PSB Insights

Last updated
PSB
TypePublic relations
Founded1977 (1977)
Founder Mark Penn and Douglas Schoen
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Dave Gordon, CEO
Services Market research, strategic communications, advertising
Parent WPP plc
Website www.psbinsights.com

PSB Insights (formerly Penn, Schoen & Berland) is a consultancy firm founded in 1997 by Mark Penn and Douglas Schoen.

Contents

History

Company founders Mark Penn and Douglas Schoen met at the Horace Mann prep school, where they were both students, [1] and they later attended Harvard University together. In 1974, Schoen brought Penn into Hugh Carey's campaign for New York governor, [2] and in 1977, they established the firm. [3] In 1977, Penn and Schoen were hired by consultant David Garth to carry out polling for Ed Koch's campaign for mayor of New York City. [4] [5] The company introduced overnight tracking polls and computer analysis of results, which informed the campaign's media strategy and helped Koch win the election. [6] [7] In the 1980s, they worked for Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin. [6] [8] According to the New York Times, the firm's use of computerized polling analysis and specialized personnel for direct-mail were key innovations in political campaigns of the period. [9]

Michael Berland joined the company in 1990 [10] and it became known as Penn, Schoen & Berland Associates. During the 1990s, the company increasingly focused on corporate clients, [11] but in 1995, Schoen and Penn began working with Bill Clinton, using their experience from the corporate world and previous political clients to advise on his day-to-day communications and his 1996 reelection campaign. [2] [5]

In November 2001, Penn Schoen Berland was acquired by the London-based media and communications company WPP Group plc. [12] Later that year, the company founded its media and entertainment practice. [13] The company then became a division of Burson-Marsteller and part of the Young & Rubicam group of companies. [14]

In July 2012, Mark Penn left both Burson-Marsteller and Penn Schoen Berland Company chairman Donald A. Baer led Penn Schoen Berland following Penn's departure. [15] In October 2012, Burson-Marsteller executive vice president Jay Leveton was named PSB's interim CEO. [16] In December 2019, Peter Horst was named PSB's CEO. [17] In May 2020, PSB rebranded as PSB Insights. The firm has offices in New York City, Washington, Denver, Seattle, Los Angeles, London, and Dubai. [18] Worldwide, PSB has more than 200 consultants. [13]

Campaigns and elections

Bill Clinton

PSB was hired by the Clinton administration in 1995 to help change the White House political strategy leading up to the 1996 election the company helped Bill Clinton to develop his "new Democrat" language and policies. [11] For example, the term "bridge to the 21st century" was developed with help from Penn, [19] who advised Clinton to begin using such market-tested phrases. [5]

In 1996, the company worked on Clinton's successful re-election campaign, helping him to win on an updated platform. [2] [12] For the firm's work on the 1996 election, Time magazine dubbed Penn and Schoen "Masters of the Message" in an article focused on the campaign and their influence. [20]

PSB continued to provide polling and advice during Clinton's second term. One notable PSB poll led directly to the policy of placing Social Security first in priorities for spending the budget surplus of 1997. In Clinton's 1998 State of the Union address, he called for Congress to focus first on Social Security in allocating the surplus funds. [11]

Michael Bloomberg

In 2001 and 2005, PSB provided polling for Michael Bloomberg's New York mayoral campaigns. In the 2001 campaign, the firm carried out polling to gather information about New Yorkers' opinions. PSB was hired again by Bloomberg for his re-election campaign in 2005. The firm provided "voter-list development" and created "the most sophisticated database ever developed for a municipal election", according to The New York Post. [21]

Tony Blair

Penn was hired by then-Prime Minister Tony Blair in 2005 to provide advice for the upcoming UK general election. He became part of the Labour Party's election team, working on a strategy to gain voters who would traditionally have voted for the Conservative Party. [22] The strategy helped Labour, with Blair in leadership, to win a third term for the first time in the party's history. [23] [24]

Hillary Clinton

PSB first worked with Hillary Clinton on her successful campaign in 2000 to become New York's junior senator. [12]

In 2007 and 2008, PSB provided Clinton with polling, direct mail, and other services for the Democratic presidential nomination. As part of services provided by the firm, Penn became Clinton's communications adviser, employing a team of 20 employees to carry out the routine campaign work. [25] [4] In April 2008, it was disclosed that, in his role as chief executive of Burson-Marsteller, Penn had met Colombian government representatives to discuss promoting a free-trade agreement opposed by Clinton. Penn stepped down from his role as a chief strategist but he and PSB continued to poll and provide advice for the campaign. [26]

Venezuela

PSB organized polling during the Venezuelan recall referendum of 2004 of President Hugo Chávez and released poll results on election day, predicting that 59 percent of voters were in favor of recalling Chávez. The following day, the referendum results were almost the exact opposite of the poll results: the results showed that 58 percent opposed recalling the president. Schoen stated that he believed the referendum "was a massive fraud" and Penn noted that PSB's two previous exit polls in Venezuela had correctly predicted the final results. [27] The results of the referendum were endorsed by César Gaviria, secretary general of the Organization of American States, and former U.S. president Jimmy Carter, who monitored the vote. [28] Leaders of the opposition refused to accept the results, citing PSB's exit poll as proof of fraud. [29]

The 20,000 responses in the exit poll produced a large amount of data, leading to an extremely low sampling error. According to the Center for Economic and Policy Research, because the chance of sample error in the exit poll was so low and observers did not find any signs of fraud, it may have been the survey's methodology that led to the discrepancy in results. [29] PSB was criticized in the press for how the poll was carried out because the company used members of a Venezuelan group called Súmate for fieldwork. The group had been involved in organizing the recall and was considered anti-Chávez by the Venezuelan government. [28] The company stated that the issues were with the voting, not the exit poll. [28] Following the exit poll, Penn replaced Schoen as PSB's representative for Venezuela. [30]

Other campaigns and elections

In 1999, the firm carried out polls in Serbia, commissioned by the National Democratic Institute of Washington in support of Slobodan Milošević's Democratic opponents. [31] The polls found that the majority of voters disapproved of Milosevic's performance and wanted him to resign, supporting the view held in the U.S. that he was unlikely to win re-election. [32]

In 2004, PSB organized an exit poll in Ukraine for the presidential election. The poll was commissioned by the Ukrainian ICTV television channel. [33] The firm also conducted polling in Italy in 2006, on behalf of Silvio Berlusconi's Forza Italia party. Berlusconi stated that in final polls before the election he was tied with opposition leader Romano Prodi, although polls carried out by other firms had shown that Prodi would win by approximately 5 percent. [34] In the final results, Prodi won by less than 0.1 percent of the vote. [35]

PSB's South Asia office, led by former CEO of Genesis Burson-Marsteller (GBM) and Asia Pacific Board Member of Burson-Marsteller (B-M) Ashwani Singla, [36] was appointed as the pollster for the 2014 Lok Sabha elections by the Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP). The firm carried out three waves of polling, including over three hundred thousand interviews, to generate a campaign strategy to win the mandate of the people of India to form the government. BJP scored an unprecedented victory, securing a single party majority not seen for the last three decades in election history.[ citation needed ]

Corporate work

PSB's corporate work has focused on leveraging the experience gained in political campaigns to guide its research, advice, and communications for numerous Fortune 500 companies. [37] The company's major corporate clients have included AT&T, Ford, McDonald’s, Citibank, Facebook, and Microsoft. [38] [39]

Notable corporate work

In 1993, PSB advised AT&T and analyzed its advertising strategy to help refocus the phone company and to compete with MCI Inc. The research by PSB, including polling data on lifestyle and behavior, found that AT&T's strategies had previously not included niche groups such as immigrants making calls to their home country. Following PSB's advice, AT&T used niche-market details in commercials and specially targeted offers to gain these customers. [4] [5]

Microsoft has been a client of PSB since the 1990s. [11] Penn advised Bill Gates on the campaign to prevent Microsoft from being broken up, which was mandated by the 2000 court decision in the anti-trust case brought by the U.S. Justice Department. [5] The company also provided key research into consumer opinions about Microsoft following the court case. [39]

In 2004, PSB carried out research for McDonald's in the UK when the fast food company was concerned about negative public opinion following the release of the film Super Size Me. [40] PSB's surveys of consumers and stakeholder groups found that food quality was a high priority among these audiences. The results led to the initiation of an advertising campaign focusing on food quality. [39] [40]

From the early 1990s, PSB has conducted surveys of fans for Major League Baseball. According to MLB commissioner Bud Selig, the research led to changes in the structure of the sport including expansion of playoffs and interleague play. [41] In 1997, while MLB was deciding whether to pursue geographic realignment of teams, PSB carried out research including surveys and focus groups of fans. The company found that a majority of fans were in favor of such realignment. [42] [43]

The company conducted research for Ford in 2009 and 2010, focusing on its in-car electronics. A 2009 PSB poll to support Ford's sales case for built-in electronics found that 93 percent of those surveyed agree with the idea of a nationwide ban on texting while driving. [44] In 2010, Ford introduced technology to allow parents to prevent teenage drivers from listening to explicit radio content based on PSB survey data. [45]

In 2015, Ford was preparing to introduce a redesigned F-150 truck, featuring an aluminum body. PSB conducted research to determine the most effective messages to promote the new F-150 while neutralizing any potential attacks on its durability and safety. By describing the materials as “military-grade aluminum alloys” and emphasizing that the same materials are used by the US Military in their advanced attack vehicles, Ford was able to position their #1 selling vehicle as the toughest truck on the market. [46]

Entertainment and media

The company's entertainment and media practice was founded in 2001 and provides research for magazine publishers, film studios, and video game publishers, including marketing positioning, test screenings, focus groups, creative advertising testing, and box office tracking. [47] In 2012, PSB expanded this area of its business with the acquisition of First Movies International, an entertainment market research company. [13] Major entertainment and media clients of PSB include Disney, Paramount Pictures, and Condé Nast, for whom the company carried out research to decide on a name for its former business magazine, Condé Nast Portfolio. [48] [49]

Public research

Aspen Institute studies

PSB has also conducted studies for the Aspen Institute and the related Aspen Ideas Festival. Partnering with Time magazine and the Aspen Institute in 2011, PSB polled Americans on their opinions of the decade following the September 11th terrorist attacks. [50] [51] The following year, the company conducted polls on Americans' attitudes towards the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act which was commissioned by The Atlantic and the Aspen Institute. [52] [53]

Global Corporate Reputation Index

In 2012, the company released its "Global Corporate Reputation Index" at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. The index listed the top 25 consumer companies by reputation. The research for the index was conducted in partnership with Burson-Marsteller, Landor Associates, and Brand Asset Consulting, and consisted of 40,000 interviews in 6 countries, focusing on the qualities associated with nearly 6,000 companies. [54] [55]

Arab Youth Survey

For 11 years, ASDA’A, BCW, and PSB have presented evidence-based insights into the attitudes of Arab youth via its Arab Youth Survey, providing public and private sector organizations with data and analysis to make effective decisions and policies. It is the largest survey of its kind, conducted in 15 Arab states and territories with 3,300 face-to-face interviews with young Arabs ages 18–24. [56]

Selected awards

Mark Penn was named Pollster of the year in 1996 and 2000 by the American Association of Political Consultants, for the company's political polling. [57] PSB received a Telly Award in 2008 for its work on Dominion's "Every Day" Campaign, [58] a Pollie Award in 2009 for Television Advertising for its "3AM" commercial for Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign, [59] and a Reed Award in 2011 for Best Radio Ad from Campaigns and Elections magazine for work done for the National Association of Convenience Stores. [60] In 2012 PSB was awarded a David Ogilvy Award from the Advertising Research Foundation for its work on "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never". [61]

Related Research Articles

An opinion poll, often simply referred to as a survey or a poll, is a human research survey of public opinion from a particular sample. Opinion polls are usually designed to represent the opinions of a population by conducting a series of questions and then extrapolating generalities in ratio or within confidence intervals. A person who conducts polls is referred to as a pollster.

An election exit poll is a poll of voters taken immediately after they have exited the polling stations. A similar poll conducted before actual voters have voted is called an entrance poll. Pollsters – usually private companies working for newspapers or broadcasters – conduct exit polls to gain an early indication as to how an election has turned out, as in many elections the actual result may take many hours to count.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2004 Venezuelan recall referendum</span>

The Venezuelan recall referendum of 15 August 2004 was a referendum to determine whether Hugo Chávez, then President of Venezuela, should be recalled from office. The recall referendum was announced on 8 June 2004 by the National Electoral Council (CNE) after the Venezuelan opposition succeeded in collecting the number of signatures required by the 1999 Constitution to effect a recall.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Súmate</span>

Súmate is a Venezuelan volunteer civil association founded in 2002 by María Corina Machado and Alejandro Plaz. Súmate describes itself as a vote-monitoring group; it has also been described as an election-monitoring group.

Matthew John Carter is a former General Secretary of the British Labour Party, and now works in the public relations and communications consultancy industry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scott Rasmussen</span> American businessman

Scott William Rasmussen is an American public opinion pollster and political analyst. He previously produced the ScottRasmussen.com Daily Tracking Poll, a gauge of American voters' political sentiment. He is editor-at-large for Ballotpedia, where he writes the Number of the Day Feature, and is a host for the podcast entitled "Just the Polls," a podcast series from Just the News.

The Harris Poll is an American market research and analytics company that has been tracking the sentiment, behaviors and motivations of American adults since 1963. In addition to the traditional consulting offered, Harris has developed software data platforms that allow brands to track health and campaign success. The firm works with clients in three primary areas: brand strategy and tracking, corporate reputation, and research for public release.

Rasmussen Reports is an American polling company founded in 2003. The company engages in political commentary and the collection, publication, and distribution of public opinion polling information. Rasmussen Reports conducts nightly tracking, at national and state levels, of elections, politics, current events, consumer confidence, business topics, and the United States president's job approval ratings. Surveys by the company are conducted using a combination of automated public opinion polling involving pre-recorded telephone inquiries and an online survey. The company generates revenue by selling advertising and subscriptions to its polling survey data.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bradley effect</span> Theory about discrepancies between opinion polls and election results in the United States

The Bradley effect is a theory concerning observed discrepancies between voter opinion polls and election outcomes in some United States government elections where a white candidate and a non-white candidate run against each other. The theory proposes that some white voters who intend to vote for the white candidate would nonetheless tell pollsters that they are undecided or likely to vote for the non-white candidate. It was named after Los Angeles mayor Tom Bradley, an African-American who lost the 1982 California gubernatorial election to California attorney general George Deukmejian, a white person, despite Bradley being ahead in voter polls going into the elections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mark Penn</span> Public relations executive

Mark J. Penn is an American businessman, pollster, political strategist, and author.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Burson Cohn & Wolfe</span> American public relations firm

Burson Cohn & Wolfe is a multinational public relations and communications firm, headquartered in New York City. In February 2018, parent WPP Group PLC announced that it had merged its subsidiaries Cohn & Wolfe with Burson-Marsteller. The combined agency is now known as Burson Cohn & Wolfe.

Geoff Garin is an American pollster, who served as co-chief strategist for the latter part of Senator Hillary Clinton's 2008 Presidential campaign. He was a pollster and strategist in 2011-2012 for Priorities USA Action, the superPAC that supported Barack Obama's reelection, and currently serves in those same roles for Priorities USA in support of Hillary Clinton's election as president.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michael Berland</span>

Mike Berland is founder and CEO of Decode_M, an insights and strategy firm. Prior to founding Decode_M in 2016, he was CEO of Edelman Berland, the global intelligence, research, and analytics division of Edelman. Before joining Edelman Berland in 2012, he was President of the market research and polling firm Penn, Schoen & Berland.

Douglas Schoen is an American lawyer, political analyst, author, lobbyist, and commentator. In 1977, he co-founded the political consulting firm Penn, Schoen & Berland, and was hired by President Bill Clinton and Ukrainian steel oligarch Victor Pinchuk. From 2009-2021 he worked for Fox News, and since 2021 for Newsmax TV.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joel Benenson</span> American pollster and consultant

Joel Benenson is an American pollster and consultant known for his role as a strategist for Barack Obama's 2008 and 2012 presidential campaigns. He was the chief strategist for Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Public Policy Polling</span> U.S. Democratic polling firm

Public Policy Polling (PPP) is an American polling firm affiliated with the Democratic Party. Founded in 2001 by businessman Dean Debnam, the firm is based in Raleigh, North Carolina. Debnam currently serves as president and CEO of PPP, while Tom Jensen serves as the firm's director.

Neil Newhouse is a co-founder of Public Opinion Strategies, a political survey and polling firm, and was the lead pollster for the unsuccessful presidential campaigns of both John McCain and Mitt Romney against Barack Obama.

Survation is a polling and market research agency based in London, England. Survation have been conducting research surveys since 2010. Surveys are conducted via telephone, online panel and face to face as well as omnibus research for a broad range of clients including television, newspapers, charities, lobby groups, trade unions, law firms and political parties. Damian Lyons Lowe is the company founder and Chief Executive.

Morning Consult is a business intelligence company established in 2014. It was named one of the fastest growing technology companies in North America by Deloitte in both 2018 and 2019 and was valued at more than one billion dollars in June 2021. The company specializes in online survey research technology and has offices in Washington, D.C., New York City, Chicago, and San Francisco.

Mainstreet Research is a Canadian market research and polling firm with headquarters in Toronto, and offices in Montreal and Ottawa. The company was founded in 2010 by Quito Maggi, who currently serves as its president.

References

  1. ↑ Elisabeth Bumiller (11 February 1998). "PUBLIC LIVES; Taking Pulse of the President's Pulse-Takers". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  2. 1 2 3 Michael McAuliff (18 December 2007). "Hill's Political Ace". Daily News. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  3. ↑ Dennis W. Johnson (2016-11-07). Democracy for Hire: A History of American Political Consulting. Oxford University Press. ISBN   9780190272692.
  4. 1 2 3 Anne E. Kornblut (20 April 2007). "Clinton's PowerPointer; With Data and Slides, a Pollster Guides Campaign Strategy". The Washington Post. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 James Bennet (18 June 2000). "The Guru of Small Things". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  6. 1 2 Jason Horowitz (1 August 2007). "Rumpled Mark Penn, Clinton Pollster, Goes Back to Battle". The New York Observer. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  7. ↑ Jason Horowitz (19 June 2010). "Big winner of horse-race polls". Seattle Times. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  8. ↑ Dennis Johnson (2008). Routledge Handbook of Political Management. ISBN   978-0415962254 . Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  9. ↑ Frank Lynn (17 August 1985). "Koch Makes Big Push Through Mail". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  10. ↑ Erica Morris (5 January 2010). "Berland rejoins PSB as president". PRWeek US. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  11. 1 2 3 4 John F. Harris (31 December 2000). "Policy and Politics by the Numbers; For the President, Polls Became a Defining Force in His Administration". The Washington Post. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  12. 1 2 3 Greg Johnson (19 November 2001). "WPP Group nabs Clinton poll firm". Daily Deal. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  13. 1 2 3 Alex Ben Block (18 April 2012). "Penn Schoen Berland Acquires First Movies International". Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  14. ↑ Julie Bosman (8 December 2005). "Burson-Marsteller Appoints Political Consultant as Chief". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  15. ↑ Mike Allen (19 July 2012). "Don Baer to head Burson-Marsteller; Mark Penn to Microsoft". Politico. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  16. ↑ "Penn Schoen Names Jay Leveton Interim Chief Executive". The Holmes Report. 3 October 2012. Retrieved 10 October 2012.
  17. ↑ "Peter Horst Named Chief Executive Officer of PSB". BusinessWire.com. 16 December 2019. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  18. ↑ "Contact Us". psbresearch.com. Penn Schoen Berland. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
  19. ↑ Beth Herskovits (12 December 2005). "Burson hires pollster Penn to become firm's next CEO". PR Week. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  20. ↑ Richard Stengel; Eric Pooley; Melissa August; Jeffrey H. Birnbaum; Michael Duffy; J.F.O. McAllister; Viveca Novak; Tamala M. Edwards (18 November 1996). "Masters of the Message" . CNN. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
  21. ↑ David Seifman (12 March 2005). "MIKE SPENDS QUICK $5M IN RE-ELECT BID". The New York Post. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  22. ↑ Patrick Hennessy; Philip Sherwell (23 January 2005). "Blair recruits Clinton poll mastermind in drive to capture more Tory voters". Sunday Telegraph. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  23. ↑ Gouri Shah (9 April 2011). "Govt must unambiguously show it is on the side of eliminating corruption". Mint. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  24. ↑ "Arena Profile: Mark Penn". The Arena. Politico. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  25. ↑ Timothy J. Burger; Kristin Jensen (24 May 2007). "CLINTON STRATEGIST RETAINS P.R. FIRM'S CORPORATE CLIENTS". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  26. ↑ "CLINTON'S TOP ADVISER ENDS CAMPAIGN ROLE". Sun-Sentinel. 7 April 2008. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  27. ↑ Michael Barone (20 August 2004). "Exit polls in Venezuela". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  28. 1 2 3 "Pollsters predicting recall under fire". Inland Valley Daily Bulletin. 20 August 2004. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  29. 1 2 David Rosnick (19 August 2004). "Polling and the Ballot: The Venezuelan Referendum" (PDF). cepr.net. Center for Economic and Policy Research. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
  30. ↑ Phil Gunson; Steven Dudley (3 December 2006). "Sudden change at U.S. polling firm startles Venezuelan opposition". The Miami Herald. Retrieved 11 June 2012.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  31. ↑ John Lancaster (19 September 2000). "U.S. Funds Help Milosevic's Foes in Election Fight". The Washington Post. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
  32. ↑ John Donnelly (4 November 1999). "Opposition in Serbia gets vow of US support". The Boston Globe. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  33. ↑ "Ukrainian private TV commissions exit poll". BBC. 24 December 2004. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  34. ↑ Flavia Krause-Jackson; Alessandra Migliaccio (24 March 2006). "Italy's Prodi Holds Lead as Polling Ends Before Vote (Update1)". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 20 June 2012.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  35. ↑ Steve Scherer; Alessandra Migliaccio (19 April 2006). "Prodi Wins Italian Election, High Court Confirms (Update2)". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 20 June 2012.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  36. ↑ "Ashwani Singla Shifts To New Role Heading PSB South Asia". The Holmes Report.
  37. ↑ Catherine Bennett (3 February 2005). "Blair's most prized advisers: the admen". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  38. ↑ "Merrill Weighs a Giuliani Role". The New York Times. 4 June 2002. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  39. 1 2 3 Richard Lee (22 February 2007). "Speaker finds political remedies for PR problems". The Stamford Advocate. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  40. 1 2 Clare O'Connor (8 February 2008). "How McDonald's took on its critics". PR Week. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  41. ↑ Phil Rogers (18 December 2001). "Baseball's flaw: Lack of competitive balance". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  42. ↑ Hal Bodley (4 August 1997). "Survey says fans favor realignment proposals". USA Today. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  43. ↑ Hal Bodley (29 August 1997). "Baseball fans oppose radical realignment". USA Today. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  44. ↑ Dan Roth (20 September 2009). "OMG LOL: New study says 93% of Americans favor banning text messaging while driving". Autoblog. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  45. ↑ Alisa Priddle (30 December 2010). "Ford lets parents control the radio". The Detroit News. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  46. ↑ (2019), https://corporate.ford.com/articles/products/f-150-body-of-work.html, Ford
  47. ↑ "Premier PR sells First Movies to Penn Schoen Berland". Screen International. 18 April 2012. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  48. ↑ Dave McNary (19 April 2012). "First Movies sold". Daily Variety. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  49. ↑ Katherine Q. Seelye (5 June 2006). "The Buzz of Magazineland Now Has a Name". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  50. ↑ "Time Poll: Two Thirds Believe US In Period Of Decline". The White House Bulletin. 5 July 2011. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  51. ↑ "Ten Years After: How America Has Changed since 9/11". Aspen Institute. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  52. ↑ David A. Graham (29 June 2012). "4 Charts That Show Obama's Failure to Sell Health-Care Reform to the Public". The Atlantic. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  53. ↑ Ruy Teixeira (6 August 2012). "Public Opinion Snapshot; Public Still Backs Government Role in Health Care". Center for American Progress. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  54. ↑ Mark Penn (3 February 2012). "Davos 2012: The great transformation". PR Week. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  55. ↑ "Global brands need to work on citizenship performance, finds Global Corporate Reputation Index". The Drum. 31 January 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  56. ↑ (2020), https://www.arabyouthsurvey.com/, Arab Youth Survey
  57. ↑ "Penn, Schoen, and Berland Exit Poll Shows Chavez Victory". PR Newswire. 4 December 2006. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
  58. ↑ "Winners: 29th Annual Telly Awards". tellyawards.com. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
  59. ↑ theaapc.org (12 March 2012). "The 18th Annual Pollie Awards & Conference" (PDF). The Association of Political and Public Affairs Professionals. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 March 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  60. ↑ "Penn Schoen Berland Wins Best Radio Ad of 2011". Campaigns and Elections. 15 August 2012. Archived from the original on 26 November 2018. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  61. ↑ "The ARF 2012 David Ogilvy Awards". Advertising Research Fountation. 14 June 2012. Archived from the original on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 12 June 2012.

Official website

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.