Pameungpeuk

Last updated
Pameungpeuk
Kecamatan Pameungpeuk
Town
Pameungpeuk
Pamengpeuk Beach, Garut.jpg
Pamengpeuk Beach
Java location map plain.svg
Red pog.svg
Pameungpeuk
Location In Java
Coordinates: 7°38′0″S107°43′0″E / 7.63333°S 107.71667°E / -7.63333; 107.71667
CountryFlag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
Province West Java
Regency Garut Regency
District District of Pameungpeuk
Time zone UTC+7 (WIB)

Pameungpeuk is a sub-district in Garut Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia. The sub-district is about 86 Km from the capital city of Garut Regency to the south. Its administrative center is in Mandalakasih Village (Desa Mandalakasih). This sub-district is located in the southern part of Garut and is the most developed sub-district center in the region. It is located 131 kilometres by road south of Bandung. [1]

Contents

History

Pameungpeuk was previously known as Nagara, as it was anticipated to become as bustling as the Sunda Kelapa port in Jakarta (formerly Batavia). Initially, this district was part of Sukapura Regency before becoming part of Garut Regency.

Pameungpeuk was originally a larger area known as Kawedanan Nagara it was initially thought to be busy sub-district because an international port would be built like Sunda Kelapa Port in Jakarta (formerly Batavia). Before becoming part of Limbangan Regency (Garut) at that time, Kawedanan Nagara was initially included in Sukapura Regency (Tasikmalaya). This district was centered in Pameungpeuk, with an administrative area that included the sub-districts of Pameungpeuk, Bodjong, Rantjaherang, and Cisompet, before finally being divided into four separate districts in 1882: Cisompet, Cikelet, Cibalong, and Pameungpeuk itself.

Pameungpeuk was previously known as Nagara Village, has a history closely linked to the Sunda Kingdom and the reign of Prabu Geusan Ulun. There are several versions of the origin of the name Pameungpeuk. One version states that the name comes from the practice of "meungpeuk" or damming a river with large stones, which was carried out on the orders of Prabu Geusan Ulun to divert the flow of Ci Mandalakasih and build a new port.

Pameungpeuk between 1920 and 1940. Photo by Thilly Weissenborn. COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De baai Pameunkpeuk aan de zuidkust. TMnr 60002466.jpg
Pameungpeuk between 1920 and 1940. Photo by Thilly Weissenborn.

Another version links the name Pameungpeuk to the will of Prabu Geusan Ulun's father, who requested that his body be thrown into the river and if it got stuck, the river should be filled with stones. The practice of filling rivers with stones in Sundanese is called "dipeupeuk ku batu".

Regardless of which version is true, the practice of "meungpeuk" had a significant impact on the development of Pameungpeuk. The diversion of the Ci Mandalakasih river caused the area to become more crowded and develop rapidly, so it was no longer just an ordinary village.

Over time, the area became known as Pameungpeuk, which refers to the "meungpeuk" tool used in the process of damming the river."

During the Indonesian National Revolution in 1947, three Dutch soldiers were taken prisoner by Indonesian forces in Pameungpeuk. This occurred after an American naval plane they were traveling on was forced to make an emergency landing at the Pameungpeuk airfield due to fuel exhaustion. [2] [3]

Geography

Borderline

Pameungpeuk District is located in the southern region of Garut Regency with the following boundaries:

NorthCisompet District
EastCisompet District and Cibalong District
SouthIndian Ocean
WestCikelet District

Land Use

Pameungpeuk District in Garut is primarily characterized by low-lying terrain, with elevations ranging from 0 to 80 meters above sea level. This coastal location directly faces the Indian Ocean, while the northern parts bordering Cikelet and Cisompet exhibit a more hilly and rugged landscape.

The diverse elevation contributes to a variety of agricultural products, particularly lowland vegetables such as rice, chili peppers, spinach, and long beans. Agriculture dominates land use, especially in East Pameungpeuk, where Mandalakasih village (Tegal Buleud) is renowned for its exceptional rice cultivation, dating back to the Dutch colonial era. Coconut plantations thrive near Cibalong, while rubber plantations are prominent near Cisompet and Cikelet.

Beyond agriculture, the district also comprises residential areas and villages. With ongoing development, Pameungpeuk has become the most densely populated sub-district in southern Garut Regency.

Climate

According to the Koppen climate classification, Pameungpeuk District is an area with a wet tropical climate (Af). Most of the Pameungpeuk District area has a gentle lowland contour and faces directly onto the Indian Ocean (the southern coastline of West Java).

The average annual temperature range in Pameungpeuk District is 26°C to 32°C, with average rainfall of 2000 to 2500 mm per year.

Sub-district/Village

Pameungpeuk District has 8 (eight) villages, including the following:

  1. Bojong
  2. Bojong Kidul
  3. Jatimulya
  4. Mancagahar
  5. Mandalakasih
  6. Paas
  7. Pameungpeuk
  8. Sirnabakti

Economy

Most of the people of Pameungpeuk, Garut Regency work as farmers , fishermen, and also traders. The main agricultural commodity from Pameungpeuk sub-district is rice which is managed for personal consumption and sent to various other areas.

This sub-district has a main traditional market, namely the Pameungpeuk market, Garut as a place for buying and selling and also the most important economic center for the people in the Pameungpeuk sub-district and its surroundings.

In addition to the Pameungpeuk traditional market, there is also Plaza Mandalakasih as another trading center in Pameungpeuk District. Pameungpeuk District also has several national minimarket retail branches such as Indomaret, Alfamart and Yomart which are spread across various areas within Pameungpeuk District.

Demographics

Population

The total population of Pameungpeuk District in 2022 reached 44,970 people, consisting of 22,729 male and 22,241 female. This area has a population density of 2,118 people per square kilometer, with details of population data per village as follows

Sub-districtMaleFemaleTotal
Mancagahar2,6862,6285,314
Pameungpeuk4,1504,1438,293
Mandalakasih3,1063,0646,170
Sirnabakti3,2683,0956,363
Paas3,3593,3526,711
Bojong1,8661,7943,660
Jatimulya2,9802,9025,882
Bojong Kidul1,3141,2632,577

Pameungpeuk District is dominated by Sundanese people, with a percentage reaching 95.12% of the total population. Meanwhile, other ethnic groups are spread in small proportions, including Javanese, Batak, Minangkabau, Madurese, Malay and together with other tribes in smaller numbers.

As one of the most developed areas in the southern region of Garut Regency, the majority of the population of Pameungpeuk District depend on trade, agriculture and other agribusiness sectors for their livelihoods. This is in line with the geographical and economic characteristics of the region which are dominated by agricultural activities.

Language

The primary language spoken by the residents of Pameungpeuk District is the East Priangan dialect of Sundanese, with the Pameungpeuk accent as their native tongue and primary mode of communication.

Indonesian also serves as the primary language for work, education, and inter-ethnic communication within the district.

Religion

The vast majority of Pameungpeuk sub-district's population is Muslim (99.85%), with a small minority adhering to other religions, primarily Protestant Christianity and Catholicism.

Telecommunication

Pameungpeuk District is an area that can be reached by 4G cellular telecommunications signals from various Indonesian national cellular telephone operators (Telkomsel ,Indosat and XL Axiata).

In addition, Telkom Indonesia's telephone and cable internet network can reach the Pameungpeuk sub-district and surrounding areas with the telephone number code +62 262 - (521/522/2520-xxx).

Pameungpeuk District has a branch of the Indonesian Post Office and logistics delivery services from other service providers with postal code 44175.

Education

In the 2022/2023 academic year, the general data on educational facilities in Pameungpeuk District are as follows

Level of educationStatePrivateAmount
Kindergarten (TK)066
Raudatul Athfal (RA)01919
Elementary School (SD)26127
Elementary Islamic School /

MadrasahIbtidaiyah (MI)

077
Junior High School (SMP)246
Islamic Junior High School (MTs) /

Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs)

188
Senior High School (SMA)123
Vocational High School (SMK)044
Islamic Senior High School /

Madrasah Aliyah(MA)

123

Elementary School

Elementary schools are distributed all across eight villages within Pameungpeuk District, with each village typically having 4 to 5 public or private institutions.

Junior High School

Pameungpeuk District has two state junior high schools (SMPN), namely as follows:

  1. SMP Negeri 1 Pameungpeuk
  2. SMP Negeri 2 Pameungpeuk

Senior High School

Pameungpeuk District has one state senior high school (SMAN) and one state Islamic high school (MAN), namely as follows:

  1. SMA Negeri 5 Garut (formerly SMA Negeri 1 Pameungpeuk)
  2. MA Negeri 3 Garut (formerly MA Negeri 1 Pameungpeuk).

Health

Pameungpeuk District possesses a comprehensive healthcare infrastructure comprising one main District Health Center (Puskesmas Pameungpeuk) and six Assistant Health Centers strategically distributed across the sub-district.

There is Pameungpeuk Regional Hospital (Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Pameungpeuk), a Provincial Level Hospital that serves as the primary referral center for the southern region of Garut Regency and its environs.

Transportation

Pameungpeuk District has a strategic location right in the middle of the southern coast of West Java. This district is crossed by the South Coast National Road (Jalan Nasional Pantai Selatan Jawa) of West Java, which connects Pangandaran to Pelabuhan Ratu (Sukabumi Regency).

Pameungpeuk is the center of the main route of Jalan Raya Pameungpeuk - Garut City, which is the Regency road route that connects the northern part of Garut to the southern part of Garut. The distance from the Capital of Garut Regency to Pameungpeuk District is 84 km which can be covered in 3-4 hours of land travel.

Pameungpeuk District enjoys excellent connectivity with various regions. Public transportation options are readily available, including buses and minibuses departing from Pameungpeuk Terminal. These routes connect the district to major cities such as Garut City, Bandung City, and Tasikmalaya City:

  1. Pameungpeuk - Cikajang - Garut Kota
  2. Pameungpeuk - Garut City - Bandung City (Cicaheum Terminal)
  3. Pameungpeuk - Garut City - Bandung City (Leuwipanjang Terminal)
  4. Pangandaran - Cipatujah (Tasikmalaya) - Pameungpeuk - Rancabuaya - Sindangbarang
  5. Pameungpeuk - Cipatujah (Tasikmalaya) - Karangnunggal (Tasikmalaya) - Tasikmalaya City

In addition to inter-district public transportation, there is local transportation between areas around Pameungpeuk sub-district known as Angkutan Desa (Village Car) with the following routes:

  1. Pameungpeuk - Depok, Cisompet
  2. Pameungpeuk - Sukanagara - Panyindangan, Cisompet
  3. Pameungpeuk - Cisompet Village, Cisompet
  4. Pameungpeuk - Cibalong, Garut
  5. Pameungpeuk - Cibalong, Garut - Sancang, Cibalong
  6. Pameungpeuk - Cibalong Village - Maroko Village, Cibalong
  7. Pameungpeuk - Cikelet Village, Cikelet

Local transportation in Pameungpeuk District serves several routes every day from 05.00 to 13.00 WIB (GMT +7), and there are Ojek (Public Motorcycle) Bases spread across various villages to connect between villages in the Pameungpeuk District area.

Tourism

Pameungpeuk District is one of the quite famous areas and is the center of tourist attractions in Garut Regency, although many tourist attractions are located outside the Pameungpeuk District area, but according to some people from outside the area, many consider the tourist attractions to be in Pameungpeuk District. The tourist attractions that are right in the Pameungpeuk District area are as follows:

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sundanese language</span> Language spoken in Indonesia

Sundanese is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in Java, primarily by the Sundanese. It has approximately 32 million native speakers in the western third of Java; they represent about 15% of Indonesia's total population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">West Java</span> Province of Indonesia

West Java is an Indonesian province on the western part of the island of Java, with its provincial capital in Bandung. West Java is bordered by the province of Banten and the country's capital region of Jakarta to the west, the Java Sea to the north, the province of Central Java to the east and the Indian Ocean to the south. With Banten, this province is the native homeland of the Sundanese people, the second-largest ethnic group in Indonesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sundanese people</span> Ethnic group from Indonesia

The Sundanese are an Austronesian ethnic group native to western region of Java island in Indonesia, primarily West Java. They number approximately 42 million and form Indonesia's second most populous ethnic group. They speak the Sundanese language, which is part of the Austronesian languages.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Garut Regency</span> Regency in West Java, Indonesia

Garut Regency is a Regency in the West Java province of Indonesia. It covers an area of 3,065.19 km2 (1,186.91 mi2). Geographically, it lies between 6°5734″ – 7°4457″ South latitude and 107°2434″ – 108°734″ East longitude. The population at the 2010 census was 2,404,121, and at the 2020 census was 2,585,607; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 2,683,665. South Tarogong is the regency seat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sumedang</span> Town in West Java, Indonesia

Sumedang is a town in Western Java, Indonesia, approximately 46 km northeast of Bandung. It is the capital of Sumedang Regency. The town is just south of the volcanic Mount Tampomas, which is 1,684 m (5,525 ft) high and is usually climbed from Cimalaka District, 7 km from Sumedang.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ciamis</span> District in West Java, Indonesia

Ciamis is a district and a town; it is the regency seat of Ciamis Regency in West Java, Indonesia. It covers an area of 33.85 square kilometres (13.07 sq mi). It had a population of 93,744 as of the 2010 Census, 98,610 as of the 2020 Census, and 99,750 as of a mid-2022 official estimate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Garut</span> Town in Java, Indonesia

Garut is a district and town in West Java of Indonesia, and the former capital of Garut Regency. It is located about 75 km to the southeast of the major city of Bandung.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bogor Regency</span> Regency of Indonesia

Bogor Regency is a landlocked regency (kabupaten) of West Java province in Indonesia, situated south of DKI Jakarta. Covering an area of 2,734.33 km2, it is considered a bedroom community for Jakarta, and was home to 5,427,068 people at the 2020 census. The official estimate as at mid 2023 was 5,520,836. The town of Cibinong serves as the regency seat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tasikmalaya Regency</span> Regency in West Java, Indonesia

Tasikmalaya Regency is a regency in the province of West Java in Indonesia. With an area of 2,708.82 km2 (1,046 sq mi), it is the biggest and most important in the southeast region of East Preanger. Tasikmalaya Regency had a population of 1,687,776 at the 2010 census and 1,865,203 at the 2020 census; the mid-2023 official estimate was 1,907,045.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kuningan Regency</span> Regency in West Java, Indonesia

Kuningan Regency is a regency (kabupaten) of the West Java province of Indonesia. It covers an area of 1,194.09 km2, and it had a population of 1,035,589 at the 2010 census and 1,167,686 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 1,201,764 (comprising 608,669 males and 593,095 females Kuningan Regency is located in the east of the province, south of Cirebon Regency, east of Majalengka Regency and northeast of Ciamis Regency, and bordering Central Java Province to the east and southeast. The town and district of Kuningan is its administrative capital.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sunda Kingdom</span> Hindu kingdom on the island of Java from 669 to 1579

The Sunda Kingdom was a Sundanese Hindu kingdom located in the western portion of the island of Java from 669 to around 1579, covering the area of present-day Banten, Jakarta, West Java, and the western part of Central Java. The capital of the Sunda Kingdom moved several times during its history, shifting between the Galuh (Kawali) area in the east and Pakuan Pajajaran in the west.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Galuh Kingdom</span> Ancient Sundanese kingdom in Java (669–1482)

The Galuh Kingdom was a medieval Sundanese kingdom located in the eastern part of Tatar Sunda, present-day Indonesia. It was established as a breakaway kingdom of the Tarumanagara around the 7th century. Traditionally the kingdom was associated with the Central & Eastern Parahyangan cultural regions, with territory spanning from Citarum River in the west, to Cipamali and Cisarayu River in the east. Its capital was first located in Karangkamulyan, Ciamis Regency, then Saunggalah, Kuningan and Kawali, north of present-day Ciamis. The etymology of "galuh" is Old Sundanese and Kawi word for "gemstone".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bandung railway station</span> Railway station in Indonesia

Bandung Station (BD) (Indonesian: Stasiun Bandung, Sundanese: ᮞ᮪ᮒᮞᮤᮇᮔ᮪ ᮘᮔ᮪ᮓᮥᮀ) or Hall Station (Stasiun Hall) is the largest train station in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Managed by Kereta Api Indonesia and its subsidiary KAI Commuter, it serves as the main station for Operational Area II Bandung of the KAI, administering Bandung and Priangan areas. The station, which is located at an altitude of +709 meters, is also the main station for the Bandung metropolitan area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kampung Naga</span> Place

Kampung Naga is a traditional Sundanese hamlet located in the Neglasari Village area of Salawu district in Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parahyangan</span> Cultural region in West Java, Indonesia

Parahyangan or Priangan is a cultural and mountainous region in West Java province on the Indonesian island of Java. Covering a little less than one-sixth of Java, it is the heartland of Sundanese people and their culture. It is bordered to the West by Banten province, to the North by the northern coast region of Subang, Cirebon, and Indramayu, to the east by Central Java province, and to the south by the Indian Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sumedang Larang Kingdom</span> Former Islamic kingdom in Indonesia

Sumedang Larang is an Islamic Kingdom based in Sumedang, West Java. Its territory consisted of the Parahyangan region, before becoming a vassal state under the Mataram Sultanate.

Ci Kaengan is a river in the island of Java, Indonesia, that flows mainly in the Garut Regency of West Java province, about 210 km to the southeast of the capital Jakarta.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cipeundeuy railway station</span> Railway station in Indonesia

Cipeundeuy Station (CPD) is a class II railway station located in Cikarag, Malangbong, Garut Regency. The station, which is located at an altitude of +772 meters, is included in the Operational Area II Bandung. This station has three railway tracks.

References

  1. Maps (Map). Google Maps.
  2. United States Naval Institute (1947). Naval Institute proceedings. p. 1528. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  3. "Three Dutch Soldiers As Prisoners Of War". The Canberra Times . Trove - National Library of Australia. 1947-10-07. Retrieved 2018-09-13.