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Oak Ridge Seminary | |
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General information | |
Type | school |
Location | Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania |
Country | United States |
The Oak Ridge Seminary [2] (Oak Ridge Female Seminary, [3] Oak-Ridge Academy [4] ) was an antebellum school for "young ladies" west of the borough of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. One of 2 girls schools used as an American Civil War hospital [5] for Battle of Gettysburg casualties, the female seminary had also been used as a prison, [6] and General Lee's "Headquarters and tents [were] pitched in the space adjoining Oak Ridge Seminary" [2] (a field was "on the east side of Miss Carrie Sheads' School".) [7]
The first school in the area that would become Gettysburg was at the Mummasburg Road and Carlisle Street intersection [8] on the south side of Stevens Run [9] and by 1835, Gettysburg had five common schools. [10] Earlier girls' schools in the Gettysburg borough included one for which Deacon James H. Marsden "took charge" [11] after teacher applications were requested on June 23, 1829. [12] Marsden held classes "from Sept. 25th, 1829, to April 1st, 1830, in the room, later occupied by the late Judge Wills' law office" (the school was moved to a 1-story frame building on the Eagle Hotel lot.) [11]
By the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg, Rebecca Eyster's Young Ladies Seminary was on the "corner of Washington and High streets" at the "Old Academy Building" [23] built 1813-5 for boys.
The Oakridge Seminary [2] was erected by Herman Haupt, later Professor of Mathematics and Engineering at Pennsylvania College (who had built an earlier structure for his residence** on Seminary Ridge. [4] ) Located near [7] the 1815 Baltimore and Carlisle turnpike, and the 1838 Tapeworm Railroad bed, Haupt's Oakridge Select Academy was advertised in 1843 for "about 16 pupils", [24] and Rev. William Henry Harrison, D.D., taught there prior to licensure in 1845. [25] The school principal was Miss Carrie Sheads when Early's raids in Pennsylvania arrived at Gettysburg on June 26, 1863, [23] and Oak Ridge Academy was at the July 1 battle area which received Confederate cannon fire. [7] (a captured colonel returned to the school for his sword after escaping from Confederates during their retreat. [6] )
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1843 sketch |
*A reunion was photographed in 1915 [26] for Miss Mary McClellan's "private school", [11] which had been near the site of the 1857 high school [27] building on 40 East High Street [28] which became the elementary school [26] when high school classes moved [29] to the borough's east side (1896 [30] "Meade High School Building"). [31]
†The jail built for $3813.12 by 1804 [32] burned in 1850 [33] and the new 1850 1-story jail on East High Street had 13 cells in 1901 [34] (the 1850 jail built for $10,000 became the library.) [32]
**The 1831 [35] Shultz House at "4 West Confederate Avenue" was a differing "OAKRIDGE" property built as Herman Haupt's residence, [4] and sold by Haupt in 1852. [36] The Shultz family occupied the residence at the time of the battle (cf. Sheads and pupils at the Oakridge school), and the Shultz House was for sale in 1869 [37] -70 by Cornelia A. Shultz (Executrix) "within the borough limits". [38] Marked with an 1896 Cast Iron Site ID Tablet by the War Department, [39] [ full citation needed ] the Seminary Ridge home is on private property near the Gettysburg National Military Park and outside of the 1999 boundaries of the Gettysburg Battlefield District. [40] (a borough ordinance designated the Shultz House owned by Edwards in 1972 when "owned by the Gettysburg Lutheran Theological Seminary" as 1 of 38 protected historic structures. [35] The "Shultz Farm" owned by the Maclays was part of a 1976 tour of homes, [41] was denied permission for use as one of the American Youth Hostels in 1984 [42] and is zoned for bed and breakfast operations. [43]
Gettysburg is a borough in Pennsylvania and the county seat of Adams County, Pennsylvania, the United States. As of the 2020 census, the borough had a population of 7,106 people.
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The Sheads House, also known as Oak Ridge Seminary, is an historic, American home that is located in Gettysburg in Adams County, Pennsylvania.
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Schmucker Hall is an American Civil War site listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Adams County, Pennsylvania, that was constructed as the original Gettysburg Theological Seminary building. Used as both a Union and Confederate hospital during the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg, the facility served as the seminary's main building from 1832 to 1895, then as a dedicated dormitory for students until 1951. In 1960, it was leased by the Adams County Historical Society. Beginning in 2006, the Historical Society, along with the Seminary Seminary Ridge Historic Preservation Foundation, rehabilitated the building for adaptive reuse as the Seminary Ridge Museum. The Adams County Historical Society moved into the nearby Wolf House on the seminary campus preceding the renovation. In 2013, on the 150th anniversary of the battle, the Seminary, the Adams County Historical Society and the Seminary Ridge Historic Preservation Foundation opened the building as the Seminary Ridge Museum. The Museum houses displays about many different aspects of the battle, the seminary, the town, and the civil war, and the struggle among faith groups over slavery, as well as offering tours of the cupola. The exhibit and museum have earned international, national and regional awards and the rehabilitation achieved LEED Certification in 2013.
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The Gettysburg Spring Railroad was a Gettysburg Battlefield tourist conveyance in the Battle of Gettysburg, First Day, area. The trolley extended from the western terminus on the east side of Herr Ridge at the Gettysburg Springs Hotel eastward to the Gettysburg borough after crossing Willoughby Run, McPherson Ridge, Pitzer Run, Seminary Ridge, Stevens Run, to the slopes of Baltimore Hill where it turned northward at the borough square to end at the Gettysburg Railroad Station. In addition to a stop at the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg, by 1879 the horse railroad had a stop near Pitzer Run at the "Trotting Park" which was replaced after 1904 with a horse track east of Stevens Run at the county fairgrounds.
Gettysburg Academy was an antebellum boys' boarding school for which the vernacular architecture schoolhouse was the "first home" of the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg and Gettysburg College.
"Oakridge Seminary," of which Miss Carrie Sheads was Principal … General Lee, and his Headquarters and tents pitched in the space adjoining Oak Ridge Seminary(bold font added to the two differing names in the 1910 news article)
On completing his work on the York and Wrightsville Railway, Haupt built a residence near Gettysburg [and] a preparatory school [that] became a school for girls…Oak-Ridge Academy.
On the evening of June 30 Buford's army camped…about 200 yards from the [Oakridge] seminary. This naturally led to much excitement among the young women . . . .
Old Tape Worm Railroad, but crossed from it over a field to the Chambersburg Pike on the east side of Miss Carrie Sheads' School … the Confederate line of battle had been formed on East and West Middle(partial transcript available at ThomasLegion.net, 1999 NPS.gov partial transcription by John Heiser was available 2010-06-01.) Archived December 17, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
Thaddeus Stevens represented Gettysburg and Cumberland Township in the convention of November 4, 1834, and voted for adopting the common school system according to the act of April 1, 1834. On November 28, 1834, the school board of Gettysburg divided the borough into four school districts and established one school for colored children. S. S. King was president, and Robert G. Harper was board secretary. Common schools were opened on January 5, 1835, in Thomas Menargh's house, Mr. Schriener's, Mr. McMillar's, and Mr. McClean's; the colored school in Mrs. Keech's house.
Among these first pupils were Anna M. Swan, Elizabeth Swan, Amelia C. Winrot, Margaret A. McLean and Mary Ann McLean, (daughters of Rev. Charles McLean), Elizabeth McPherson, Catherine McPherson, Matilda E Sowers, Caroline Harpoer,[ verification needed ] Martha Ann Harper, Eveline Macfarland, and Eliza Jane Gourley.
Gentleman, well qualified to instruct FEMALES… Applications made to J. B. McPherson, Cashier of the Bank of Gettysburg
Those persons who have subscribed towards the erection of a Building for a Female School, &c. in Gettysburg, are requested to meet at the Court house this evening, at 6 o'clock, for the purpose of electing Trustees, and adopting regulations for the government of the Institution.(cited by Scott, 1915)
small brick building on East High street
In 1830, adjoining the lot of ground occupied by the county jail on East High street, a female academy was established.
The trustees have succeeded in securing the services of a very competent teacher, Miss Darling…S. S. Schmucker, president. R. G. Harper, secretary. … ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO Carriage without Horse--A very handsome and ingeniously constructed carriage with three wheels, was yesterday evening seen running along the Quays…(Dublin paper.)
The students of Rebecca Eyster's Young Ladies Seminary were studying in this "Old Academy Building" on June 26, 1863. [On] the arrival of the Confederate troops from Seminary Ridge… Mrs. Eyster immediately called her students to the front porch to see . . . and told them, "Children, run home as quickly as you can." . . . During the battle, the building was used as a hospital.NOTE: The source for this quotation is Singmaster's book: "Young Ladies' Seminary on the corner of High and Washington Streets. . . . We were having our regular literary exercises on Friday afternoon, at our Seminary . . . standing on the front portico we beheld in the direction of the Theological Seminary, a dark, dense mass, moving toward town. Our teacher, Mrs. Eyster, at once said: "Children, run home as quickly as you can."
The course of instruction includes English Grammar, Reading, Writing, Bookkeeping Composition Drawing Mathematics, Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, Mineralogy, Geology, Botany Menial and Moral Philosophy, Debates, Declamation, Church History, Ancient and Modern History and Geography. Lectures on Natural Science and Mechanic Arts, Surveying, Engineering, French, Latin, Greek, and German Languages. About 16 pupils are received as boarders. … H. HAUPT, Principal
…he taught several hours every week in the Oakridge Academy, a private school…under the control of Prof. Hermann Haupt. He completed his studies in the fall of 1845, and at once received from the Synod of Maryland, licensure to preach the gospel.
Trostle Shirt Factory ...the white "Union School" building on E. High Street. ... Mrs. Salome Myers Stewart, former assistant principal at the "Union School" during 1863. ... Meade would serve as the high school until 1909.
It was first known as the Gettysburg Female Academy. For years Miss Mary McClellan taught a private school there. . . . A Handsome Granite Monument Now Marks the grave of old John Burns in the Evergreen Cemetery. … [For a Decoration Day speech] The President's train arrived at half past eight in the morning and was stopped west of town near Reynold's avenue…
The jail, which is on East High street, is a handsome and substantial structure of stone and brick. It was erected in 1859 at an original cost of $10,000... It is a one-story building [with cells] 12 feet long by 6 feet wide
Cast Iron Site ID Tablet is a contributing feature to the Gettysburg . . . Historic District which is nationally significant under NR Criteria A, B, C & D. … 1 of 35 Site ID Tablets by US War Dept. Post-Civil War devel. of battlefield contributing to the commemorative landscape. House was part of CS battle lines July 1–4, 1863, sacked & used for hospital purposes. The house is not owned by NPS. . . . 2, Painted raised letter and border inscription tablet, 2'9"x1'8". Mounted on fluted post, 3'3" high.