Orlando-class cruiser

HMS Orlando
Class overview
Name	Orlando class
Operators	Royal Navy
Preceded by	Imperieuse class
Succeeded by	Blake class
Built	1885–1889
In commission	1887–1906
Completed	7
Retired	7
General characteristics
Type	First class armoured cruiser
Displacement	5,600 tonnes (5,500 long tons)
Length	300 ft (91 m)
Beam	56 ft (17 m)
Draught	22.5 ft (6.9 m)
Installed power	5,500  hp (4,100 kW) 8,500 hp (6,300 kW) forced-draught
Propulsion	3-cylinder triple-extension steam engines two shafts 4 double-ended boilers
Speed	17 knots (31 km/h) natural draught 18 knots (33 km/h) forced draught
Range	10,000 nautical miles (19,000 km) at 10 knots (19 km/h)
Complement	484
Armament	2 × BL 9.2-inch (233.7 mm) Mk V or VI guns (2 x 1) 10 × BL 6-inch (152.4 mm) guns (10 x 1) 6 × QF 6-pounder (57 mm) guns (6 × 1) 10 × QF 3-pounder (47 mm) Hotchkiss guns (10 × 1) 6 × 18-inch (450-mm) torpedo tubes (4 above water broadside, 1 bow and 1 stern submerged)
Armour	Belt: 10 in (250 mm) Conning tower: 12 in (300 mm)

The Orlando class was a seven-ship class of Royal Navy armoured cruisers completed between 1888 and 1889.

Building Programme

Right elevation and deck plan as depicted in Brassey's naval annual 1888

On 2 December 1884, the Secretary to the Admiralty stated, "The present Board have been gradually developing, and, as I would venture to say, in an effective manner, our resources for the protection of commerce. The late Board of Admiralty laid down an admirable type for the purpose in the Leander class. We have followed in their footsteps by producing the Mersey type, and we now propose to go a step further in the same direction, by laying down vessels of the Mersey class, but protected by a belt in lieu of an armoured deck. The belt will, I think, be approved by my hon. Friend who sits behind me (Sir Edward J. Reed)." ^[1] These belted cruisers were the Orlando class.

The following table gives the build details and purchase cost of the members of the Orlando class. Standard British practice at that time was for these costs to exclude armament and stores. ^[2] In the table:

• Machinery meant "propelling machinery".
• Hull included "hydraulic machinery, gun mountings, etc." ^[3]

Ship	Builder	Maker of Engines	Date of			Cost according to
			Laid Down	Launch	Completion	(BNA 1895) [4]			(BNA 1903) [5]
						Hull	Machinery	Total excluding armament
Orlando	Palmers, Jarrow		23 Apr 1885	3 Aug 1886	June 1888	£206,647	£60,165	£266,812	£303,065
Aurora	Pembroke Dockyard	J&G Thompson	1 Feb 1886	28 Oct 1887	July 1889	£220,550	£64,000	£284,550	£326,110
Australia	Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering, Govan	C & W Earle	21 Apr 1885	25 Nov 1886	October 1888	£195,390	£63,000	£258,390	£299,027
Galatea	Robert Napier and Sons, Govan		21 Apr 1885	10 Mar 1887	March 1889	£195,390	£63,000	£258,390	£291,803
Immortalite	Chatham Dockyard	C & W Earle	18 Jan 1886	7 Jul 1887	July 1889	£221,500	£57,000	£278,500	£332,359
Narcissus	C & W Earle, Hull		27 Apr 1885	15 Dec 1886	July 1889	£195,890	£61,500	£257,390	£300,149
Undaunted	Palmers, Jarrow		23 Apr 1885	25 Nov 1886	July 1889	£195,890	£60,165	£256,055	£300,863

• 
  HMS Aurora
• 
  HMS Australia
• 
  HMS Galatea

See also

• Infanta Maria Teresa-class cruiser: a spanish class armored cruiser inspired design by Orlando class

Notes

1. Hansard HC Deb 02 December 1884 vol 294 c455 House of Commons, the Secretary to the Admiralty, Sir Thomas Brassey.
2. Note that the costs quoted in the 1895 edition and the 1903 edition are not the same. There seems to have been a revision of the costs quoted for British warships in The Naval Annual between the 1902 and 1903 editions, and a further revision between the 1905 and 1906 editions. (The 1906 edition costs cannot be quoted for the Orlando class because the class is not listed in the 1906 edition.)
3. The Naval Annual 1895, p192-200
4. The Naval Annual 1895, pp. 192–200
5. The Naval Annual 1903, pp. 236–243

References

• Brassey, T.A. (ed) The Naval Annual 1895
• Brassey, T.A. (ed) The Naval Annual 1903
• Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M., eds. (1979). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905 . Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN   0-8317-0302-4.
• Friedman, Norman (2012). British Cruisers of the Victorian Era. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Seaforth. ISBN   978-1-59114-068-9.
• Lyon, David; Winfield, Rif (2004). The Sail & Steam Navy List. London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN   1-86176-032-9.
• Silverstone, Paul H. (1984). Directory of the World's Capital Ships. New York: Hippocrene Books. ISBN   0-88254-979-0.