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Public health surveillance is, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), "the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data needed for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice." Public health surveillance may be used to track emerging health-related issues at an early stage and find active solutions in a timely manner. Surveillance systems are generally called upon to provide information regarding when and where health problems are occurring and who is affected.
The Lalonde Report is a 1974 report produced in Canada formally titled A new perspective on the health of Canadians. It proposed the concept of the "health field", identifying two main health-related objectives: the health care system; and prevention of health problems and promotion of good health. The report is considered the "first modern government document in the Western world to acknowledge that our emphasis upon a biomedical health care system is wrong, and that we need to look beyond the traditional health care system if we wish to improve the health of the public.". The Report also recognizes that use of the local Health System shapes how people define their health-related need, options for care and definition of health.
Physicians for a National Health Program (PNHP) is an advocacy organization of more than 20,000 American physicians, medical students, and health professionals that supports a universal, comprehensive single-payer national health insurance program. Since being co-founded in 1987 by physicians David Himmelstein and Steffie Woolhandler, PNHP has advocated for reform in the U.S. health care system.
MEDCIN, a system of standardized medical terminology, is a proprietary medical vocabulary and was developed by Medicomp Systems, Inc. MEDCIN is a point-of-care terminology, intended for use in Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems, and it includes over 280,000 clinical data elements encompassing symptoms, history, physical examination, tests, diagnoses and therapy. This clinical vocabulary contains over 38 years of research and development as well as the capability to cross map to leading codification systems such as SNOMED CT, CPT, ICD-9-CM/ICD-10-CM, DSM, LOINC, CDT, CVX, and the Clinical Care Classification (CCC) System for nursing and allied health.
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Olive M. Whitlock Klump was an American nurse who was the first industrial nurse to work for the United States federal government, as part of the U.S. Public Health Service's Division of Industrial Hygiene, from 1939 to 1943. She later directed the Los Angeles County Health Department's Bureau of Public Health Nursing for over two decades.
References
- ↑ Werley, HH; Devine, EC; Zorn, CR; Ryan, P; Westra, BL (April 1991). "The Nursing Minimum Data Set: abstraction tool for standardized, comparable, essential data". American Journal of Public Health. 81 (4): 421–426. doi:10.2105/ajph.81.4.421. PMC 1405031 . PMID 2003618.
- ↑ Williams, CA (April 1991). "The Nursing Minimum Data Set: a major priority for public health nursing but not a panacea". American Journal of Public Health. 81 (4): 413–414. doi:10.2105/ajph.81.4.413. PMC 1405046 . PMID 2003616.
