Phenuiviridae

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Phenuiviridae
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Rift Valley fever virus replication cycle
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(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Negarnaviricota
Class: Ellioviricetes
Order: Bunyavirales
Family:Phenuiviridae

Phenuiviridae is a family of negative-strand RNA viruses in the order Bunyavirales . [1] Ruminants, camels, humans, and mosquitoes serve as natural hosts. Until 2011, member genus Phlebovirus was the only genus of the family with viruses causing disease in humans (e.g. Rift Valley fever virus) [2] [ scientific citation needed ] except Dabie bandavirus. [3]

Contents

Virology

Structure

Rift Valley fever virus structure 41541 2020 218 Fig1 HTML B.png
Rift Valley fever virus structure

Members of Phenuiviridae are enveloped viruses with helical capsid morphology. Envelope glycoproteins of these viruses are distributed with icosahedral symmetry (T=12). [2] [ time needed ]

Genome

Phenuiviridae is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus family. [4] Its genome is segmented into three pieces: L segment (encoding RNA-dependent RNA polymerase), M segment, and S segment. [1]

Some members of the family have ambisense gene encoding on the S segment (nucleocapsid proteins). The M segment includes envelope glycoproteins encoded in a polyprotein that is cleaved by host proteases. [5] Multiple different proteins can be encoded on the M segment due to leaky scanning by the ribosome. [2]

Life cycle

RNA transcripts are capped through cap snatching, but not polyadenylated. [5] Translation is terminated by a hairpin sequence at the end of each RNA transcript. [2]

Taxonomy

The following genera have been recognized, as of 2020: [6]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Phenuiviridae ~ ViralZone".
  3. ↑ Yu, Xue-Jie; Liang, Mi-Fang; Zhang, Shou-Yin; Liu, Yan; Li, Jian-Dong; Sun, Yu-Lan; Zhang, Lihong; Zhang, Quan-Fu; Popov, Vsevolod L.; Li, Chuan; Qu, Jing; Li, Qun; Zhang, Yan-Ping; Hai, Rong; Wu, Wei; Wang, Qin; Zhan, Fa-Xian; Wang, Xian-Jun; Kan, Biao; Wang, Shi-Wen; Wan, Kang-Lin; Jing, Huai-Qi; Lu, Jin-Xin; Yin, Wen-Wu; Zhou, Hang; Guan, Xu-Hua; Liu, Jia-Fa; Bi, Zhen-Qiang; Liu, Guo-Hua; Ren, Jun; Wang, Hua; Zhao, Zhuo; Song, Jing-Dong; He, Jin-Rong; Wan, Tao; Zhang, Jing-Shan; Fu, Xiu-Ping; Sun, Li-Na; Dong, Xiao-Ping; Feng, Zi-Jian; Yang, Wei-Zhong; Hong, Tao; Zhang, Yu; Walker, David H.; Wang, Yu; Li, De-Xin (21 April 2011). "Fever with Thrombocytopenia Associated with a Novel Bunyavirus in China". New England Journal of Medicine. 364 (16): 1523–1532. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1010095. PMC   3113718 . PMID   21410387.
  4. ↑ "Phenuiviridae".
  5. 1 2 Tercero, Breanna; Terasaki, Kaori; Nakagawa, Keisuke; Narayanan, Krishna; Makino, Shinji (October 2019). "A strand-specific real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay for distinguishing the genomic and antigenomic RNAs of Rift Valley fever phlebovirus". Journal of Virological Methods. 272: 113701. doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.113701. PMC   6698219 . PMID   31315022.
  6. ↑ "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 19 May 2021.


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