The National Rally,known as the National Front from 1972 to 2018,is a French far-right political party,described as right-wing populist and nationalist. It is the single largest parliamentary opposition party in the National Assembly since 2022. Its candidate was defeated in the second round in the 2002,2017 and 2022 presidential elections. It opposes immigration,advocating significant cuts to legal immigration,protection of French identity,and stricter control of illegal immigration. The party advocates a "more balanced" and "independent" French foreign policy,opposing French military intervention in Africa while supporting France leaving NATO's integrated command. It also supports reform of the European Union (EU) and its related organisations,as well as economic interventionism,protectionism,and zero tolerance for breaches of law and order.
The Reformist Movement is a liberal French-speaking political party in Belgium,which includes social-liberal and conservative-liberal factions. Stemming from the Belgian Liberal Party founded in 1846,the MR is one of the oldest parties on the European continent.
The National Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral French Parliament under the Fifth Republic,the upper house being the Senate. The National Assembly's legislators are known as députés,meaning "delegate" or "envoy" in English;etymologically,it is a cognate of the English word deputy,the standard term for legislators in many parliamentary systems.
The president of Haiti,officially called the president of the Republic of Haiti,is the head of state of Haiti. Executive power in Haiti is divided between the president and the government,which is headed by the prime minister of Haiti.[A133] The Transitional Presidential Council has been exercising the powers of the presidency since 25 April 2024. It has a mandate to act that concludes on 7 February 2026.
Marie-Arlette Carlotti is a French politician of the Socialist Party (PS) who has been serving as a member of the French Senate since 2020,representing Bouches-du-Rhône. She previously was a Member of the European Parliament from south-east of France.
The Chamber of Representatives is one of the two chambers in the bicameral Federal Parliament of Belgium,the other being the Senate. It is considered to be the "lower house" of the Federal Parliament.
Nathalie Geneviève Marie Kosciusko-Morizet,often referred to by her initials NKM,is an engineer and former politician.
Roger Karoutchi is a French teacher and politician who has been serving as the first Vice President of the French Senate since 2020. He previously served as the French Ambassador to the OECD and as Secretary of State to the French Prime Minister,with responsibility for Relations with Parliament.
Pierre Nzé is a Congolese politician and diplomat. During the single-party rule of the Congolese Labour Party (PCT),he held leading positions in the government and party. Later,he was Minister of State for Justice from 1997 to 1999,and he served in the Senate of the Republic of the Congo from 2002 to 2011.
Gérard Philippe RenéAndréLarcher is a French politician serving as president of the Senate since 2014,previously holding the office from 2008 to 2011. A member of The Republicans,he has been a Senator for the Yvelines department since 1986,with an interruption between 2004 and 2007,when he was Minister for Employment,Labour and Professional Integration of Young People under President Jacques Chirac. Larcher also served as mayor of Rambouillet from 1983 to 2004 and again from 2007 until 2014.
Bernard Guy Georges Cazeneuve is a French politician and lawyer who served as Prime Minister of France from 6 December 2016 to 15 May 2017. He represented Manche's 5th constituency in the National Assembly from 1997 to 2002 and again from 2007 to 2012,in addition to the department's 4th constituency briefly in 2012 and 2017. For most of his political career,he was a member of the centre-left Socialist Party,but quit in 2022 after disagreeing with the party's decision to join an electoral coalition agreement that included the leftist La France Insoumise.
Catherine Vautrin is a French politician who has been serving as Minister of Labour,Health,Solidarity,and Families in the Bayrou government since 2024.
Franck Alix Georges Riester is a French politician of Renaissance (RE). He has represented the fifth constituency of Seine-et-Marne in the National Assembly since 2024,having previously held the seat from 2017 to 2018 and briefly in 2022.
Joël Giraud is a French politician who briefly served as Minister of Territorial Cohesion and Relations with Local Authorities under Prime Minister Jean Castex in 2022. A member of both Renaissance (RE) and the Radical Movement (MR),he previously represented the 2nd constituency of the Hautes-Alpes department in the National Assembly from 2002 to 2020 and served as Secretary of State for Rurality from 2020 until 2022.
The Republicans is a liberal-conservative political party in France,largely inspired by the tradition of Gaullism. The party was formed in 2015 as the refoundation of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP),which had been established in 2002 under the leadership of then-president of France,Jacques Chirac.
Renaissance (RE) is a political party in France that is typically described as liberal and centrist or centre-right. The party was originally known as En Marche ! (EM) and later La République En Marche !,before adopting its current name in September 2022. RE is the leading force of the centrist Ensemble coalition,coalesced around Emmanuel Macron's original presidential majority.
Annie Marguerite Alice Genevard is a French politician who has represented the 5th constituency of the Doubs department in the National Assembly since 2012. In addition to her parliamentary service,she has been secretary-general of The Republicans (LR) under party leaders Laurent Wauquiez (2017–2019) and Éric Ciotti (2023–present). From 4 July 2022 until 11 December 2022,she was the ad interim party leader following the resignation of Christian Jacob,in her role as first party vice president,which she had held since 6 July 2021.
Olivier Véran is a French neurologist and politician. He served as Minister of Solidarity and Health from 2020 to 2022 under Prime Ministers Édouard Philippe and Jean Castex,becoming a key figure during the COVID-19 pandemic in France. Subsequently,he held the positions of Minister Delegate for Relations with Parliament and Democratic Life and Minister Delegate for Democratic Renewal and Spokesperson of the Government (2022–2024) in the government of Prime Minister Élisabeth Borne.
The Senate Republicans,formerly the Union for a Popular Movement group,is a parliamentary group in the French Senate including representatives of The Republicans (LR),formerly the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP). It is currently the largest group in the Senate. Its president has been Bruno Retailleau since 2014.
Ensemble is a liberal political coalition in France created by Emmanuel Macron. Formed in November 2021 as Ensemble Citoyens,it makes up the presidential majority and includes Renaissance,Democratic Movement (MoDem),Horizons,En commun,and the Progressive Federation. The coalition included the parties Agir and Territories of Progress (TDP) until they were merged into the rebranded Renaissance. Ensemble has mainly been described as being centrist,and sometimes as centre-right on the political spectrum.
