 | |
| Abbreviation | OHPI |
|---|---|
| Formation | 23 January 2012 |
| Founded at | Melbourne, Australia |
| Type | Charity |
| 65155287657 | |
| Legal status | Active |
| Headquarters | Sydney , Australia |
| Location |
|
| Coordinates | Coordinates: 37°53′07″S145°01′18″E / 37.8852°S 145.0218°E |
Official language | English |
| Mark Civitella Martin Splitter Dr Nasya Bahfen Dr David Wishart | |
Key people | Dr Andre Oboler (CEO) |
| Website | www |
Online Hate Prevention Institute (OHPI) is an independent harm prevention charity established in 2012 and based in Australia.
OHPI is recognised by the Government of Australia as a Harm Prevention Charity, listed on the Harm Prevention register by the Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs. [1] OHPI tackles a wide variety of forms of online hate speech. Work on antisemitism has been undertaken for the Global Forum for Combating Antisemitism, [2] while work on Islamophobia has been used by the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. [3] The Institute is recommended as a source of specialist information on cyber Racism by the Australian Human Rights Commission, [4] and the eSafety Commissioner. [5]
The harm prevention charity also publishes a range of briefings and reports documenting examples of online hate. During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, OHPI published a special series of reports documenting the slew of hate speech targeting people of Asian descent and misinformation surrounding the origin of the virus. [6]
On 10 July 2014, Andre Oboler accused Facebook of refusing to enforce its community standards by allowing hate speech to remain online, stating that content is removed in the country where the report originated only and is still visible to others when viewed overseas. [7]
After Facebook decided to remove Holocaust denial content in October 2020, Oboler welcomed cautious optimism about the shift of policy on the platform. Oboler called the changes "certainly very welcome" to The New Daily, but mentioned the public has to "[wait] to see it delivered on, to make sure the change isn't just words." [8]
Oboler presented to the Asia Pacific Regional Forum on Hate Speech, Social Media and Minorities on 20 October 2020. The forum, organised by the Tom Lantos Institute and the United Nations Human Rights Special Rapporteur, sought to address human rights in the greater Asia-Pacific. [9] [10] Oboler spoke alongside representatives of Twitter and the Asia Centre. [11]
Oboler presented at the United Nation's Thirteenth session of the Forum on Minority Issues on 20 November 2020. The forum focused on the theme of Hate Speech, Social Media and Minorities and was organised by the United Nations Human Rights Special Rapporteur on minority issues. [12] Oboler's presentation was part of the agenda item "Towards a safer space for minorities: positive initiatives to address online hate speech: the role of national human rights institutions, human rights organizations, civil society and other stakeholders" where he represented civil society alongside the Commissioner of the Human Rights Commission of Malaysia and the Director of the Facebook Oversight Board Administration. [13] Among other recommendations, Oboler called for governments to support a wider program of work by civil society to tackle online hate. [14]
The Inter-Parliamentary Task Force on Online Antisemitism would also feature Oboler in late 2020, alongside Congresswoman and former Democratic National Committee chair Debbie Wasserman Schultz, Member of Parliament Josh Burns, and former Canadian Member of Parliament Michael Levitt, among many others. [15] [16] The task force addressed vulnerability of Jewish communities, the nature of online Semitism and recommendations for law makers and social media platforms.
The Online Hate Prevention Institute developed a web based application titled Fight Against Hate to track response times by social networks such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube in responding to reports of hate speech. [17]
A hate crime is a prejudice-motivated crime which occurs when a perpetrator targets a victim because of their membership of a certain social group or racial demographic.
Hate speech is defined by the Cambridge Dictionary as "public speech that expresses hate or encourages violence towards a person or group based on something such as race, religion, sex, or sexual orientation". Hate speech is "usually thought to include communications of animosity or disparagement of an individual or a group on account of a group characteristic such as race, colour, national origin, sex, disability, religion, or sexual orientation". Legal definitions of hate speech varies from country to country.
The United Nations Economic and Social Council is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, responsible for coordinating the economic and social fields of the organization, specifically in regards to the fifteen specialised agencies, the eight functional commissions, and the five regional commissions under its jurisdiction.
Xenophobia is the fear or hatred of that which is perceived to be foreign or strange. It is an expression of perceived conflict between an ingroup and an outgroup and may manifest in suspicion by the one of the other's activities, a desire to eliminate their presence, and fear of losing national, ethnic, or racial identity.
Human Rights in China is a New York-based international, Chinese, non-governmental organization with intentions to promote international human rights and facilitate the institutional protection of these rights in the People's Republic of China. HRIC is a member organization of the International Federation for Human Rights. According to Fang Lizhi, HRIC is committed to an independent, non-political, and intelligent approach
The Middle East Media Research Institute is a nonprofit press monitoring and analysis organization co-founded by former Israeli military intelligence officer Yigal Carmon and Israeli-American political scientist Meyrav Wurmser. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., MEMRI publishes and distributes free English-language translations of Arabic, Persian, Urdu, Pashto, and Turkish media reports.
Freedom of information is freedom of a person or people to publish and consume information. Access to information is the ability for an individual to seek, receive and impart information effectively. This sometimes includes "scientific, indigenous, and traditional knowledge; freedom of information, building of open knowledge resources, including open Internet and open standards, and open access and availability of data; preservation of digital heritage; respect for cultural and linguistic diversity, such as fostering access to local content in accessible languages; quality education for all, including lifelong and e-learning; diffusion of new media and information literacy and skills, and social inclusion online, including addressing inequalities based on skills, education, gender, age, race, ethnicity, and accessibility by those with disabilities; and the development of connectivity and affordable ICTs, including mobile, the Internet, and broadband infrastructures".
The United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues is the UN's central coordinating body for matters relating to the concerns and rights of the world's indigenous peoples. There are more than 370 million indigenous people in some 70 countries worldwide.
Kenneth S. Stern is an American attorney and an author. He is director of the Bard Center for the Study of Hate, a program of the Human Rights Project at Bard College. From 2014 to 2018 he was executive director of the Justus & Karin Rosenberg Foundation. From 1989 to 2014 he was director on antisemitism, hate studies and extremism for the American Jewish Committee. In 2000, Stern was a special advisor to the defense in the David Irving v. Penguin Books and Deborah Lipstadt trial. His 2020 book, The Conflict Over the Conflict: The Israel/Palestine Campus Debate, examines attempts of partisans of each side to censor the other, and the resulting damage to the academy.
Antisemitism in the United States has existed for centuries. In the United States, most Jewish community relations agencies draw distinctions between antisemitism, which is measured in terms of attitudes and behaviors, and the security and status of American Jews, which are both measured by the occurrence of specific incidents. FBI data shows that in every year since 1991, Jews were the most frequent victims of religiously motivated hate crimes, according to a report which was published by the Anti-Defamation League in 2019. Evidence suggests that the true number of hate crimes against Jews is underreported, as is the case for many other targeted groups.
The Fighting Discrimination Program of Human Rights First focuses on the violence known as hate crimes or bias crimes. Because equality is a cornerstone of human rights protection, discrimination in all its forms is a violation of human rights. Discrimination can take the form of violence generated by prejudice and hatred founded upon a person's race, ethnicity, religious belief, sexual orientation, gender, disability, age or other such factors. Through the Fighting Discrimination Program, Human Rights First seeks to combat discrimination by reversing the tide of antisemitic, anti-immigrant, and anti-Muslim violence and reducing other bias crime in North America, Europe, and the Russian Federation.
Racist rhetoric is distributed through computer-mediated means and includes some or all of the following characteristics: ideas of racial uniqueness, racist attitudes towards specific social categories, racist stereotypes, hate-speech, nationalism and common destiny, racial supremacy, superiority and separation, conceptions of racial otherness, and anti-establishment world-view. Racism online can have the same effects as offensive remarks not online.
AfriForum is a South African non-governmental organisation focused mainly on the interests of Afrikaners, a subgroup of the country's white population. AfriForum has been described as a lobby group. It refers to itself as a civil rights group, but it has critically been described as an Afrikaner nationalist group, a description rejected by the organisation's leadership and various news sources.
Heiko Josef Maas is a German politician who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the fourth cabinet of Angela Merkel from 14 March 2018 to 8 December 2021. He served as the Federal Minister of Justice and Consumer Protection from 17 December 2013 to 14 March 2018. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party.
Online hate speech is a type of speech that takes place online with the purpose of attacking a person or a group based on their race, religion, ethnic origin, sexual orientation, disability, or gender. Online hate speech is not easily defined, but can be recognized by the degrading or dehumanizing function it serves.
The Working Definition of Antisemitism is a non-legally binding statement on what antisemitism is which was adopted by the IHRA Plenary in Bucharest, Romania, on 26 May 2016. The statement reads:
Antisemitism is a certain perception of Jews, which may be expressed as hatred toward Jews. Rhetorical and physical manifestations of antisemitism are directed toward Jewish or non-Jewish individuals and/or their property, toward Jewish community institutions and religious facilities.
The Prevention and Combating of Hate Crimes and Hate Speech Bill is a bill aimed at reducing offensive speech and curbing hate crimes in South Africa. The Bill was introduced in 2016 and sits before the South African National Assembly. Some of the stated intentions of the legislation include to "provide for the prevention of hate crimes and hate speech" and to "provide for effective enforcement measures" against those who express their "prejudice or intolerance towards the victim." The bill has been subject to much debate, with some groups expressing concern over the implications of restricting speech. Others have contended that the bill is necessary given the level of discrimination in South Africa.
Israeli Students combating antisemitism (ISCA) online has been founded in 2011 and operates with the purpose of fighting the growing antisemitism, xenophobia and Holocaust denial on the internet.
#iamhere, also spelt #IAmHere, is a social movement that uses counter-speech to counter hate speech and misinformation on social media, mainly Facebook. It began as a Swedish Facebook group called #jagärhär, and the umbrella organisation for the movement is iamhere international, is headquartered in Sweden. Each affiliate is named in the language of the country, such as #IchBinHier in Germany, and followed by the country name when in English, such as #iamhere India.