jpg
Sloan Digital Sky Survey image of spiral galaxy NGC 3978 (center) and NGC 3975 (right)
Observation data
Constellation Ursa Major
Right ascension 11hr 56m 10.320s
Declination +60d 31m 21.11s
Redshift 0.033176
Heliocentric radial velocity 9,946 km/s
Distance 459 Mly (140.7 Mpc)
Apparent magnitude  (V)13.4
Characteristics
Type SABbc, HII, SABbc?
Size227,000 ly (approximately 69.62 kpc)
Apparent size  (V)1.29 x 1.16 arcmin
Other designations
PGC 37502, UGC 6910, CGCG 292-047, MCG +10-17-105, 2MASX J11561045+6031300, 2MASS J11561030+6031209, HOLM 306A, IRAS 11535+6047, SDSS J115610.31+603121.1, NVSS J115610+603121, 6C B115332.3+604801, [TTL2012] 088320, NFGS 100, ASK 213392.0, MaNGA 01-617857, LEDA 37502

NGC 3978 is a large intermediate spiral galaxy with a bar [1] located in the constellation of Ursa Major. [2] It is located 460 million light-years away from the Solar System [3] and was discovered by William Herschel on March 19, 1790, but also observed by John Herschel on April 14, 1831. [4]

NGC 3978 has a luminosity class of II-III and it has a broad H II region which contains regions of ionized hydrogen. [3] In addition, it is categorized as a LINER galaxy by SIMBAD, [5] meaning its nucleus presents an emission spectrum which is characterized by broad lines of weakly ionized atoms. [5]

According to Vaucouleurs and Corwin, NGC 3978 and NGC 3975 form a galaxy pair with each other. [6]

Supernovae

Two supernovae were discovered in NGC 3978: SN 2003cq and SN 2008l.

SN 2003cq

SN 2003cq [7] was discovered on March 30, 2003, by British astronomer Ron Arbour. [8] It was located 32".0 east and 2".3 south of the nucleus with a magnitude of 17.1. [9] This supernova was Type Ia. [7] [10]

SN 2008I

SN 2008I was discovered by astronomers P. Thrasher, W. Li, and A. V. Filippenko as part of Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS) on January 2, 2008. [11] It was located 3".7 west and 10."4 north of the nucleus with magnitude of 19.1. [12] The supernova was Type II [13] which possibly resulted from a collapse of a massive star. [14]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1187</span> Barred spiral galaxy in Eridanus

NGC 1187 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 60 million light-years away in the constellation of Eridanus. It was discovered on December 9, 1784 by the astronomer William Herschel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3336</span> Galaxy in the constellation Hydra

NGC 3336 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 190 million light-years away in the constellation Hydra. It was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 24, 1835. NGC 3336 is a member of the Hydra Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1282</span> Galaxy in the constellation Perseus

NGC 1282 is an elliptical galaxy located about 230 million light-years away in the constellation Perseus. It was discovered by astronomer Guillaume Bigourdan on October 23, 1884. NGC 1282 is a member of the Perseus Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3841</span> Galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3841 is an elliptical or lenticular galaxy located about 300 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. It was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 25, 1827 is a member of the Leo Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3873</span> Galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3873 is an elliptical galaxy located about 300 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on May 8, 1864. NGC 3873 is a member of the Leo Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4076</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4076 is a spiral galaxy located 290 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 27, 1785 and is a member of the NGC 4065 Group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 918</span> Barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Aries

NGC 918 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Aries, about 67 million light years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by John Herschel on Jan 11, 1831.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 6122</span> Galaxy in the constellation Corona Borealis

NGC 6122 is a spiral galaxy located around 484 million light-years away in the constellation Corona Borealis. NGC 6122 was discovered on May 6, 1886 by the astronomer Guillaume Bigourdan, and its diameter is 211,000 light-years. NGC 6122 is not known to have much star-formation, and does not have an active galactic nucleus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7828</span> Galaxy in the constellation Cetus

NGC 7828 is a peculiar galaxy in the constellation Cetus. The galaxy lies about 300 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 7828 is approximately 75,000 light years across. It was discovered by American astronomer Francis Leavenworth in 1886. NGC 7828 forms a pair with its neighbor NGC 7829. The galaxy is included in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies in the elliptical galaxies emanating material category as Arp 144.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 6261</span> Galaxy in the constellation Hercules

NGC 6261 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation of Hercules. It is located 470 million light-years away from the Solar System and has an approximate diameter of 200,000 light-years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 4040</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

IC 4040 is a type SABc spiral galaxy with a bar in Coma Berenices. It is located 353 million light-years away from the Solar System and has an estimated diameter of 105,000 light-years making it slightly larger than the Milky Way. IC 4040 was discovered on April 12, 1891, by Guillaume Bigourdan and is a member of the Coma Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3746</span>

NGC 3746 is a large barred spiral galaxy with a ring structure located in the Leo constellation. It is located 449 million light-years from the Solar System and has an approximate diameter of 165,000 light-years. NGC 3746 was discovered by Ralph Copeland on 9 February 1874 with subsequent observations made by Hermann Kobold, Lawrence Parsons and John Louis Emil Dreyer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 2759</span> Elliptical galaxy in the constellation of Leo

IC 2759 is a small type E elliptical galaxy located in the constellation of Leo. It is located 350 million light-years away from the Solar System and was discovered on April 24, 1897, by Guillaume Bigourdan. Sometimes IC 2759 is confused with the spiral galaxy, PGC 34882 which is located south of the galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3509</span>

NGC 3509 known as Arp 335, is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Leo. It is located 340 million light-years from the Solar System. NGC 3509 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on December 30, 1786.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 5145</span>

IC 5145 is a type Sab spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pegasus. It is located 356 million light-years from the Solar System and was discovered by Edward Emerson Barnard, although the year he discovered it is unknown.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7222</span> Large barred spiral galaxy with a ring structure

NGC 7222 is a large barred spiral galaxy with a ring structure, located in the constellation Aquarius. It is located 570 million light-years away from the Solar System and was discovered by German astronomer, Albert Marth on August 11, 1864.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 2498</span>

IC 2498 known as PGC 27668, is a type Sb barred spiral galaxy located in constellation Leo. It is located 469 million light-years away from the Solar System and was discovered by Stephane Javelle on April 30, 1896.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">UGC 9684</span> Galaxy located in Boötes

UGC 9684 is a barred spiral galaxy with a ring structure in the Boötes constellation. It is located 250 million light-years from the Solar System and has an approximate diameter of 90,000 light-years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 1050</span>

IC 1050 is a type Sbc spiral galaxy located in constellation Boötes. It is located 491 million light-years from the Solar System and has an approximate diameter of 130,000 light-years. IC 1050 was discovered by Stephane Javelle on June 3, 1892.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 4588</span>

IC 4588 is a type E elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Serpens. It is located 729 million light-years from the Solar System and has a dimension of 0.30 x 0.3 arcmin meaning its diameter is 64,000 light-years across. IC 4588 was discovered by Stephane Javelle on July 15, 1903.

References

  1. ↑ "HyperLeda -object description". atlas.obs-hp.fr. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  2. ↑ "NGC 3978". spider.seds.org. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  3. 1 2 "Your NED Search Results". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  4. ↑ "New General Catalog Objects: NGC 3950 - 3999". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  5. 1 2 "NGC 3978 - LINER-type Active Galaxy Nucleus". simbad.u-strasbg.fr. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  6. ↑ de Vaucouleurs, G.; de Vaucouleurs, A.; Corwin, H. G., Jr. (1976-01-01). Second reference catalogue of bright galaxies. Containing information on 4,364 galaxies with references to papers published between 1964 and 1975. Bibcode:1976srcb.book.....D.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. 1 2 "SN 2003cq | Transient Name Server". www.wis-tns.org. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  8. ↑ "Ron Arbour - Supernova hunter and astrophotographer". mstecker.com. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  9. ↑ "Bright Supernovae - 2003". www.rochesterastronomy.org. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  10. ↑ Pan, Yen-Chen (2020). "High-velocity Type Ia Supernova Has a Unique Host Environment". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 895 (1): L5. arXiv: 2004.14544 . Bibcode:2020ApJ...895L...5P. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab8e47 .
  11. ↑ "SN 2008I". w.astro.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  12. ↑ "Bright Supernovae - 2008". www.rochesterastronomy.org. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  13. ↑ "SN 2008I | Transient Name Server". www.wis-tns.org. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  14. ↑ "Type II Supernovae - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics". www.sciencedirect.com. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.