Patriotic League Patriotska Liga BiH | |
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Active | 1991–1992 (became part of the ARBiH) |
Disbanded | Incorporated into the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Country | Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Type | Paramilitary organization |
Size | 98,000 (March 1992) |
Garrison/HQ | Sarajevo, Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Motto(s) | Dušman crni mora znati, Bosna nikad neće pasti! (English: Every enemy needs to know, Bosnia will never fall!) |
Engagements | |
Commanders | |
Commander | Sefer Halilović |
The Patriotic League (Bosnian : Patriotska Liga) was the first paramilitary unit of Territorial Defence Force of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (TORBiH). [1]
On 19 December 1990 Alija Izetbegović and the SDA party discussed forming an independent paramilitary separate from the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA). In March 1991 Sefer Halilović formed the Patriotic League (Patriotska Liga - PL) as an independent Bosnian army, with the same territorial organization as Territorial Defense Forces (TO). Later on, the Patriotic League was connected to the TO. The Patriotic League, alongside the TORBiH, would later become the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. [2]
The Patriotic League received training at Croatian Special Police centers and by March 1992 conuted 98,000 troops – more than the shrinking TO – organized in 9 regions and 103 (out of 109) districts. [2]
The Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina is the official military force of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The BiH armed forces were officially unified in 2005 and are composed of two founding armies: the Bosniak and Bosnian Croat Army of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (VFBiH) and the Bosnian Serbs' Army of Republika Srpska (VRS).
The Yugoslav First League was the premier football league in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–1941) and Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1992).
Sefer Halilović is a Bosnian former general and commanding officer of the Bosnian Army during the 1992–95 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 2001, he was indicted for war crimes by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and acquitted of all charges in 2005.
Greater Croatia is a term applied to certain currents within Croatian nationalism. In one sense, it refers to the territorial scope of the Croatian people, emphasising the ethnicity of those Croats living outside Croatia. In the political sense, though, the term refers to an irredentist belief in the equivalence between the territorial scope of the Croatian people and that of the Croatian state.
The Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, often referred to as Bosnian Army, was the military force of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was established by the government of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1992 following the outbreak of the Bosnian War.
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This section is about the history of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina that existed from 1992 to 1995, then it was formed into two armies of the two entities from 1998 to 2005 and finally transformed into the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina (OSBIH).
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The Territorial Defence Force of the Republic of Bosnia and Hercegovina were the first official armed forces of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina at the beginning of the Bosnian War. They were eventually transformed into the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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The Bijeljina massacre involved the killing of civilians by Serb paramilitary groups in Bijeljina on 1–2 April 1992 in the run-up to the Bosnian War. The majority of those killed were Bosniaks. Members of other ethnicities were also killed, such as Serbs deemed disloyal by the local authorities. The killings were committed by a local paramilitary group known as Mirko's Chetniks and by the Serb Volunteer Guard, a Serbia-based paramilitary group led by Željko "Arkan" Ražnatović. The SDG were under the command of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), which was controlled by Serbian President Slobodan Milošević.
An independence referendum was held in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 29 February and 1 March 1992, following the first free elections of 1990 and the rise of ethnic tensions that eventually led to the breakup of Yugoslavia. Independence was strongly favored by Bosniak and Bosnian Croat voters while Bosnian Serbs boycotted the referendum or were prevented from participating by Bosnian Serb authorities.
The Agreement on Friendship and Cooperation between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia was signed by Alija Izetbegović, President of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Franjo Tuđman, President of the Republic of Croatia, in Zagreb on 21 July 1992 during the Bosnian and Croatian wars for independence from Yugoslavia. It established cooperation, albeit inharmonious, between the two and served as a basis for joint defense against Serb forces. It also placed the Croatian Defence Council (HVO) under the command of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH).
Bosnian Muslim paramilitary units, that is militias or paramilitary units made up of Bosnian Muslims (Bosniaks) in war.
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Salko Bukvarević was a Bosnian politician and soldier who served as the Federal Minister for Veterans and Disabled Veterans.
The town of Višegrad in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina was seized by Bosnian Serb forces in April 1992 during the first days of the Bosnian War. Bosnian Serb members of the local Territorial Defence (TO), supported by local Bosnian Serb police and some members of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), quickly overcame heavily overmatched local Bosnian Muslim police and reserve police elements supported by some armed members of the Patriotic League. Following the seizure of the town, Bosnian Serb paramilitaries committed numerous war crimes against the remaining Bosnian Muslim population of the town and surrounding area. Several Bosnian Serbs politicians and paramilitary group members were later convicted for committing war crimes and/or crimes against humanity against the Bosnian Muslim population of Višegrad by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.