Outward Bound New Zealand (OBNZ) is a non-profit organisation providing experiential education in New Zealand. Its stated goal is to help participants reach their potential "through challenge in the outdoors".[1] In total, more than fifty thousand students have attended the school.[2]
Like other Outward Bound International member organisations, its educational philosophy is derived from the work of German educator Kurt Hahn. Its motto is a favourite saying of his, "plus est en vous" ("there is more in you").[3]
The school is located in Anakiwa. Its governing body, Outward Bound Trust New Zealand, operates from Wellington.
History
The Anakiwa school was founded in 1962 by Christchurch lawyer Hamish Thomas.[4] Thomas had previously visited British Outward Bound schools, and conducted a trial course on Auckland'sMotutapu Island (in 1961). His daughter remarked that he "gave up a successful criminal law practice and a very comfortable existence to do something he truly believed in".[5]
A guest house (originally built by the Beauchamp family, who had farmed Anakiwa since 1863) was purchased and restored using £100,000 in donated funds.[1] The school was opened by then Governor-General of New Zealand Lord Cobham, who landed in the Marlborough Sounds for the occasion on board an RNZAFflying boat accompanied by Prime Minister Keith Holyoake and Leader of the Opposition Walter Nash.[6] It was named "The Cobham Outward Bound School".[7]
The school was intended for young men originally, who attended for a period of 16 days.[8] A regimented programme awaited them. Days would begin with a 4:30 AM wake up, a cross-country run, then into the sea and off to breakfast.[9]
Outward Bound began accepting female students in October 1973.[10]
Curriculum
Parts of the curriculum are deliberately obscured from prospective students. In fact, participants are often kept in the dark about what they will be doing next even while on the course.[11]
However, most courses share activities drawn from a common pool and modified by the capabilities of the participant group: physical training, rock climbing, kayaking, sailing, tramping, and a solo experience.[1] On some courses a half marathon or shorter distance run over part of the Queen Charlotte Track is completed at the end.[12] The outdoor activities are not undertaken with the goal of becoming an expert kayaker, sailor or mountaineer. Rather, they are "the classroom" in which students gain in self-knowledge, confidence, and learn to work together.[9]
Students are organised into "watches" of up to 14, a group they will remain assigned to for the duration of their course. Here watch is used in the nautical sense, "a group of sailors and officers aboard a ship or shore station with a common period of duty". Each watch is named for an iconic figure in New Zealand history; examples include Hillary, Kupe, Batten, and Cobham.[1] Watches sleep together in a "watch house", eat together in the dining hall, and spend most of their time together.[13]
Courses
Broadly, Outward Bound divides course offerings into five categories based on their intended participants: teens, young adults, adults, professionals, and people with disabilities. The 'classic' Outward Bound experience is generally considered to be the 21 day course, offered for teens, young adults, and adults (aged 27 and up). Shorter courses are available, typically lasting five to eight days. These offer a more 'concentrated' version of the curriculum, with some being modified or targeted to particular participants. The organisation also offers to work with participant groups on custom-designed courses tailored to their needs.[1]
Facilities and equipment
The school maintains three 10 metre cutters, small sailing vessels capable of carrying all 14 students in a watch and up to three staff.[14]
The cutters have been part of the school since its inception,[15] and were also called whaleboats.[16] The cutters were based on an old naval design, comparable to the James Caird used to cross part of the southern Atlantic Ocean by Ernest Shackleton.[17] The original clinker built cutters were replaced with a slightly modified fibreglass design in 2012.[18]
The school's quarterly newsletter is named The Cutter.
A small fleet of three powered launches are maintained to complement the cutters. One, Matakana, was originally constructed as a lifeboat for Wahine. Wahine sank before the lifeboat came into service, and subsequently the Union Steam Ship Company donated her to Outward Bound. Staff added an engine, deck and wheelhouse to convert it into a launch, and she remained in service nearly 50 years before the old fleet were replaced with newer Tortuga designs.[19]
Safety
As with many outdoor education activities, Outward Bound participants agree to undertake an increased level of risk when attending their course. The organisation's terms and conditions state in part, "Although we have procedures in place to minimise risk, none of these risks can be completely eliminated. When undertaking any activity, you will be briefed on the risks and how to manage them." They further note that no life-changing injuries have occurred at the school in the past decade.[1]
Perhaps inevitably, students are occasionally injured during activities. Because some activities take place in remote areas of forest and terrain inaccessible to ground vehicles, helicopters are sometimes used to airlift injured participants to treatment at nearby Wairau Hospital.[20] The need to evacuate students in this way is unusual, and they may be able to rejoin their course following assessment.[21]
In 2011 the Outward Bound cutter Matahorua was struck by Delphinus, a 12.9 metre catamaran owned by a Pictonecotourism company. The twelve students on board the cutter were forced into the water after the impact sheared off the cutter's bow. They were later treated for minor injuries. Delphinus' captain was convicted of failing to keep a proper lookout and was ordered to pay reparation.[22]
In its entire history, five participants have died during an Outward Bound course. However, no deaths have occurred at the school since 1993[10] when journalist Suzanne Consedine fell while tramping with her group. These accidents have informed Outward Bound instructor training and curriculum, following a global outdoor education trend away from acceptance of occasional accidental loss of life.[23]
Darryl: An Outward Bound Story
In 2017 New Zealand actor and writer Millen Baird produced and starred in Darryl: An Outward Bound Story, a comedic take on the experience of attending Outward Bound. Baird, an OBNZ alumnus, filmed the series on an 8-day "Discovery" course, which all the New Zealand cast participated in. Speaking of his first Outward Bound experience, Baird remarked, "It kind of set off some sort of light inside me and I took a lot away from it."[24]
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Picton is a town in the Marlborough Region of New Zealand's South Island. The town is located near the head of the Queen Charlotte Sound / Tōtaranui, 25 km (16 mi) north of Blenheim and 65 km (40 mi) west of Wellington. Waikawa lies just north-east of Picton and is considered to be a contiguous part of the Picton urban area.
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Blenheim is the most populous town in the region of Marlborough, in the north east of the South Island of New Zealand. It has an estimated urban population of 30,500. The surrounding Marlborough wine region is well known as the centre of the New Zealand wine industry. It enjoys one of New Zealand's sunniest climates, with warm, relatively dry summers and cool, crisp winters.
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Anakiwa is a coastal residential village in the Marlborough region of New Zealand. It sits at the head of Queen Charlotte Sound/Tōtaranui, one of the Marlborough Sounds, 23 km (14 mi) west of Picton and 18 km (11 mi) east of Havelock. At the 2018 census, the village had a usual resident population of 171.
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↑ editors, Bob Stremba, Christian A. Bisson (2009). Teaching adventure education theory: best practices. Champaign, Ill.: Human Kinetics. p.58. ISBN978-0736071260.{{cite book}}: |last1= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
↑ Mateparae, Jerry (1 September 2012). "Outward Bound 50 year celebration". The Governor-General of New Zealand. Office of the Governor-General. Retrieved 27 May 2018.
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