| Pantepui thrush | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Turdidae |
| Genus: | Turdus |
| Species: | T. murinus |
| Binomial name | |
| Turdus murinus | |
 | |
The Pantepui thrush (Turdus murinus) is a bird in the genus Turdus native to the tepuis of northern South America. It was previously considered conspecific with the black-billed thrush, but genetic data indicates that the two are not closely related. [2] [3]
The species occurs in the foothills of southern Guyana, Venezuela, and northern Brazil. It inhabits a variety of habitats including clearings, savannas with gallery woodland, cerrado, humid forest borders, coffee plantations, and various other habitats under anthropogenic influence. It has been observed to prefer habitats at the borders of tropical moist forests. [4]
The species T. murinus was first described by British zoologist Osbert Salvin in 1885. [1] Its type locality is Merumé, Mount Roraima, Guyana at 1,100–1,500 metres (3,500–5,000 ft). [5]
The generic name Turdus is derived from Latin, meaning "thrush", and the species name murinus comes from the Latin term for "mouse-grey". [6]
Turdus murinus and Turdus arthuri were originally considered subspecies of Turdus ignobilis , until the two species were determined to have significant genetic distance from T. ignobilis through studies in molecular phylogenetics concluded in the 2010s. [7] [8] Formal recognition of a separation of the species was made by the American Ornithological Society in 2019. [3]
The genus Catharus is an evolutionary clade of forest-dwelling passerine birds in the family Turdidae (thrushes), commonly known as nightingale-thrushes. The extant species are widely distributed across the Americas and are descended from a common ancestor that lived 4–6 million years ago. Most of the species are shy of humans, seldom leaving the cover of dense forest vegetation, where their activities are hidden from view. Thus, many fundamental aspects of their biology and life histories are poorly known.
Plethodon is a genus of salamanders in the family Plethodontidae. They are commonly known as woodland salamanders. All members of the genus are endemic to North America. They have no aquatic larval stage. In some species, such as the red-backed salamander. Young hatch in the adult form. Members of Plethodon primarily eat small invertebrates. The earliest known fossils of this genus are from the Hemphillian of Tennessee in the United States.
Pyrocephalus is a genus of bird in the tyrant flycatcher family, Tyrannidae.
Colaptes is a genus of birds in the woodpecker family Picidae. The 14 species are found across the Americas.
The black-headed siskin is a species of finch in the family Fringillidae. It is found in Mexico, Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forest and heavily degraded former forest.
The plumbeous forest-falcon is a bird of prey in the family Falconidae only found in the Chocó region in Colombia and Ecuador. This rare bird has not been often spotted, which makes its study complicated. For a long time, it was considered to be part of the lined forest-falcons but it now known to be a species of its own. It is currently considered a vulnerable species because of the precarity of its habitat that is threatened by deforestation.
Stephan's dove also known as Stephan's emerald dove is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is found in Sulawesi, New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. It is the most genetically divergent species in the Chalcophaps genus.
The northern dark newtonia is a species of bird in the family Vangidae. It is endemic to northeastern Madagascar. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
The black-billed thrush is a bird in the family Turdidae native to Colombia and also scantily distributed across Venezuela, the Guiana Shield and the western Amazon.
The Chinese thrush is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. It is found in China and far northern Vietnam. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
Sylvioidea is a superfamily of passerine birds, one of at least three major clades within the Passerida along with the Muscicapoidea and Passeroidea. It contains about 1300 species including the Old World warblers, Old World babblers, swallows, larks and bulbuls. Members of the clade are found worldwide, but fewer species are present in the Americas.
Spinus is a genus of passerine birds in the finch family. It contains the North and South American siskins and goldfinches, as well as two Old World species.
Scaptomyza is a genus of vinegar flies, insects in the family Drosophilidae. As of 2022, there are 273 described species of Scaptomyza. Of those, 148 are endemic to the Hawaiian archipelago. This genus is part of the species-rich lineage of Hawaiian Drosophilidae, and is the sister lineage to the endemic Hawaiian Drosophila. The genus Scaptomyza is one of several nested within the paraphyletic genus Drosophila.
The Campina thrush is a thrush in the genus Turdus native to the Amazon biome. It was previously considered conspecific with the black-billed thrush.
Tropicoperdix is a genus of three species of birds in the pheasant family, Phasianidae. Although formerly classified in the now-defunct subfamily Perdicinae, phylogenetic evidence supports them being a sister group to the tribe Polyplectronini. They are referred to as East Asian forest partridges.
Lophophorini is a tribe of bird in the subfamily Phasianinae. It contains three genera of pheasant found throughout Asia. This grouping was supported by a 2021 phylogenetic analysis of Galliformes, and accepted by the International Ornithological Congress. The tribe name is accepted by the Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World.
Phasianini is a tribe of birds in the subfamily Phasianinae. It contains the true pheasants. Species in this tribe are found throughout Europe and Asia. This grouping was supported by a 2021 phylogenetic analysis of Galliformes, and accepted by the International Ornithological Congress. The tribe name is accepted by the Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World.
Pavonini is a tribe of bird in the subfamily Phasianinae. Members of this family are primarily found in tropical Asia, along with one species in the Congo Rainforest in Africa. It contains two of the most charismatic members of the Phasianidae, the peafowl and the arguses. This grouping was supported by a 2021 phylogenetic analysis of Galliformes, and accepted by the International Ornithological Congress. The tribe name is accepted by the Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World.
The Tasmanian boobook, also known as the Tasmanian spotted owl, is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. It is native to Tasmania.
The line-crowned woodcreeper is a subspecies of the ocellated woodcreeper, a species of passerine birds in the family Furnariidae, pertaining to the large genus Xiphorhynchus. It is native to the northwest region of the Amazon basin in South America.