Neottieae

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Neottieae
Neottia nidus-avis 1.jpg
Neottia nidus-avis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Neottieae
Lindl. (1826) Orchid. Select. 7, 9 (1826)
Genera [1]
Synonyms
  • Listerinae Lindl. ex Meisn. (1842) Pl. Vasc. Gen., tab diagm., 385 (1842)
  • Limordorinae Benth., (1881) J. Linn. Soc. Bot., 18, 288 (1881)
  • Palmorchideae Dressler, (1979) Selbyana, 5, 205 (1979)

Neottieae is an orchid tribe in the subfamily Epidendroideae. It contains six genera and over 200 species distributed mainly in temperate and subtropical zones of the northern hemisphere. [2] [3] All its members are terrestrial plants, hinting at an early branching with Epidendroideae which is largely an epiphytic group. [4] Neottieae is likely to be the result of a single temperate radiation of epidendroids, although it appears that some lineages in this tribe have crept back into the tropics. [5]

Contents

The genus Thaia had been tentatively included in this tribe, but is now placed in the tribe Thaieae. [1] Palmorchis is sister to the other genera and was moved here from Palmorchideae based on molecular evidence. It is the only group in this tribe that occurs in Central and South America and is morphologically isolated. [3]

Etymology

The name of this tribe was taken from one of its genera: Neottia Guett. (1754). This name refers to the particular shape of the tangled mass of roots of plants in this genus, forming what looks like a bird's “nest”. In Greek "neottia" means "nest". [6] The name Neottia was introduced in the botanical nomenclature by the French naturalist and geologist Jean-Étienne Guettard (1715 - 1786) in 1754; while the name for the tribe was proposed by the English botanist John Lindley (1799 - 1865) in the publication "Orchidearum Sceletos" of 1826. [7]

Description

Plants of this tribe are terrestrial orchids with approximately 85 temperate species. [5] In addition, some of these plants are mycoheterotrophic, i.e. no longer reliant on chlorophyll (genus Neottia and Limodorum). Mycoheterotrophy is common and has independently evolved at least three times in this group. [3]

The height varies from a few centimeters up to about 100 cm (genus Epipactis). The prevalent biological form of the tribe is rhizome geophyte, they are herbaceous perennials with underground buds. The temperate species remain dormant underground when conditions are too cold.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Epidendroideae</span> Subfamily of orchids

Epidendroideae is a subfamily of plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. Epidendroideae is larger than all the other orchid subfamilies together, comprising more than 15,000 species in 576 genera. Most epidendroid orchids are tropical epiphytes, typically with pseudobulbs. There are, however, some terrestrials such as Epipactis and even a few myco-heterotrophs, which are parasitic upon mycorrhizal fungi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vanilloideae</span> Subfamily of orchids

Vanilloideae is one of the subfamilies of orchids belonging to the large family Orchidaceae.

<i>Coelia</i> Genus of orchids

Coelia is a genus of orchids. It had previously been tentatively classified as the only genus of the subtribe Coeliinae of the tribe Epidendreae.

<i>Pogoniopsis</i> Genus of orchids

Pogoniopsis is a genus of orchids. It contains two known species, both endemic to Brazil. It was previously included in the subfamily Vanilloideae, but is now placed in the tribe Triphoreae of the subfamily Epidendroideae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arethuseae</span> Tribe of orchids

Arethuseae is a mid-sized tribe of orchids in the subfamily Epidendroideae. This tribe was initially categorized by John Lindley in 1840. Its largest subtribes are Arethusinae and Coelogyninae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bletiinae</span> Subtribe of orchids

Bletiinae is a small-sized subtribe of orchids in the tribe Epidendreae of the subfamily Epidendroideae.

<i>Wullschlaegelia</i> Genus of orchids

Wullschlaegelia is a genus of orchids,, consisting of two species in the Caribbean Islands and to much of Latin America from southern Mexico to northern Argentina. These are myco-heterotrophic plants, lacking chlorophyll and subsisting entirely on nutrients obtained from soil fungi. The genus has previously been included in the tribe Calypsoeae, but is now included as the only genus in the tribe Wullschlaegelieae, pending further study.

Vargasiella is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It contains two species, both endemic to South America: It has been treated as the only genus in the subtribe Vargasiellinae, but more recently has been included in the subtribe Zygopetalinae.

Thaia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. The sole species is Thaia saprophytica, native to Laos and Thailand.

Risleya is a monotypic genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. The sole species is Risleya atropurpurea. It is native to the Himalayas of Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan, Bhutan, India, Sikkim, Assam and Myanmar. It was previously included in the subtribe Malaxidinae but is now placed in the tribe Collabieae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dendrobieae</span> Tribe of orchids

Dendrobieae is a tribe in the subfamily Epidendroideae, in the family Orchidaceae. The Dendrobieae are mostly tropical, epiphytic orchids which contain pseudobulbs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coelogyninae</span> Subtribe of orchids

The Coelogyninae are an orchid subtribe in the tribe Arethuseae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Calypsoinae</span> Subtribe of orchids

Calypsoinae is an orchid subtribe in the tribe Epidendreae of subfamily Epidendroideae. It has previously been recognized as tribe Calypsoeae in the subfamily Epidendroideae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Triphoreae</span> Tribe of orchids

Triphoreae is an orchid tribe in the subfamily Epidendroideae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gastrodieae</span> Tribe of orchids

Gastrodieae is an orchid tribe in the subfamily Epidendroideae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sobralieae</span> Tribe of orchids

Sobralieae is an orchid tribe in the subfamily Epidendroideae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malaxideae</span> Tribe of orchids

Malaxideae is an orchid tribe in the subfamily Epidendroideae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malaxidinae</span> Subtribe of orchids

Malaxidinae is an subtribe of orchids in the tribe Malaxideae of the subfamily Epidendroideae.

Nervilieae is an orchid tribe in the subfamily Epidendroideae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropidieae</span> Tribe of orchids

Tropidieae is an orchid tribe in the subfamily Epidendroideae.

References

  1. 1 2 Chase, Mark W.; Cameron, Kenneth M.; Freudenstein, John V.; Pridgeon, Alec M.; Salazar, Gerardo; van den Berg, Cássio; Schuiteman, André (2015). "An updated classification of Orchidaceae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 177 (2): 151–174. doi: 10.1111/boj.12234 . ISSN   0024-4074.
  2. ↑ Chase, M.W.; Cameron, K.M.; Freudenstein, J.V.; Pridgeon, A.M.; Salazar, G.; Van Den Berg, C.; Schuiteman, A. (2015). "An updated classification of Orchidaceae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 177 (2): 151–174. doi: 10.1111/boj.12234 .
  3. 1 2 3 Zhou, Ting; Jin, Xiao-Hua (2018). "Molecular systematics and the evolution of mycoheterotrophy of tribe Neottieae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae)". PhytoKeys. 94: 39–49. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.94.21346 . PMC   5799734 . PMID   29416419 . Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  4. ↑ Atwood, J.T. (1986). "The size of the Orchidaceae and the systematic distribution of epiphytic orchids". Selbyana. 9 (1): 171–186.
  5. 1 2 Freudenstein, John V.; Chase, Mark W. (March 2015). "Phylogenetic relationships in Epidendroideae (Orchidaceae), one of the great flowering plant radiations: progressive specialization and diversification". Annals of Botany. 115 (4): 665–681. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcu253 . PMC   4343289 .
  6. ↑ Alrich, Peggy; Higgins, Wesley. "Neottia: A Widespread Northern Genus". AOS (April 2016): 257. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  7. ↑ "Neottieae Lindl". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2 May 2021.


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