Nymphaea maculata

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Nymphaea maculata
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Order: Nymphaeales
Family: Nymphaeaceae
Genus: Nymphaea
Species:
N. maculata
Binomial name
Nymphaea maculata
Schumach. & Thonn. [1]
Synonyms [1]
  • Nymphaea discolor Lehm.
  • Nymphaea poecila Lehm.

Nymphaea maculata is a species of waterlily native to tropical Africa. [1]

Contents

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Nymphaea maculata is a submerged, perennial, aquatic herb [2] with subglobose rhizomes, and many long, filiform roots. The petiolate, ovate-cordate floating leaves [3] have entire margins. The abaxial leaf surface is spotted. [2] The green abaxial leaf surface with black spotting displays prominent, dichotomous, anastomosing venation. [3]

Generative characteristics

The white, or blueish-white flowers are 3-8 cm wide. [2] The flowers have four sepals, [3] and 5-10 petals. [2] The androecium consists of 30 stamens. The ovary is subglobose, and has 14 stigmatic rays. The carpels have slightly incurved teeth. The multilocular, rounded fruit bears numerous small, arillate,rounded seeds. [3]

Reproduction

Generative reproduction

Flowering occurs from February to March. [4]

Taxonomy

Publication

It was first described by Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher and Peter Thonning in 1827. [1]

Etymology

The specific epithet maculata means spotted. [5]

Conservation

In Benin, it is regarded as vulnerable (VU). [6] It will face changes in land use, and habitat fragmentation. [7]

Ecology

Habitat

It occurs in ponds, [8] swamps, [9] [8] permanent spring pools, [10] acid, shallow, oligotrophic pools, and shallow pools in marshes with very dark waters. [11] It occurs sympatrically with Nymphaea lotus . [2]

Use

The rhizome is edible, [12] and the fruits are eaten as well. [13] In Cameroon, Nymphaea maculata is an important melliferous plant for honey production. [14]

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Nymphaea maculata Schumach. & Thonn". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Akobundu, I. O., Agyakwa, C. W. (1987). "A Handbook of West African Weeds." p. 60. Nigeria: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Schumacher, H. C. F. (1827). Beskrivelse af Guineeiske Planter som ere fundne af dankse Botanikere, især af Etatsraad Thonning. pp. 247-248. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/openurl?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.date=1827&rft.spage=247&rft_id=http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/51454&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&url_ver=z39.88-2004
  4. "Phenology and Seasonality Modeling." p. 283. (2013). Deutschland: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
  5. Doi, A. (2000). "Parasikukia maculata, a New Genus and New Species of Cyprinid Fish from Peninsular Thailand." Species Diversity, 5(4), 391-396.
  6. "Stratégie nationale et plan d’actions de gestion durable des écosystèmes de mangroves du Bénin." p. 64. (2020). (n.p.): Food & Agriculture Org..
  7. "Inventaire floristique et faunique des écosystèmes de mangroves et des zones humides côtières du Bénin." p. 53. (2018). (n.p.): Food & Agriculture Org..
  8. 1 2 Engler, A. (1925). "Die Pflanzenwelt Afrikas insbesondere seiner tropischen Gebiete: Grundzüge der Pflanzenverbreitung in Afrika und die Charakterpflanzen Afrikas." pp. 35, 180. Deutschland: W. Engelmann.
  9. "Ressources naturelles et environnement en Afrique." p. 235. (2010). (n.p.): KARTHALA Editions.
  10. "Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung München." p. 53. (1971). Deutschland: H. Merxmüller.
  11. Géhu, J. (2000). "Les données de la phytosociologie sigmatiste: structure, gestion, utilisation." pp. 371, 374. Deutschland: J. Cramer.
  12. Malaisse, F. (2010). "How to live and survive in Zambezian open forest (Miombo ecoregion)." p. 80. Belgien: Presses agronomiques de Gembloux.
  13. Hahn, K., Schmidt, M., & Thiombiano, A. (2018). "The use of wild plants for food: a national scale analysis for Burkina Faso (West Africa)." Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica, 21, 25-33.
  14. Delphine, D. N., & Joseph, T. (2015). Palynological and physicochemical characterization of honey in the Sudano-Guinean zone of Cameroon. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 6(15), 1339.