| Blackspotted numbfish | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Order: | Torpediniformes |
| Family: | Narcinidae |
| Genus: | Narcine |
| Species: | N. timlei |
| Binomial name | |
| Narcine timlei | |
| Synonyms | |
Raja timlei Contents | |
Narcine timlei, the blackspotted numbfish, black-spotted electric ray, Indian electric ray, largespotted numbfish or spotted numbfish, [3] is a species of numbfish in the family Narcinidae.
Narcine timlei grows to a maximum length of 38 cm. [4] Antimicrobial compounds can be found in Narcine timlei. [5] The epitopes of N.timlei have remained remarkably conserved throughout evolution. [6]
This species is found in coastal regions and also offshore in the Indo-West Pacific, from Pakistan to the Philippines. [4] Narcine timlei is found in inshore marine waters and can withstand salinity up to 35 parts per thousand. [7]
Narcine timlei is host to a number of parasites including:
Electrophorus electricus is the best-known species of electric eel. It is a South American electric fish. Until the discovery of two additional species in 2019, the genus was classified as the monotypic, with this species the only one in the genus. Despite the name, it is not an eel, but rather a knifefish. It is considered as a freshwater teleost which contains an electrogenic tissue that produces electric discharges.
The electric rays are a group of rays, flattened cartilaginous fish with enlarged pectoral fins, composing the order Torpediniformes. They are known for being capable of producing an electric discharge, ranging from 8 to 220 volts, depending on species, used to stun prey and for defense. There are 69 species in four families.
Narcinidae, or numbfishes, are a family of electric rays. They are bottom-dwelling cartilaginous fishes with large, rounded pectoral fin discs and long tails. They can produce an electric discharge for defense, from which their scientific name is derived.
The apron ray is a small electric ray in the numbfish family, Narcinidae, known for being able to generate electric shocks for defense. It is one of two species in the genus Discopyge.
The Colombian electric ray is a species of fish in the family Narcinidae endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitat is open seas.
The brownband numbfish is a species of fish in the family Narcinidae found in eastern Colombia, Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago. Its natural habitat is open seas.
The ocellated electric ray or bullseye electric ray is a species of electric ray in the family Narcinidae, native to the shallow inshore waters of the eastern central Pacific from the Gulf of California to Ecuador. Reaching 25 cm (9.8 in) in length, this species has a rounded pectoral fin disc and pelvic fins with convex margins. Its short and thick tail bears two dorsal fins and terminates in a triangular caudal fin. The ocellated electric ray is named for the distinctive large eyespot on the middle of its disc, consisting of a black or yellow center surrounded by concentric rings. Its dorsal coloration is otherwise highly variable, ranging from plain to ornately patterned on a light to dark brown background. The front part of its disc is darker brown.
The shortlip electric ray, Narcine brevilabiata is a species of electric ray in the numbfish family, Narcinidae. It may be synonymous with the blackspotted numbfish, Narcine maculata. The shortlip electric ray is found in shallow continental shelf waters offshore of China, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam, at a depth of 41 to 70 meters. It is assessed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, as it is caught as by-catch in large numbers by shrimp trawling fisheries operating throughout its range.
Narcine is a genus of electric rays in the family Narcinidae. These species have a rounded pectoral fin disc and two dorsal fins, the first usually smaller than the second and placed behind the pelvic fin bases. The tail is longer than the disc and has a lateral fold. The spiracles are close behind the eyes, the nasal flaps are merged into a flap in front of the mouth. The teeth are nearly flat, with a central point.
The Florida torpedo is a rare and little-known species of electric ray in the family Torpedinidae. It is known only from two specimens and a some wild sightings. Torpedoes have been recorded from three scattered locations in the Florida Straits and the western Caribbean Sea, and appear to inhabit coral habitats.
The black-spotted torpedo, Torpedo fuscomaculata, is a poorly known, uncommon species of electric ray in the family Torpedinidae, known for being capable of generating an electric shock. It is endemic to southern Africa and possibly several small Indian Ocean islands, although the latter reports may represent undescribed new species. Its appearance is similar to the Gulf torpedo, but it is duller in coloration.
Minaprine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor antidepressant drug that was used in France for the treatment of depression until it was withdrawn from the market in 1996 because it caused convulsions.
Narcine entemedor, the giant electric ray or Cortez electric ray, is a species of numbfish, family Narcinidae, native to the eastern Pacific Ocean from the Gulf of California to Panama. It is found in shallow water on sandy bottoms and sometimes adjacent to reefs. This species is closely related to the lesser electric ray from the western Atlantic, and may represent the same species. The specific epithet entemedor seems to be the Spanish equivalent of "intimidator".
Ibogamine is an anti-convulsant, anti-addictive, CNS stimulant alkaloid found in Tabernanthe iboga and Crepe Jasmine. Basic research related to how addiction affects the brain has used this chemical.
The lesser electric ray, also known as the Brazilian electric ray, small electric ray, spotted torpedo ray, torpedofish or trembler, is a species of numbfish in the family Narcinidae found on the western coastal fringes of the Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. It is a small slow-moving fish, living in the surf zone of sandy or muddy beaches. Here it is easily caught as bycatch by shrimp fisheries and seine netters. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated it as being of "least concern".
Narcine brasiliensis, the Brazilian electric ray or lesser numbfish, is a species of electric ray in the family Narcinidae. It inhabits coastal waters of the Southwest Atlantic from souther Brazil through Uruguay to northern Argentina.
The Japanese sleeper ray is a species of electric ray in the family Narkidae. It is common in the inshore and offshore waters of the northwestern Pacific Ocean from southern Japan to southern China. Growing up to 40 cm (16 in) long, the Japanese sleeper ray has a nearly circular pectoral fin disc colored reddish to chocolate brown above, sometimes with darker or lighter spots, and lighter brown below. The spiracles behind its small eyes have raised, smooth rims. Its short and muscular tail bears a single dorsal fin positioned aft of the rounded pelvic fins, and terminates in a large caudal fin.
The Tasmanian numbfish is a species of electric ray in the family Narcinidae. Endemic to southeastern Australia, this common ray inhabits shallow continental shelf waters in the southern portion of its range and deeper continental slope waters in the northern portion of its range. It prefers sand and mud habitats. This species can be identified by its spade-shaped pectoral fin disc with concave anterior margins, long tail with well-developed skin folds along either side, and plain dark brown dorsal colouration. Its maximum known length is 47 cm (19 in).
Narcine brunnea, the brown numbfish or brown electric ray, is a species of numbfish in the family Narcinidae. It is found in Indo-West Pacific countries such as Pakistan off coast, India, Sri Lanka, to the Gulf of Thailand. They mainly live in continental waters, both inshore and offshore. The maximum length is about 22 cm (8.7 in).
Benthobatis moresbyi, commonly known as the dark blindray, dark blind ray, or the Indian blind numbfish, is an electric ray species in the family Narcinidae. Moresbyi, was the captan of R.I.M.S. Investigator, the vessel of Indian Navy for surveying deep-water, Therefore, the species recognized with the name Benthobatis moresbyi.
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