Oedipina cyclocauda | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Amphibia |
Order: | Urodela |
Family: | Plethodontidae |
Genus: | Oedipina |
Species: | O. cyclocauda |
Binomial name | |
Oedipina cyclocauda | |
Oedipina cyclocauda, commonly known as the Costa Rica worm salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found on the Caribbean slopes of northwestern Panama, eastern Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and northern Honduras. [1] [3] The specific name cyclocauda refers to the circular caudal grooves. [2]
Adult males measure 41–45 mm (1.6–1.8 in) and adult females 42–46 mm (1.7–1.8 in) in snout–vent length; the tail is approximately twice as long as the body (range 1.9–2.2). The snout is somewhat pointed. The eyes are small. The body and the tail are mostly cylindrical; much of the tail is only slightly narrower than the body. There are 19 costal grooves and about 56 to 70 caudal grooves. There are four fingers and five toes that are fused together; no more than one third of any digit is free. Skin is smooth. Dorsal and lateral coloration is grayish slate, turning slightly brownish in the distal half of the tail. [2]
Oedipina cyclocauda occurs in humid lowland forests at elevations generally below 600 m (2,000 ft); Honduran records from elevations up to 1,780 m (5,840 ft) might refer to another species. It is terrestrial and semi-fossorial. [1] The type series was collected from rotting logs in which they appeared to follow tunnels made by beetle larvae (a microhabitat shared with Oedipina gracilis ) and from piles of rotting weeds or stumps. [2] Development is direct, without free-living larval stage. [1]
Oedipina cyclocauda is widely spread but uncommon, except in Honduras where it is fairly common. It is threatened by the loss of trees caused by expansion of agriculture and human settlements, as well as logging; loss of trees causes drying of the soil. It is presumably present in some protected areas. [1]
Oedipina complex, commonly known as the Gamboa worm salamander, is a species of lungless salamander found in western South America from Costa Rica to western Colombia and north-western Ecuador. This species inhabits humid tropical lowland forest where it can be found on the ground, and on bushy vegetation, logs and rocks. It can also be found on forest edges, but it does not survive in degraded areas. Deforestation is a threat to this species.
Teratohyla spinosa is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in the Pacific lowlands of northern and central Ecuador and western Colombia, northward on the Pacific slopes Panama and Costa Rica, as well as on the Caribbean slopes of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras.
Hyalinobatrachium chirripoi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in extreme northern Ecuador, northwestern Colombia, Panama, and Costa Rica, as well as in Honduras. The specific name chirripoi refers to the Chirripó Indians inhabiting the area of the type locality, Suretka in the Talamanca canton of Costa Rica. Common name Suretka glass frog has been coined for it.
The wandering salamander is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is native to California in the United States and is thought to be introduced to British Columbia, Canada, possibly from the importation of oak bark for the tanning industry. Its natural habitat is temperate forests. It is threatened by habitat loss from logging.
Bolitoglossa engelhardti is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found in the extreme south-eastern Chiapas, Mexico, and eastward along the Pacific versant to Volcán Atitlán in south-western Guatemala. It is named for Teodoro Engelhardt, Guatemalan plantation owner who entertained Karl Patterson Schmidt and his expedition. Its common names include Engelhardt's salamander, Engelhardt's mushroomtongue salamander, and Engelhardt's climbing salamander.
Bradytriton is a monotypic genus of salamanders in the family Plethodontidae. it is represented by the species Bradytriton silus, commonly known as the Finca Chiblac salamander, and has been considered the sister taxon of the genus Oedipina. It is found in north-western Guatemala and in Chiapas, south-eastern Mexico.
The Sierra Juarez hidden salamander, also known as the Sierra Juarez moss salamander, or simply Sierra Juarez salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Caribbean slopes of the Sierra de Juarez and Sierra Mazateca, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Álvarez del Toro's hidden salamander, also known as Álvarez del Toro's salamander is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Mexico where it is known from its type locality near Jitotol as well as a nearby site on the Mexican Plateau in the Chiapas state.
Cortes salamander is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found in the Sierra de Omoa in northwestern Honduras and Sierra de Caral in eastern Guatemala, close to the border with Honduras. The vernacular name Cortes salamander refers to the Cortés Department where the type locality is located, whereas the alternative name Cortez' hidden salamander with the spelling "Cortez" and the apostrophe are errors.
Dendrotriton rabbi, commonly known as the Guatemalan bromeliad salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Guatemala and is known from the Montañas de Cuilco, near the Mexican border, and from the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes. Its range might extend into Mexico.
Pseudoeurycea orchileucos, commonly known as the Sierra de Juárez worm salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Oaxaca, Mexico, where it is known from the northern slopes of Sierra de Juarez at elevations of 800–1,390 m (2,620–4,560 ft) above sea level.
Pseudoeurycea orchimelas, commonly known as the San Martin worm salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Veracruz, Mexico, where it is known from the Sierra de los Tuxtlas at elevations of 100–1,300 m (330–4,270 ft) above sea level.
Nototriton brodiei is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Sierra del Merendón and known from its type locality, Sierra de Caral in Izabal Department, eastern Guatemala, and from the Cusuco National Park in northwestern Honduras. The specific name brodiei honors Edmund D. Brodie Jr., an American herpetologist. Common name Cerro Pozo de Agua moss salamander has been coined for it.
Oedipina alfaroi is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found in the Caribbean versant of eastern Costa Rica and northwestern Panama. It is commonly known as the Limon worm salamander.
Oedipina maritima, commonly known as the maritime worm salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Isla Escudo de Veraguas, Panama.
Oedipina taylori, commonly known as Taylor's worm salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is found on the Pacific versant in south-eastern Guatemala, to central to north-eastern El Salvador and adjacent southern Honduras. Honduran populations might represent another species.
Pseudoeurycea altamontana, commonly known as the Morelos salamander or Morelos false brook salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to central Mexico and known from its type locality, Lake Zempoala and from the west slope of Popocatépetl, in the state of Morelos, the extreme east of Mexico State, and southern Mexico City.
Aquiloeurycea galeanae, commonly known as the Galeana false brook salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to north-eastern Mexico and known from higher elevations in the Sierra Madre Oriental of southern Nuevo León as well as adjacent Coahuila and Tamaulipas.
Pseudoeurycea melanomolga, commonly known as the black false brook salamander or black salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Mexico and known from the surroundings of the Cofre de Perote in west-central Veracruz as well as from two localities in the adjacent northeast Puebla.
Pseudoeurycea robertsi is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Mexico and only known from the Nevado de Toluca, near Toluca in the State of Mexico. Its common name is Roberts' false brook salamander. The specific name robertsi honors the collector of the holotype, Mr. Radclyffe Roberts from the Philadelphia Academy of Sciences.