Nickel arsenide

Nickel arsenide

Identifiers
CAS Number	1303-13-5
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ECHA InfoCard	100.043.776
EC Number	248-169-1
PubChem CID	62391  (NiAs) 138394006  (Ni5As2)
UNII	2A4QIT3M17
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9067273
InChI InChI=1S/As.Ni Key: UIFOTCALDQIDTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES [Ni].[As]
Properties
Chemical formula	AsNi
Molar mass	133.6150 g·mol−1
Appearance	red solid
Density	7.57 g/cm3
Melting point	968 °C (1,774 °F; 1,241 K)
Solubility in water	nearly insoluble
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H317, H350i, H372, H410
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	6000 mg/kg (acute oral, rat) [1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Nickel arsenide refers to inorganic compounds composed of nickel and arsenic. Several forms exist including a monoarsenide with the chemical formula NiAs and another with the formula Ni₅As₂. ^[2] It is highly toxic and a known carcinogen. ^[3]

Occurrence

Nickel arsenide occurs in the following minerals:

• Nickeline (NiAs) ^[4]
• Orcelite (Ni_5-xAs₂, x ~ 0.25) ^[5]
• Maucherite (Ni₁₁As₈) ^[6]

Preparation

Nickel arsenide can be prepared by direct combination of the elements: ^[7]

Ni(s) + As(s) → NiAs(s)

History

Nickel arsenide was one of the first compounds that revealed the toxicity of nickel. The damage to the miners' lungs was documented by Georgius Agricola in the 16th century: "kupfer-nickel" ores in the Schneeberg mines contained red-colored NiAs mineral originally mistaken for the copper ore, thus the German : kupfer (copper) in the name. The German : Nickel (demon) name was reflecting the damage it did to the health of the workers, ^[8] in addition to them being unable to extract any copper from this ore.

References

1. Reagan, E. L. (1992). "Acute Oral LD₅₀ Study in Rats with Nickel Arsenide". Journal of the American College of Toxicology. 11 (6). SAGE Publications: 695. doi: 10.3109/10915819209142088 . ISSN   0730-0913.
2. Heyding, R. D.; Calvert, L. D. (October 1957). "Arsenides of the transition metals: ii. the nickel arsenides". Canadian Journal of Chemistry. 35 (10): 1205–1215. doi:10.1139/v57-161. ISSN   0008-4042.
3. Gurley, Lawrence; Valdez, Joseph; Miglio, John; Cox, Summers; Tobey, Robert (1986). "Biological availability of nickel arsenides: Cellular response to soluble Ni5As2". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A. 17 (1): 101–117. doi:10.1080/15287398609530806. ISSN   1528-7394.
4. "Nickeline". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 2026-01-23.
5. "Orcelite". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 2026-01-23.
6. "Maucherite". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 2026-01-23.
7. Shriver, D.; Atkins, P. (2009). Shriver and Atkins' Inorganic Chemistry (5th ed.). New York: W. H. Freeman and Company. p. 383. ISBN   978-1-4292-1820-7.
8. Sunderman, F.W. (1989). "A pilgrimage into the archives of nickel toxicology" (PDF). Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science. 19 (1): 1–16. ISSN   0091-7370. PMID   2644888 . Retrieved 2024-10-13.

Further reading

• Thompson, J.G.; Rae, A.D.; Withers, R.L.; Welberry, T.R.; Willis, A.C. (1988-08-10). "The crystal structure of nickel arsenide". Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics. 21 (22). IOP Publishing: 4007–4015. Bibcode:1988JPhC...21.4007T. doi:10.1088/0022-3719/21/22/016. ISSN   0022-3719.