Orange B

Last updated
Orange B
Acid Orange 137.png
Orange B ball-and-stick.png
Names
IUPAC name
Disodium 4-[N'-[3-ethoxycarbonyl-5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-pyrazolylidene]hydrazino]-1-naphthalenesulfonate
Other names
C.I. Acid Orange 137; CI 19235
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.035.622 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 239-201-5
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C22H18N4O9S2.2Na/c1-2-35-22(28)20-19(21(27)26(25-20)13-7-9-14(10-8-13)36(29,30)31)24-23-17-11-12-18(37(32,33)34)16-6-4-3-5-15(16)17;;/h3-12,27H,2H2,1H3,(H,29,30,31)(H,32,33,34);;/q;2*+1/p-2/b24-23+;; Yes check.svgY
    Key: LLTKITSFUJSOCC-KPOOZVEVSA-L Yes check.svgY
  • InChI=1/C22H18N4O9S2.2Na/c1-2-35-22(28)20-19(21(27)26(25-20)13-7-9-14(10-8-13)36(29,30)31)24-23-17-11-12-18(37(32,33)34)16-6-4-3-5-15(16)17;;/h3-12,27H,2H2,1H3,(H,29,30,31)(H,32,33,34);;/q;2*+1/p-2/b24-23+;;
    Key: LLTKITSFUJSOCC-AQVGDJFIBI
  • [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)c4ccc(/N=N/c2c(nn(c1ccc(cc1)S([O-])(=O)=O)c2O)C(=O)OCC)c3ccccc34
Properties
C22H16N4Na2O9S2
Molar mass 590.49 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Orange B is a food dye from the azo dye group. It is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use only in hot dog and sausage casings or surfaces, up to 150 parts per million of the finished food weight. It is typically prepared as a disodium salt. [1]

Orange B was first approved by the FDA for use as a certified food dye on January 4, 1966. However, in 1978, the FDA proposed removing it from the list of approved food additives due to concerns over potential carcinogenic contaminants, particularly the presence of 2-naphthylamine. Around the same time, its sole U.S. manufacturer, the William J. Stange Company, ceased production. [2]

On September 17, 2025, the FDA proposed revoking the regulation that authorizes Orange B, after determining that the dye's use has been abandoned by industry and that the regulation is no longer necessary. According to FDA records, no batches of Orange B have been certified or requested since 1978. [3] This proposal is part of a broader initiative, started April 22, 2025, to phase out synthetic dyes in the U.S. food supply. [4]

References

  1. ↑ "Code of Federal Regulations: Title 21, Section 74.250". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 24 December 2012.
  2. ↑ Hathcock, John N. (1982). Nutritional Toxicology. New York: Academic Press. pp. 407–408. ISBN   012332601X.
  3. ↑ "Proposal To Remove the Color Additive Listing for Use of Orange B on Casings or Surfaces of Frankfurters and Sausages". www.regulations.gov. Retrieved 2025-09-20.
  4. ↑ Choi, Joseph (2025-04-22). "FDA announces plans to phase out petroleum-based food dyes". The Hill. Retrieved 2025-04-24.


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